Exam #3 HIV AND AIDS Related DRUGS

Question 1

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Goals?

Answer 1

Reduce HIV-associated morbidity and mortality
 Prolong the duration and quality of life
 Restore and preserve immunologic function
 Maximally and durably suppress plasma HIV
 Prevent HIV transmission

Question 2

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Indications?

Answer 2

HIV-infected individuals
 HIV-infected pregnant patients
 Patients with a history of an AIDS-defining illness
 Patients with HIV-associated nephropathy, or HIV and hepatitis B co-infection
 Serodiscordant couples

Question 3

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Anti retroviral agents used

Answer 3

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
 Entry (fusion) inhibitors
 CCR4 antagonists
 Integrase inhibitors

Question 4

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Nurses role?

Answer 4

Drug regimen adherence
 Non adherence results
 HIV replication
 Increased viral loads
 Immune system deterioration
 Drug resistance

Question 5

ANTIVIRALS?

Answer 5

Do not heal the virus. Just help with symptoms. Must be taken immediately upon symptoms. Will decrease spread of virus and decrease time span of illness, only prescription

Question 6

Human Immunodeficieny Virus (HIV)?

Answer 6

In the successful treatment of this pt, the outcome will be a normal T cell count, a normal WBC, and a zero detectable viral load
● Once the pt has any evidence of opportunistic infection, then they are considered AIDS
● Meds are focused on suppressing those viruses
● trouble sticking with the prescribed drug regimens

Question 7

Descovy For Prep?

Answer 7

A PrEP (Preexposure prophylaxis) medication to help lower the chances of contracting HIV through sex - does not prevent other STIs
○ Use saffe sex practices and get tested regularly (every 3 months) for HIV and STIs
● Not for people born as women, you must be HIV negative to take discovy
● Given as emtricitabine 200 mg/ tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg tablets
○ A once daily prescription med PO
○ If you think you have been exposed to HIV or have flu symptoms you must contact HCP
to get retested for HIV

Question 8

Descovy For Prep Side Effects?

Answer 8

Kidney problems,kidney failure, buildup of lactic acid, liver problems, diarrhea.
Must notify HCP about other prescription meds or if you have kidney/Liver problems(Hepatits)
- If you have HEP B Do not stop taking Descovy without notifying HCP

Question 9

Dovato use?

Answer 9

For adults who are starting HIV treatment or would like to replace their current treatment
Made of dolutegravir 50mg/ lamivudine 300mg tablets

Question 10

Dovato Purpose?

Answer 10

to help to keep virus load undetectable. If virus load is 0 then HIV is not transmittable through sex

Question 11

Dovato Contraindications?

Answer 11

allergy to any ingredients of med, if you take dofetilide, Hep B can be harder to treat under this med
○ DO NOT stop taking without consulting HCP

Question 12

Dovato Side Effects/Adverse reactions?

Answer 12

Allergic reaction, lactic acid buildup, liver problems, rash, headache, nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, fatigue, anxiety
○ If you notice these contact HCP, notify if you have kidney/liver problems, Hep B, or if you plan to get pregnant- may harm baby
Continue to use birth control measures

Question 13

ART MEdications: how to evaluate effectiveness?

Answer 13

By measuring viral load

Question 14

ART Medications: Nursing Evaluation?

Answer 14

The patient will have at least a 95% drug adherence.
• Viral load will decrease or become undetectable.
• The patient and/or the significant other will openly discuss any fears or concerns related to HIV and ART.
• The patient will verbalize safe sex practices and methods to reduce HIV transmission.

Question 15

ART medications: Nursing Assessment?

Answer 15

Obtain an in-depth patient history and assess physiologic and psychosocial needs.
• Assess for signs and symptoms related to clinical progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and refer to medical care and psychological support as indicated.
• Perform a drug reconciliation that includes all prescription, over-the-counter (OTC), and herbal products. Assess for use of illegal and other nonprescription drugs. Report potential drug-drug or drug-herb interactions.
• Obtain a nutritional history to assess for nutritional deficits and for potential drug-food interactions. Assess for the potential need for therapeutic lifestyle change.
• Assess readiness to learn and discern the preferred method of instruction (written, verbal, pictorial).
• With each patient visit, conduct a pill count to determine treatment adherence.