Exam 3 Material

Question 0

In ____ everything is based on carbon, the molecules are large, uses covalent bonding, the reactions occur relatively slowly, and are made up of at least 10 families of compounds

Answer 0

Organic Chemistry

Question 1

In ____ the molecules are relatively small, the bonds are usually ionic, the reactions occur rapidly and are made up of at least 4 compounds

Answer 1

Inorganic Chemistry

Question 2

Maintaing 4 valence electrons in its outermost shell, ____ therefore may form a maximum of 4 bonds

Answer 2

Carbon

Question 3

____ has a strong tendency to combine with itself to form large molecules

Answer 3

Carbon

Question 4

There are four primary elements which combine with carbon they are…

Answer 4

1. ) Hydrogen
2. ) Oxygen
3. ) Nitrogen
4. ) Other Carbon Atoms

Question 5

Carbon may be bound by adjacent carbon atoms by 1,2, or 3 bonds. However there is a limit of ____. Carbon has a combing capacity of ____ but the maximum number of bonds between two adjacent carbon atoms is ____.

Answer 5

3

4

3

Question 6

____ is a chemical formula used to represent a class or family of organic compounds consisting of at least 2 parts

Answer 6

General Formula

Question 7

The ____ or ____ is a variable length chain of carbon atoms which atoms which has lost a Hydrogen

Answer 7

Radical or “R”

Question 8

R1 is said as _____

Answer 8

R prime

Question 9

R-OH

Answer 9

Alcohol

Question 10

R-CHO

Answer 10

Aldehyde

Question 11

R-COOH

Answer 11

Organic Acid

Question 12

R-CO-R1

Answer 12

Ketone

Question 13

R-COO_R1

Answer 13

Ester

Question 14

R-O-R1

Answer 14

Ether

Question 15

R-NH2

Answer 15

Amine

Question 16

R-X

Answer 16

Alkyl Halide

Question 17

_____ is a chemical formula that tells you the total atoms in making up a compound.

Answer 17

Molecular Formulas

Question 18

____ a chemical formula that shows the spatial relation and how they are bonded

Answer 18

Structural Formulas

Question 19

____ is written on a single line to conserve space

Answer 19

Line Formulas

Question 20

The hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing only _____ and _____ as constituent elements.

Answer 20

Carbon

Hydrogen

Question 21

Hydrocarbons are the ____ of the organic compounds which contain only two elements

Answer 21

Simplest

Question 22

Those hydrocarbs on which carbons are joined together by single bonds are called ____

Answer 22

Saturated Hydrocarbons

Question 23

The suffix -ane means it contains ____ bonds and those bonds are ____

Answer 23

Single

Saturated

Question 24

1 =

Answer 24

Meth "Methane"

Question 25

2 =

Answer 25

Eth "Ethane" or Natural Gas

Question 26

3 =

Answer 26

Prop "Propane"

Question 27

4 =

Answer 27

But "Butane"

Question 28

5 =

Answer 28

Pent "Pentane"

Question 29

6 =

Answer 29

Hex "Hexane"

Question 30

7 =

Answer 30

Hept "Heptane"

Question 31

8 =

Answer 31

Oct "Octane"

Question 32

9 =

Answer 32

Non "Nonane"

Question 33

10 =

Answer 33

Dec "Decane"

Question 34

There is a fixed ratio between carbon and hydrogen in ALKANES which is expressed in the type formula ____.

Answer 34

CnH2n+2

Question 35

The alkyl or R groups is derived from the ALKANES, whereas alkanes are expressed as ____; the ALKYL group has as its type formula ____.

