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Pharm > Exam 3 Drug List > Flashcards

Exam 3 Drug List Flashcards

1
Q

Insoluble fiber

A

not digested, lignins, cellulose, apple skin; good for colon health/function
(lipid lowering drugs)

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2
Q

fish oil

A

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

lipid lowering drugs

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3
Q

Atorvastatin

A

Statin

lipid lowering drugs

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4
Q

Pravastatin

A

Statin

lipid lowering drugs

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5
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Absorption blocker

lipid lowering drugs

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6
Q

Cholestyramine

A

Bile acid sequestrants/resins

lipid lowering drugs

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7
Q

Niacin

A

nicotinamide derivatives aka Vit B3, increases HDLs the best
(lipid lowering drugs)

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8
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Fibrate, decreases triglycerides -CYPs interactions

lipid lowering drugs

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9
Q

evolocumab (Repatha)

A

PCSK9 inhibitor. PCSK9 inhibits the LDL receptors (LDLR)

lipid lowering drugs

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10
Q

soluble fiber

A

metamucil, oats, psyllium, pectin; risides in intestine (gel-like); dec LDL
(lipid lowering drugs)

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11
Q

lovaza

A

omega-3 polyunsaturdated fatty acid (PUFAs)

lipid lowering drugs

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12
Q

ethanol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates

A

CNS depressants

drugs of abuse

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13
Q

morphine

A

opioid

drugs of abuse

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14
Q

heroin

A

opioid

drugs of abuse

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15
Q

oxycodone

A

opioid

drugs of abuse

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16
Q

hydrocodone

A

opioid

drugs of abuse

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17
Q

cigarettes

A

nicotine

drugs of abuse

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18
Q

marijuana, hashish, THC

A

cannabinoids

drugs of abuse

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19
Q

amphetamine, cocaine, caffeine, ephedrine

A

CNS stimulants

drugs of abuse

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20
Q

LSD, MDMA (ecstasy), MDA, mescaline, psilocybin, salvia

A

psychedelics-a type of hallucinogen

drugs of abuse

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21
Q

PCP

A

dissociatives-a type of hallucinogen

drugs of abuse

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22
Q

ketamine

A

dissociatives-a type of hallucinogen

drugs of abuse

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23
Q

atropine

A

deliriants- a type of hallucinogen; antimuscarinic

drugs of abuse

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24
Q

scopolamine

A

deliriants- a type of hallucinogen; antimuscarinic

drugs of abuse

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25
Q

gasoline, glue, ether, amyl nitrite

A

inhalants

drugs of abuse

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26
Q

anabolic steroids

A

performance enhancer

drugs of abuse

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27
Q

clenbuterol

A

performance enhancer

drugs of abuse

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28
Q

gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)

A

performance enhancer

drugs of abuse

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29
Q

buprenorphine

A

tx for opioid use d/o; maintenance and detox

drugs of abuse

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30
Q

disulfiram

A

alcohol aversion tx; prevent relapse in recovering alcoholic (inhibits acetaldehyde DHase)
(drugs of abuse)

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31
Q

acamprosate; topiramate

A

alcohol anti-craving tx (also anti-epileptic)

drugs of abuse

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32
Q

LAAM

A

tx for opioid use d/o; maintenance and detox

drugs of abuse

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33
Q

methadone

A

tx for heroin dependence; maintenance and detox; also strong opioid analgesic drug
(drugs of abuse)

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34
Q

naltrexone

A

alcohol anti-craving tx, prevent relapse in recovering alcoholics. Prevents “high” in opioids but doesn’t alleviate craving
(drugs of abuse)

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35
Q

bupropion

A

anti-depressant, for tx tobacco use d/o, smoking cessation aid, reduces craving, prevents withdrawal

(drugs of abuse)

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36
Q

varenicline

A

partial agonist at nicotinic receptor, for tx tobacco use d/o; smoking cessation aid, reduced craving, prevents withdrawal
(drugs of abuse)

