Exam 3: Elbow-Forearm complex

Question 1

What is role of elbow forearm complex?

Answer 1

position wrist and serve the hand

Question 2

what type of joint is the elbow forearm joint?

Answer 2

hinge joint

Question 3

what are the three joints of the elbow joint?

Answer 3

1. humeroulnar
2. humeroradial
3. proximal radioulnar

Question 4

what are the functions of the three elbow joints

Answer 4

provides mobility for hand in space by shortening/lengthening the upper extremity

Question 5

T/F: the elbow complex provides for skilled and forceful movements of the hand.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

examples of elbow flexion

Answer 6

shaving face
bringing food to mouth
holding phone to ear
occur during supination

Question 7

examples of elbow extension

Answer 7

reach and tie shoes
throw ball overhand
push off from chair
occur during pronation

Question 8

humeralulnar joint and humeroradial joint

Answer 8

pulls radioulnar as one

hinge joint

Question 9

proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 9

forearm joint
allows for supination/pronation
pivot joint

Question 10

joint capsule of elbow forearm complex

Answer 10

• all three joints enclosed in capsule
• capsule attached to humerus and ulna anteriorly
• attached to upper edge of humerus posteriorly

Question 11

T/F: capsule is large, loose, and weak anteriorly and posteriolry

Answer 11

True

Question 12

how does the joint capsule of the elbow forearm complex serve a stability role?

Answer 12

it is reinforced on its sides by ligaments

Question 13

bones of the E-F complex

Answer 13

• humerus
• proximal ulna
• proximal radius

Question 14

carrying angle

Answer 14

• slight angle in anatomical position

- functions for walking, carrying object

Question 15

cubital valgus

Answer 15

greater than normal carrying angle away from midline

Question 16

cubital varus

Answer 16

angle more towards midline

Question 17

functions of ligaments of E-F complex

Answer 17

• helps reinforce joint and capsule
• prevents elbow from undesirable movement
• hinge joint
• flexes and extends

Question 18

Ligaments of E-F complex (7)

Answer 18

1. radial collateral (lateral)
2. ulnar collateral (medial)
3. annular
4. quadrate
5. oblique cord
6. interosseous membrane
7. ant. and post. radioulnar

Question 19

elbow stabilization ligaments (2)

Answer 19

1. Ulnar Collateral (medial)

2. Radial collateral (lateral)

Question 20

function of ulnar collateral ligament

Answer 20

• provides medial stability
• prevents excessive lateral movement
• tightens during lateral movement

Question 21

function of radial collateral ligament

Answer 21

• provides lateral stability
• prevents excessive medial movement
• tightens during medial movement

Question 22

proximal forearm stabilizing ligaments

Answer 22

• annular ligament
• quadrate ligament
• oblique cord

Question 23

function of annular ligament

Answer 23

• attaches radius to ulna

Question 24

function of quadrate ligament

Answer 24

• maintain position of radius to ulna

- reinforces joint capsule

Question 25

function of oblique cord ligament

Answer 25

- assist in preventing separation of radius and ulna

Question 26

middle forearm stabilizing ligament

Answer 26

- interosseous membrane

Question 27

function of interosseous membrane

Answer 27

- provides stability for radioulnar joints - maintains distance bt radius and ulna - immovable joint

Question 28

distal forearm stabilizing ligament

Answer 28

- anterior and posterior radioulnar

Question 29

function of anterior and posterior radioulnar joint

Answer 29

- provides stability for distal radioulanr joint

Question 30

flexion muscles of the elbow (3)

Answer 30

1. biceps brachii 2. brachioradialis 3. brachialis

Question 31

extension muscles of elbow (2)

Answer 31

1. triceps brachii | 2. anconeus

Question 32

action of biceps brachia muscle in E-F complex

Answer 32

- flexion | - supination of forearm at elbow joint

Question 33

action of brachioradialis muscle at E-F complex

Answer 33

- flexion at elbow | - pronate and supinate midposition (holds in neutral)

Question 34

action of brachial is muscle at E-F complex

Answer 34

flexes forearm at elbow

Question 35

muscles of the forearm (radioulnar joint)

Answer 35

- supinator - pronator teres - pronator quadatus

Question 36

longitudinal compression injuries

Answer 36

- falling on hand with elbow in close pack position | - radial head/ olecrenon process fracture

Question 37

longitudinal distractive injuries

Answer 37

- forceful pull on radius results in radial head pulled out of annular ligament "pulled elbow"

Question 38

avascular necrosis

Answer 38

- death of connective tissue from poor blood supply | - improper casting for fractures

Question 39

epicondylitis of lateral epicondyle

Answer 39

- tennis elbow | - repeated forceful contractions of wrist extensors

Question 40

epicdonylitis of medial epicondyle

Answer 40

- golfers elbow | - repeated forceful contractions of wrist flexors

Question 41

cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 41

- impaired motion of thumb and 3rd and 4th fingers. | - ulnar nerve compressed

Question 42

fractures (supracondylar)

Answer 42

- compression elbow injuries | - fractures transmitted by radius and ulna to humerus