Exam 3 Drug List Flashcards
(159 cards)
1
Q
Insoluble fiber
A
not digested, lignins, cellulose, apple skin; good for colon health/function
(lipid lowering drugs)
2
Q
fish oil
A
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
lipid lowering drugs
3
Q
Atorvastatin
A
Statin
lipid lowering drugs
4
Q
Pravastatin
A
Statin
lipid lowering drugs
5
Q
Ezetimibe
A
Absorption blocker
lipid lowering drugs
6
Q
Cholestyramine
A
Bile acid sequestrants/resins
lipid lowering drugs
7
Q
Niacin
A
nicotinamide derivatives aka Vit B3, increases HDLs the best
(lipid lowering drugs)
8
Q
Gemfibrozil
A
Fibrate, decreases triglycerides -CYPs interactions
lipid lowering drugs
9
Q
evolocumab (Repatha)
A
PCSK9 inhibitor. PCSK9 inhibits the LDL receptors (LDLR)
lipid lowering drugs
10
Q
soluble fiber
A
metamucil, oats, psyllium, pectin; risides in intestine (gel-like); dec LDL
(lipid lowering drugs)
11
Q
lovaza
A
omega-3 polyunsaturdated fatty acid (PUFAs)
lipid lowering drugs
12
Q
ethanol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates
A
CNS depressants
drugs of abuse
13
Q
morphine
A
opioid
drugs of abuse
14
Q
heroin
A
opioid
drugs of abuse
15
Q
oxycodone
A
opioid
drugs of abuse
16
Q
hydrocodone
A
opioid
drugs of abuse
17
Q
cigarettes
A
nicotine
drugs of abuse
18
Q
marijuana, hashish, THC
A
cannabinoids
drugs of abuse
19
Q
amphetamine, cocaine, caffeine, ephedrine
A
CNS stimulants
drugs of abuse
20
Q
LSD, MDMA (ecstasy), MDA, mescaline, psilocybin, salvia
A
psychedelics-a type of hallucinogen
drugs of abuse
21
Q
PCP
A
dissociatives-a type of hallucinogen
drugs of abuse
22
Q
ketamine
A
dissociatives-a type of hallucinogen
drugs of abuse
23
Q
atropine
A
deliriants- a type of hallucinogen; antimuscarinic
drugs of abuse
24
Q
scopolamine
A
deliriants- a type of hallucinogen; antimuscarinic
drugs of abuse
25
gasoline, glue, ether, amyl nitrite
inhalants
| drugs of abuse
26
anabolic steroids
performance enhancer
| drugs of abuse
27
clenbuterol
performance enhancer
| drugs of abuse
28
gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
performance enhancer
| drugs of abuse
29
buprenorphine
tx for opioid use d/o; maintenance and detox
| drugs of abuse
30
disulfiram
alcohol aversion tx; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholic (inhibits acetaldehyde DHase)
(drugs of abuse)
31
acamprosate; topiramate
alcohol anti-craving tx (also anti-epileptic)
| drugs of abuse
32
LAAM
tx for opioid use d/o; maintenance and detox
| drugs of abuse
33
methadone
tx for heroin dependence; maintenance and detox; also strong opioid analgesic drug
(drugs of abuse)
34
naltrexone
alcohol anti-craving tx, prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics. Prevents "high" in opioids but doesn't alleviate craving
(drugs of abuse)
35
bupropion
anti-depressant, for tx tobacco use d/o, smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal
(drugs of abuse)
36
varenicline
partial agonist at nicotinic receptor, for tx tobacco use d/o; smoking cessation aid, reduced craving, prevents withdrawal
(drugs of abuse)
37
nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
gum, patches, nasal spray for tx tobacco use d/o (smoking cessation aid, reduced craving, prevents withdrawal, doesn't address behavioral aspects)
(drugs of abuse)
38
epinephrine
catecholamine, neurohormone released from adrenal medulla, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)
39
norepinephrine
catecholamine, transmitter of postganglionic sympathetic neurons, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)
40
isoproterenol
relatively selective beta agonist used to stimulate the heart (B1), dec BP (B2), relax bronchi (B2)
(adrenergics)
41
dopamine
catecholamine, CNS transmitter, NE precursor in post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)
42
dobutamine
beta-1 selective agonist, inc heart contractility=+ inotropic effect
(adrenergics)
43
phenylephrine
Alpha agonist, constricts nasal BV and helps w/ congestion
| adrenergics
44
ephedrine
weak beta and alpha agonist and enhances release of NE, CNS stimulant
(adrenergics)
45
terbutaline
relatively B2-selective agonist, asthma rx
| adrenergics
46
albuterol
relatively B2-selective agonist, asthma rx