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37
Q

nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)

A

gum, patches, nasal spray for tx tobacco use d/o (smoking cessation aid, reduced craving, prevents withdrawal, doesn’t address behavioral aspects)
(drugs of abuse)

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38
Q

epinephrine

A

catecholamine, neurohormone released from adrenal medulla, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)

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39
Q

norepinephrine

A

catecholamine, transmitter of postganglionic sympathetic neurons, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)

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40
Q

isoproterenol

A

relatively selective beta agonist used to stimulate the heart (B1), dec BP (B2), relax bronchi (B2)
(adrenergics)

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41
Q

dopamine

A

catecholamine, CNS transmitter, NE precursor in post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals, alpha and beta receptor agonist
(adrenergics)

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42
Q

dobutamine

A

beta-1 selective agonist, inc heart contractility=+ inotropic effect
(adrenergics)

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43
Q

phenylephrine

A

Alpha agonist, constricts nasal BV and helps w/ congestion

adrenergics

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44
Q

ephedrine

A

weak beta and alpha agonist and enhances release of NE, CNS stimulant
(adrenergics)

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45
Q

terbutaline

A

relatively B2-selective agonist, asthma rx

adrenergics

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46
Q

albuterol

A

relatively B2-selective agonist, asthma rx

adrenergics

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47
Q

amphetamine

A

increase synaptic NE, inc BP, inc HR

adrenergics

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48
Q

methylphenidate

A

CNS stimulant, ADHA

adrenergics

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49
Q

phenoxybenzamine

A 
alpha blocker (A1>A1), irreversible 
(anti-adrenergics)
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50
Q

phentolamine

A

non-selective alpha antagonist

anti-adrenergics

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51
Q

propanolol

A

non-selective Beta-blocker (beta antagonist)

anti-adrenergics

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52
Q

atenolol

A

Beta-blocker, B1 selective (beta antagonist)

anti-adrenergics

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53
Q

esmolol

A

Beta-blocker, B1 selectiv, 8 min t1/2 (beta antagonist)

anti-adrenergics

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54
Q

timolol

A

non-selective Beta-blocker, for glaucoma (beta antagonist)

anti-adrenergics

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55
Q

prazosin

A

selective alpha blocker (A1 only), reversible

anti-adrenergics

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56
Q

clonidine

A

Alpha2 agonist, inhibit NE release

anti-adrenergics

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57
Q

methyldopa

A

Alpha2 agonist, inhibit NE release

anti-adrenergics

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58
Q

caffeine

A

Xanthine (doesn’t bind to adrenergic R but effect resembles sympathetic stimulation), adenosine R antagonist
(adrenergics)

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59
Q

theophylline

A

Xanthine (doesn’t bind to adrenergic R but effect resembles sympathetic stimulation), adenosine R antagonist
(adrenergics)

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60
Q

resperpine

A

depletes vesicular norepi, anti-HTN, adrenergic inhibitor

anti-adrenergics

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61
Q

guanethidine

A

depletes nerve terminal norepi, old anti-HTN drug, adremergic inhibitor
(anti-adrenergics)

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62
Q

tyramine

A

In aged cheese, beers, wine, fava beans, increases synaptic NE, inc BP, inc HR if pt is on MAOI
(adrenergics)

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63
Q

cocaine

A

blocks NET increasing synaptic NE

adrenergics

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64
Q

imipramine

A

blocks NET increasing synaptic NE

adrenergics

65
Q

atomoxetine

A

blocks NET increasing synaptic NE

adrenergics

66
Q

Labetalol

A

mixed Alpha and Beta blocker, for acute HTN crisis and chronic HTN
(anti-adrenergics)

67
Q

Carvedilol

A

mixed Alpha and Beta blocker, for CHF and anti-HTN

anti-adrenergics

68
Q

prednisolone

A

synthetic corticosteroid, short-medium activity glucocorticoid
(anti-inflammatory steroids)