Answer 35

CnH2n+2 CnH2n+1

Question 36

CH4 is ____

Answer 36

Methane or "Marsh (swamp) Gas"

Question 37

CH3 is ____

Answer 37

Methyl

Question 38

C2H6 is ____

Answer 38

Ethane or "natural gas"

Question 39

C2H5 is ____

Answer 39

Ethyl

Question 40

C3H8 is ___

Answer 40

Propane or BBQ gas

Question 41

C3H7 is ____

Answer 41

Propyl

Question 42

One will quickly determine, among organic formulas, that two or more substances may have the same molecular formula - but different structural formulas - this would be an example in which substances may be ____ of each other (refer page 111-114)

Answer 42

Isomers

Question 43

When multiple bonds are present in a carbon chain, the substance is referred to as an _____ hydrocarbon - it contains less hydrogen atoms than it could if only single bonds were present Example: C4H6

Answer 43

Unsaturated

Question 44

____ are only used with hydrocarbons

Answer 44

Type Formulas

Question 45

____ is an alkane that has lost a hydrogen and can never exist by themselves in nature and have ODD numbers

Answer 45

Alkyl

Question 46

C5h12 is ____

Answer 46

Methyl Butane

Question 47

The simplest unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one double bond in the chain - and these are called the ____. Example: C=C

Answer 47

Alkenes

Question 48

Another form of unsaturated hydrocarbs in which a triple bond exists between adjacent carbon atoms are referred to as the ____

Answer 48

Alkynes

Question 49

All organic compounds are classified as either ____ or ____. Straight chain carbon compounds are _____ (fatty) or _____.

Answer 49

Aliphatic Aromatic Aliphatic Open Chain Compounds

Question 50

The parent compound of all aromatics was ____.

Answer 50

Benzene

Question 51

A single bond uses the suffix ___ -

Answer 51

Ane

Question 52

A double bond uses the suffix ___ --

Answer 52

Ene

Question 53

A triple bond uses the suffix ___. ---

Answer 53

Yne

Question 54

____ and ____does NOT exist in nature...

Answer 54

Methene and Methyne

Question 55

____ is the type formula for alkenes and only works for a single double bond

Answer 55

CnH2n

Question 56

C2H2 or -C --- C- is known as ____ and it's common name is.

Answer 56

Ethyne Actylene

Question 57

CnH2n-2 is the type formula for ____

Answer 57

Alkynes

Question 58

Familiarity with the benzene ring is noted; and the derivatives of benzene: Methyl benzene --- also known as ____ Hydroxybenzene --- also known as ____

Answer 58

Toluene Phenol

Question 59

____ is the ability of an element to exist in more than one physical form

Answer 59

Allotropism

Question 60

____ is organic compounds that have the same molecular formulas, but different structural formulas

Answer 60

Isomerism

Question 61

____ is a variable length chain of carbon atoms which has lost a hydrogen

Answer 61

Radical

Question 62

_____ is a chemical that represents a specific class or family of a specific compounds

Answer 62

General Formula

Question 63

____ are saturated hydrocarbons with a single bond and it's type formula is CNH2n+2 such as ____ "marsh (swamp) gas" , _____ "natural gas" and ____ "BBQ gas".

Answer 63

Alkanes Methane Ethane Propane

Question 64

____ is an alkane which has lost a hydrogen with a type formula CNH2N+1 such as _____, ______, and _____.

Answer 64

Alkyl Methyl Ethyl Propyl

Question 65

____ are hydrocarbons which contain one or more halogen (salt formers) atoms such as ____, and _____ "carbon-tetrachloride"

Answer 65

Alkyl Halides Trichloromethane Tetrachloromethane

Question 66

_____ are hydrocarbons that has the presence of at least 1 multiple bond such as ____ "ethene" or ____

Answer 66

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Alkenes (CNH2n) Double Bonded Alkynes ( Triple Bonded between carbon atoms in the longest chain

Question 67

____ is any closed chain organic compound such as ____ with 6 carbons in its makeup with 3 double bonds between the 6 carbons

Answer 67

Aromatic Benzene

Question 68

_____organic compounds which contain one or more OH groups

Answer 68

Alcohols

Question 69

_____inhibit decomposition, destroy odor and eliminate their formation and inactivate enzymes. Components of embalming solutions that are used to inactive the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids

Answer 69

Preservatives

Question 70

CnH2n+2

Answer 70

Alkanes

Question 71

CnHn2+1

Answer 71

Alkyls

Question 72

CnH2n

Answer 72

Alkenes

Question 73

CnH2n-2

Answer 73

Alkynes