| adrenergics
47
amphetamine
increase synaptic NE, inc BP, inc HR
| adrenergics
48
methylphenidate
CNS stimulant, ADHA
| adrenergics
49
phenoxybenzamine
```
alpha blocker (A1>A1), irreversible
(anti-adrenergics)
```
50
phentolamine
non-selective alpha antagonist
| anti-adrenergics
51
propanolol
non-selective Beta-blocker (beta antagonist)
| anti-adrenergics
52
atenolol
Beta-blocker, B1 selective (beta antagonist)
| anti-adrenergics
53
esmolol
Beta-blocker, B1 selectiv, 8 min t1/2 (beta antagonist)
| anti-adrenergics
54
timolol
non-selective Beta-blocker, for glaucoma (beta antagonist)
| anti-adrenergics
55
prazosin
selective alpha blocker (A1 only), reversible
| anti-adrenergics
56
clonidine
Alpha2 agonist, inhibit NE release
| anti-adrenergics
57
methyldopa
Alpha2 agonist, inhibit NE release
| anti-adrenergics
58
caffeine
Xanthine (doesn't bind to adrenergic R but effect resembles sympathetic stimulation), adenosine R antagonist
(adrenergics)
59
theophylline
Xanthine (doesn't bind to adrenergic R but effect resembles sympathetic stimulation), adenosine R antagonist
(adrenergics)
60
resperpine
depletes vesicular norepi, anti-HTN, adrenergic inhibitor
| anti-adrenergics
61
guanethidine
depletes nerve terminal norepi, old anti-HTN drug, adremergic inhibitor
(anti-adrenergics)
62
tyramine
In aged cheese, beers, wine, fava beans, increases synaptic NE, inc BP, inc HR if pt is on MAOI
(adrenergics)
63
cocaine
blocks NET increasing synaptic NE
| adrenergics
64
imipramine
blocks NET increasing synaptic NE
| adrenergics
65
atomoxetine
blocks NET increasing synaptic NE
| adrenergics
66
Labetalol
mixed Alpha and Beta blocker, for acute HTN crisis and chronic HTN
(anti-adrenergics)
67
Carvedilol
mixed Alpha and Beta blocker, for CHF and anti-HTN
| anti-adrenergics
68
prednisolone
synthetic corticosteroid, short-medium activity glucocorticoid
(anti-inflammatory steroids)
69
dexamethasone
synthetic corticosteroid, long acting glucocorticoid, used to dx causes of hypercorticism
(anti-inflammatory steroids)
70
fludrocortisone
synthetic corticosteroid, mineralocorticoid, salt retaining=rx of choice for replacement therapy
(anti-inflammatory steroids)
71
hydrocortison (cortisol)
synthetic corticosteroid, short-medium activity glucocorticoid
(anti-inflammatory steroids)
72
glucocorticoids
anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive agent
| anti-inflammatory steroids
73
mineralocorticoids
water and electrolyte balance
| anti-inflammatory steroids
74
chlorpheniramine
1st gen H1 antagonist
| antihistamines
75
diphenhydramine
1st gen H1 antagonist
| (antihistamines) aka Benadryl
76
dimenhydrinate
1st gen H1 antagonist
| (antihistamines) aka Dramamine
77
loratadine
2nd gen H1 antagonist
| (antihistamines) aka Claritin
78
cetirizine
2nd gen H1 antagonist
| (antihistamines) aka Zyrtec
79
fexofenadine
2nd gen H1 antagonist
| (antihistamines) aka Allegra
80
cromolyn sodium
mast cell stabilizer, directly inhibits mast cell degranulation
(antihistamines)
81
methylprednisolone
systemic corticosteroid
| asthma and COPD drugs
82
fluticasone
aerosol corticosteroid
| asthma and COPD drugs
83
albuterol
SABA=short acting B2 adrenergic agonist
| asthma and COPD drugs
84
salmeterol
LABA=long acting B2 adrenergic agonist
| asthma and COPD drugs
85
ipratropium bromide
short-acting muscarinic antagonist
| asthma and COPD drugs
86
tiotropium
long-acting muscarinic antagonist
| asthma and COPD drugs
87
theophylline
```
methylxanthine drug (non-selective); phosphodiesterase inhibitor
(asthma and COPD drugs)
```
88
montelukast
leukotriene pathway inhibitor
| asthma and COPD drugs
89
omalizumab
IgE inhibitor
| asthma and COPD drugs
90
Tx for variant angina
calcium ch blockers
| anti-anginal
91
Tx for unstable angina
anti-platelet (aspirin) and lipid lowering (statins)
| anti-anginal
92
nitroglycerin
vasodilator, some action on arterioles
| anti-anginal
93
isosorbide dinitrate
organic nitrate for angina, chewable w/ 2-3 hour duration
| anti-anginal
94
verapamil
Calcium channel blocker
| anti-anginal
95
Diltiazem
Calcium channel blocker
| anti-anginal
96
Nifedipine
Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine
| anti-anginal
97
Nimodipine
Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine
| anti-anginal
98
Ranexa (ranolazine)
new molecular entity (NME), prolongs the QT interval, chronic angina tx in pt who have not responded to other anti-anginals
(anti-anginal)
99
hydrochlorothiazide
diuretic
| anti-HTN
100
captopril
ACE Inhibitor
| anti-HTN
101
Losartan
ARB (Ang II R Blocker)
| anti-HTN
102
Amlodipine
Calcium Channel Blocker
| anti-HTN
103
Hydralazine
vasodilator
| anti-HTN
104
Minoxidil
vasodilator
| anti-HTN
105
prazosin
alpha-1 blocker
| anti-HTN
106
methyldopa
alpha-2 agonists, can use during pregnancy
| anti-HTN
107
clonidine
alpha-2 agonists
| anti-HTN
108
spironolactone
aldosterone blocker, potassium sparing diuretic
| anti-HTN
109
lidocaine (iv)
Class IB, for VT only
| antiarrhythmics
110
mexiletine
Class IB, for VT only (special kind of Long QT syndrome)
| antiarrhythmics
111
flecainide
Class IC, Na+ blocker, rhythm control
| antiarrhythmics
112
quinidine
Class IA, VT>>>ST, rhythm control
| antiarrhythmics
113
procainamide
Class IA, VT>>>ST, rhythm control
| antiarrhythmics
114
disopyramide
Class IA, VT>>>ST, rhythm control
| antiarrhythmics
115
amiodarone
Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT
| antiarrhythmics
116
dronedarone
Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT
| antiarrhythmics
117
sotalol
Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT
| antiarrhythmics
118
ibutalide (iv)
Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT
| antiarrhythmics
119
verapamil
Class IV, L-type Ca Channel Blocker, rate control, SVT
| antiarrhythmics
120
diltiazem
Class IV, L-type Ca Channel Blocker, rate control, SVT
| antiarrhythmics
121
metoprolol
Class II, Beta-blocker, rate control, SVT
| antiarrhythmics
122
digoxin
| antiarrhythmics
rate control, SVT
| antiarrhythmics
123
adenosine (iv)
rate control, SVT
| antiarrhythmics
124
warfarin
Anti-coag, Vit K agonist, for afib pt w/ CHA2Ds2-VASc 2+
| antiarrhythmics
125
rivaroxaban
anti-coag, oral factor Xa inhibitor
| antiarrhythmics
126
dabigatran etexilate
anti-coag, oral factor IIa inhibitor
| antiarrhythmics
127
Class I (antiarrhythmics)
block Na+ channels
128
Class II (antiarrhythmics)
block Beta-adrenergic receptors
129
Class III (antiarrhythmics)
block K+ rectifier channels
130
Class IV (antiarrhythmics)
block calcium channels
131
spironolactone
aldosterone antagonists, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
132
eplerenone
aldosterone antagonists, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
133
captopril
ACEI, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
134
enalapril
ACEI, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
135
candesartan
ARBs, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
136
valsartan
ABRs, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
137
sacubitril/valsartan
Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor ARNI, RAA-axis
| CHF drugs
138
carvedilol
Beta-blockers, dec adverse remodeling
| CHF drugs
139
metoprolol
Beta-blockers, dec adverse remodeling
| CHF drugs
140
ivabradine
funny channel blocker, dec HR
| CHF drugs
141
isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine
combined vasodilator
| CHF drugs
142
milrinone
phosphodiesterase inhibitor, inc contractility
| CHF drugs
143
digoxin
| CHF
cardiac glycoside, inc contractility
| CHF drugs
144
Acetazolamide
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
| diuretics
145
Mannitol
osmotic diuretic
| diuretics
146
glycerin
osmotic diuretic
| diuretics
147
isosorbide
osmotic diuretic
| diuretics
148
urea
osmotic diuretic
| diuretics
149
Furosemide
Loop diuretic
| diuretics
150
ethacrynic acid
Loop diuretics
| diuretics
151
hydrochlorothiazide
thiazide diuretics
| diuretics
152
chlorthalidone
thiazide diuretics
| diuretics
153
indapamide
thiazide diuretics
| diuretics
154
Amiloride
inhibitors of ENaC
| diuretics
155
Triamterene
inhibitors of ENaC
| diuretics
156
Spironolactone
```
Aldosterone antagonist
(diuretics)
```
157
Eplerenone
```
Aldosterone antagonist
(diuretics)
```
158
Tolvaptan
Vasopressin (ADH) antagonist
| diuretics
159
Conivaptan
Vasopressin (ADH) antagonist
| diuretics