69
Q

dexamethasone

A

synthetic corticosteroid, long acting glucocorticoid, used to dx causes of hypercorticism
(anti-inflammatory steroids)

70
Q

fludrocortisone

A

synthetic corticosteroid, mineralocorticoid, salt retaining=rx of choice for replacement therapy
(anti-inflammatory steroids)

71
Q

hydrocortison (cortisol)

A

synthetic corticosteroid, short-medium activity glucocorticoid
(anti-inflammatory steroids)

72
Q

glucocorticoids

A

anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive agent

anti-inflammatory steroids

73
Q

mineralocorticoids

A

water and electrolyte balance

anti-inflammatory steroids

74
Q

chlorpheniramine

A

1st gen H1 antagonist

antihistamines

75
Q

diphenhydramine

A

1st gen H1 antagonist

(antihistamines) aka Benadryl

76
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

1st gen H1 antagonist

(antihistamines) aka Dramamine

77
Q

loratadine

A

2nd gen H1 antagonist

(antihistamines) aka Claritin

78
Q

cetirizine

A

2nd gen H1 antagonist

(antihistamines) aka Zyrtec

79
Q

fexofenadine

A

2nd gen H1 antagonist

(antihistamines) aka Allegra

80
Q

cromolyn sodium

A

mast cell stabilizer, directly inhibits mast cell degranulation
(antihistamines)

81
Q

methylprednisolone

A

systemic corticosteroid

asthma and COPD drugs

82
Q

fluticasone

A

aerosol corticosteroid

asthma and COPD drugs

83
Q

albuterol

A

SABA=short acting B2 adrenergic agonist

asthma and COPD drugs

84
Q

salmeterol

A

LABA=long acting B2 adrenergic agonist

asthma and COPD drugs

85
Q

ipratropium bromide

A

short-acting muscarinic antagonist

asthma and COPD drugs

86
Q

tiotropium

A

long-acting muscarinic antagonist

asthma and COPD drugs

87
Q

theophylline

A 
methylxanthine drug (non-selective); phosphodiesterase inhibitor
(asthma and COPD drugs)
88
Q

montelukast

A

leukotriene pathway inhibitor

asthma and COPD drugs

89
Q

omalizumab

A

IgE inhibitor

asthma and COPD drugs

90
Q

Tx for variant angina

A

calcium ch blockers

anti-anginal

91
Q

Tx for unstable angina

A

anti-platelet (aspirin) and lipid lowering (statins)

anti-anginal

92
Q

nitroglycerin

A

vasodilator, some action on arterioles

anti-anginal

93
Q

isosorbide dinitrate

A

organic nitrate for angina, chewable w/ 2-3 hour duration

anti-anginal

94
Q

verapamil

A

Calcium channel blocker

anti-anginal

95
Q

Diltiazem

A

Calcium channel blocker

anti-anginal

96
Q

Nifedipine

A

Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine

anti-anginal

97
Q

Nimodipine

A

Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine

anti-anginal

98
Q

Ranexa (ranolazine)

A

new molecular entity (NME), prolongs the QT interval, chronic angina tx in pt who have not responded to other anti-anginals
(anti-anginal)

99
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

diuretic

anti-HTN

100
Q

captopril

A

ACE Inhibitor

anti-HTN

101
Q

Losartan

A

ARB (Ang II R Blocker)

anti-HTN

102
Q

Amlodipine

A

Calcium Channel Blocker

anti-HTN

103
Q

Hydralazine

A

vasodilator

anti-HTN

104
Q

Minoxidil

A

vasodilator

anti-HTN

105
Q

prazosin

A

alpha-1 blocker

anti-HTN

106
Q

methyldopa

A

alpha-2 agonists, can use during pregnancy

anti-HTN

107
Q

clonidine

A

alpha-2 agonists

anti-HTN

108
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone blocker, potassium sparing diuretic

anti-HTN

109
Q

lidocaine (iv)

