Exam 3 Lecture 19

Question 1

arise from 2 tissue layers from the embryo

Answer 1

Diploblastic animal

Question 2

• Simplest of living animals
• Body plan is similar to a
  vase with small pores
  along its sides

Answer 2

Sponges

Question 3

Three layers for sponges

Answer 3

Epidermis
Mesophyl
choanocytes

Question 4

Exterior
protection

Answer 4

epidermis

Question 5

Mid layer
digestion
reproduction
skeletal secretion

Answer 5

Mesohyl

Question 6

Interior
intracellular digestion of dissolved organic matter

Answer 6

Choanocytes

Question 7

nerves
epithelium
light sensitive cells
pseudo muscles

Answer 7

Special cells of cnidarians

Question 7

• Common body plan
• Tentacles surround a
  mouth
• Mouth leads to a gastric
  cavity
• Waste also excreted
  through mouth

Answer 7

Cnidarians

Question 8

Three layers of cnidarians

Answer 8

ectoderm
mesoglea-jelly of jelly fish
endoderm

Question 9

tight layer
of cells lining all body
compartments

Answer 9

Epithelium

Question 10

simple neural
net (no brain)

Answer 10

Cnidarian nerves

Question 11

simple eyes

Answer 11

light sensitive cells

Question 12

no
true muscle cells, but
they do have cells that
allow for movement

Answer 12

pseudo muscles

Question 13

Used to be thought to be
closely related to
cnidarians
* Move using the
coordinated beating of
cilia

Answer 13

Ctenophores

Question 14

Annelids

Answer 14

segmented worms

Question 15

• Bilaterally symmetrical
• Cylindrical body with
  repeated segments
• Segments modified to
  become different
  structures

Answer 15

Segmented worms (annelids)

Question 16

• True organs & muscles
• Organ systems
• Nervous
• Digestive
• Closed circulatory
  system
• Nitrogenous waste

Answer 16

Evolutionary advancements for annelids

Question 17

• Gastropods
• Cephalopods
• Bivalves

Answer 17

Mollusks

Question 18

Marine, freshwater,
and terrestrial
* Has a modified coelom
that has become small
cavities around organs
* In terrestrial species,
gill has become a
simple lung

Answer 18

Gastropods

Question 19

Snail

Answer 19

Gastropod

Question 20

Predators with a
unique body plan
* Jet propulsion system
(siphon)
* Arms and tentacles to
capture prey

Answer 20

Cephalopods

Question 21

Squid

Answer 21

cephalopods

Question 22

What animal has:
* Well developed neural
anatomy
* Excellent eyesight
* Problem-solving
intelligence

Answer 22

Cephalopods

Question 23

• Similar anatomy to
  gastropods and
  cephalopods (except
  no head)
• Filter feeders
• Skeleton is two hard
  shells connected by a
  hinge

Answer 23

Bivalves

Question 24

What animal: * Have an incurrent and outcurrent siphon * Takes in food & oxygen and expels waste

Answer 24

Bivalves

Question 25

* Chelicerates * Myriapods * Crustaceans * Insects

Answer 25

Arthropods

Question 26

what is the most diverse animal phylum

Answer 26

Arthropods

Question 27

Who had these evolutionary adaptations: * Desiccation resistant eggs * Wings * Specialized respiratory system * Metamorphosis – major change from one developmental stage to another

Answer 27

Insects

Question 28

separates life into eating stage and reproductive stage, and changes entire body plan to best accommodate both activities

Answer 28

Metomorphosis

Question 29

pores in the exoskeleton (insects)

Answer 29

Spiracles

Question 30

internal system of tubes that directs oxygen and removes carbon dioxide (insects)

Answer 30

Tracheae

Question 31

Hemichordates Echinoderms Chordates | anus forms before the mouth

Answer 31

Deuterostome Animals

Question 32

Acorn worms and pterobranchs

Answer 32

Hemichordates

Question 33

these are openings between the pharynx, or throat, and the outside -function in feeding and respiration

Answer 33

Pharyngeal slits

Question 34

ventral or lateral in all previously seen organisms

Answer 34

ventral or lateral in all previously seen organisms

Question 35

Sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers

Answer 35

Echinoderms

Question 36

Unique adaptations: * Water vascular system – permit bulk flow of oxygen and nutrients * Tube feet – projection of water vascular system used for locomotion and feeding Pentaradial symmetry (in addition to being bilaterally symmetrical) * Exoskeleton of porous calcitewhat unique adaptations do echinoderms

Answer 36

Echinoderm adaptations

Question 37

* Cephalochordates * Tunicates * Vertebrates

Answer 37

chordates

Question 38

pharyngeal slits -notochord -neural tube myotomes tail

Answer 38

Defining characteristics of chordates

Question 39

stiff rod of collagen along the back

Answer 39

Notochord

Question 40

early feature of embryonic development; becomes dorsal nerve cord

Answer 40

Neural Tube

Question 41

Has key chordate traits * Lacks a well- developed brain and eyes * No lateral appendages * No mineralized skeleton

Answer 41

Cephalochordates

Question 42

* Has key chordate traits in larval form * Adult filter feeding form only has pharyngeal slits in common with cordate traits

Answer 42

Tunicates

Question 43

* Have backbones * Cranium * Well-developed brain * Pair of eyes * Distinctive mouth * Internal skeleton * Coelom * Closed circulatory system * Pharyngeal slits (embryonically)

Answer 43

Vertabrae

Question 44

What is the most diverse of vertebrates

Answer 44

Fish

Question 45

* Amphibians * Reptiles * Birds * Mammals

Answer 45

Tetrapod's

Question 46

Has an aquatic larval form

Answer 46

Amphibians

Question 47

Adult form with simple lungs

Answer 47

Amphibians

Question 48

Need to keep their skin wet as a secondary means of respiration

Answer 48

Amphibians

Question 49

Includes: * Reptiles * Birds * Mammals Evolved amniotic egg to reproduce without water * Internal fertilization

Answer 49

Amniotes

Question 50

* Evolved from dinosaur ancestors * Lack teeth * Scales modified into feathers * Hollow bones * Circular breathing

Answer 50

Birds

Question 51

* Covered in hair * Produce milk to feed their young

Answer 51

Mammals

Question 52

mammal groups

Answer 52

monotremes -marsupials -placentals

Question 53

Earliest group lay eggs

Answer 53

monotremes

Question 54

premature birth

Answer 54

marsupials

Question 55

create temporary organ (placenta) to nourish the embryo

Answer 55

placentals

Question 56

what are the three types of Mullosks

Answer 56

Bivalves cephlapod gastropod