A

Class IB, for VT only

antiarrhythmics

110
Q

mexiletine

A

Class IB, for VT only (special kind of Long QT syndrome)

antiarrhythmics

111
Q

flecainide

A

Class IC, Na+ blocker, rhythm control

antiarrhythmics

112
Q

quinidine

A

Class IA, VT»>ST, rhythm control

antiarrhythmics

113
Q

procainamide

A

Class IA, VT»>ST, rhythm control

antiarrhythmics

114
Q

disopyramide

A

Class IA, VT»>ST, rhythm control

antiarrhythmics

115
Q

amiodarone

A

Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT

antiarrhythmics

116
Q

dronedarone

A

Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT

antiarrhythmics

117
Q

sotalol

A

Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT

antiarrhythmics

118
Q

ibutalide (iv)

A

Class III, K+ blocker, rhythm control, VT and SVT

antiarrhythmics

119
Q

verapamil

A

Class IV, L-type Ca Channel Blocker, rate control, SVT

antiarrhythmics

120
Q

diltiazem

A

Class IV, L-type Ca Channel Blocker, rate control, SVT

antiarrhythmics

121
Q

metoprolol

A

Class II, Beta-blocker, rate control, SVT

antiarrhythmics

122
Q

digoxin

antiarrhythmics

A

rate control, SVT

antiarrhythmics

123
Q

adenosine (iv)

A

rate control, SVT

antiarrhythmics

124
Q

warfarin

A

Anti-coag, Vit K agonist, for afib pt w/ CHA2Ds2-VASc 2+

antiarrhythmics

125
Q

rivaroxaban

A

anti-coag, oral factor Xa inhibitor

antiarrhythmics

126
Q

dabigatran etexilate

A

anti-coag, oral factor IIa inhibitor

antiarrhythmics

127
Q

Class I (antiarrhythmics)

A

block Na+ channels

128
Q

Class II (antiarrhythmics)

A

block Beta-adrenergic receptors

129
Q

Class III (antiarrhythmics)

A

block K+ rectifier channels

130
Q

Class IV (antiarrhythmics)

A

block calcium channels

131
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonists, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

132
Q

eplerenone

A

aldosterone antagonists, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

133
Q

captopril

A

ACEI, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

134
Q

enalapril

A

ACEI, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

135
Q

candesartan

A

ARBs, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

136
Q

valsartan

A

ABRs, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

137
Q

sacubitril/valsartan

A

Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor ARNI, RAA-axis

CHF drugs

138
Q

carvedilol

A

Beta-blockers, dec adverse remodeling

CHF drugs

139
Q

metoprolol

A

Beta-blockers, dec adverse remodeling

CHF drugs

140
Q

ivabradine

A

funny channel blocker, dec HR

CHF drugs

141
Q

isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine

A

combined vasodilator

CHF drugs

142
Q

milrinone

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor, inc contractility

CHF drugs

143
Q

digoxin

CHF

A

cardiac glycoside, inc contractility

CHF drugs

144
Q

Acetazolamide

A

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

diuretics

145
Q

Mannitol

A

osmotic diuretic

diuretics

146
Q

glycerin

A

osmotic diuretic

diuretics

147
Q

isosorbide

A

osmotic diuretic

diuretics

148
Q

urea

A

osmotic diuretic

diuretics

149
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

diuretics

150
Q

ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretics

diuretics

151
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

thiazide diuretics

diuretics

152
Q

chlorthalidone

A

thiazide diuretics

diuretics

153
Q

indapamide

A

thiazide diuretics

diuretics

154
Q

Amiloride

A

inhibitors of ENaC

diuretics

155
Q

Triamterene

A

inhibitors of ENaC

diuretics

156
Q

Spironolactone

A 
Aldosterone antagonist 
(diuretics)
157
Q

Eplerenone

A 
Aldosterone antagonist 
(diuretics)
158
Q

Tolvaptan

A

Vasopressin (ADH) antagonist

diuretics

159
Q

Conivaptan

A

Vasopressin (ADH) antagonist

diuretics

Pharm (4 decks)

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