Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Exam 3: Muscles > Flashcards

Exam 3: Muscles Flashcards

(53 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Origin: Lumbar transverse processes; rib 12

Insertion: Iliac Crest

Nerve: Lumbar Plexus (T12-L4)

Action: Extends, laterally flexes vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Psoas Major

A

Origin: Vertebral bodies, IV discs and transverse
processes of T12; L1-5

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Nerve: Lumbar Plexus (L1, L2, L3)

Action: Flexes thigh; stabilizes trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Iliacus

A

Origin: Iliac fossa and crest

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Flexes hip; stabilizes trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Piriformis

A

Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous
ligament

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Nerve to piriformis (S1, S2)

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Obturator Internus

A

Origin: Deep surface of obturator membrane and
surrounding bone

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Nerve to obturator internus

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Obturator Externus

A

Origin: External surface of obturator membrane and
surrounding bone

Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur

Nerve: Obturator nerve

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Superior gemellus

A

Origin: Ischial spine

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Nerve to obturator internus

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Origin: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest of femur

Nerve: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Action: Laterally rotates thigh; stabilizes femoral head in
acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of ilium (posterior gluteal line);
posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx;
sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Iliotibial tract (which attaches to lateral condyle
of tibia); gluteal tuberosity of femur

Nerve: Inferior gluteal nerve

Action: Extends, laterally rotates thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Origin: External surface of ilium between anterior and
posterior gluteal lines

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve

Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis
level during walking (prevents contralateral
pelvic drop)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin: External surface of ilium between anterior and
inferior gluteal lines

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve

Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh; keeps pelvis
level during walking (prevents contralateral
pelvic drop)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tensor facsiae latae

A

Origin: ASIS; Iliac crest

Insertion: Iliotibial tract (which attaches to lateral condyle
of tibia)

Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve

Action: Flexes and medially rotates thigh; tenses the
fascia latae of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Origin: AIIS

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon (directly) & tibial
tuberosity via patellar ligament (indirectly)

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Flexes thigh; extends knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Origin: Greater trochanter of femur; lateral lip of linea
aspera

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon (directly) & tibial
tuberosity via patellar ligament (indirectly)

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Extends knee/leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Origin: Intertrochanteric line; medial lip of linea aspera

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon (directly) & tibial
tuberosity via patellar ligament (indirectly)

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Extends knee/leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin: Anterior & lateral surfaces of femoral diaphysis
(shaft)

Insertion: Patella via quadriceps tendon (directly) & tibial
tuberosity via patellar ligament (indirectly)

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Extends knee/leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin: ASIS

Insertion: Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh; flexes
leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pectineus

A

Origin: Superior pubic ramus

Insertion: Pectineal line of femur (inferior to lesser
trochanter)

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Action: Adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial
rotation of thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion: Medial surface of proximal tibia

Nerve: Obturator nerve

Action: Adducts thigh and flexes knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Adductor longus

A

Origin: Body of pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera - middle 1/3

Nerve: Obturator nerve

Action: Adducts thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Adductor brevis

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera - superior 1/3

Nerve: Obturator nerve

Action: Adducts thigh

23
Q

Adductor magnus - adductor part

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Ischiopubic ramus

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity and proximal linea aspera

Nerve: Obturator nerve

Action: Adducts and flexes thigh

24
Q

Adductor magnus - hamstring part

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Adductor tubercle of femur

Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve

Action: Adducts and extends thigh

25
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Medial surface of proximal tibia Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve Action: Extends hip and flexes knee
26
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve Action: Extends hip and flexes knee
27
Biceps femoris - long head
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Head of fibula Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve Action: Extends hip and flexes knee
28
Biceps femoris - short head
Origin: Linea aspera Insertion: Head of fibula Nerve: Common fibular division of sciatic nerve Action: Flexes knee
29
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Lateral head: lateral femoral condyle Medial head: popliteal surface of femur Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity - posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Flexes knee; plantar flexes foot
30
Soleus
Origin: Soleal line of tibia; posterior aspect of fibular head Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity - posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Powerful plantar flexor of the foot
31
Plantaris
Origin: Lateral supracondylar line of the femur Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity - posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Weak plantar flexor of the foot
32
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur; lateral meniscus Insertion: Posterior surface of proximal tibia; superior to soleal line Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: “Unlocks” knee(laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia)
33
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Medial side of posterior surface of tibia Insertion: Plantar surface of bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Flexes MTP, PIP, & DIP of lateral 4 toes; Plantar flexion of foot
34
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: Posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Plantar surface of distal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Flexes MTP & IP of hallux; Plantar flexion of foot
35
Tibialis posterior
Origin: Posterior surface of interosseous membrane, tibia and fibula Insertion: Primarily navicular; also cuneiforms, cuboid and 2nd-4th metatarsals Nerve: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion and inversion of foot
36
Tibialis anterior
Origin: Lateral condyle,lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane Insertion: Medial cuneiform;base of 1st metatarsal Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot
37
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Proximal 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane; Lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Extends lateral 4 digits; Dorsiflexes ankle
38
Extensor digitorum brevis
Origin: Dorsal surface of calcaneus Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-4 Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Assists extensor digitorum longus in extending digits 2-4
39
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin: Anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Base of distal phalanx and hallux Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Extends hallux; Dorsiflexes ankle
40
Extensor hallucis brevis
Origin: Dorsal surface of calcaneus Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Assists extensor hallucis longus in extending hallux
41
Fibularis tertius (Peroneus tertius)
Origin: Inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: Base of 5th metatarsal Nerve: Deep fibular nerve (also known as deep peroneal nerve) Action: Dorsiflexes ankle, assists in eversion of foot
42
Fibularis longus (Peroneus longus)
Origin: Head and superior 2/3 of lateral side of fibula Insertion: Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform Nerve: Superficial fibular nerve (also known as superficial peroneal nerve) Action: Everts foot; Weakly plantar flexes ankle
43
Fibularis brevis (Peroneus brevis)
Origin: Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula Insertion: Tuberosity at base of metatarsal 5 Nerve: Superficial fibular nerve (also known as superficial peroneal nerve) Action: Everts foot; Weakly plantar flexes ankle
44
Abductor hallucis (1st layer)
Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Medial plantar nerve Action: Abducts and flexes hallux
45
Flexor digitorum brevis (1st layer)
Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis Insertion: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5 Nerve: Medial plantar nerve Action: Flexes lateral 4 toes at proximal IP joints
46
Flexor hallucis brevis (3rd layer)
Origin: Cuboid, lateral cuneiform Insertion: Sides of proximal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Medial plantar nerve Action: Flexes MTP joint of hallux
47
Abductor digiti minimi (1st layer)
Origin: Calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis Insertion: Proximal phalanx of 5th digit Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Abducts / flexes digit 5
48
Quadratus plantae (2nd layer)
Origin: Plantar surface of calcaneus Insertion: Lateral side of tendon of flexor digitorum longus Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2- 5
49
Adductor hallucis (3rd layer)
Origin: Transverse Head - lateral 3 MTP joints Oblique Head - bases of metatarsals 2-4 Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of hallux Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Adducts hallux
50
Flexor digiti minimi brevis (3rd layer)
Origin: Base of 5th metatarsal Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 5 Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Flexes MTP joint of digit 5
51
3 Plantar Interossei (4th layer)
Origin: Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5 Insertion: Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of digits 3-5 Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Adduct digits 3-5 (PAD)
52
4 Dorsal Interossei (4th layer)
Origin: Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 Insertion: 1st - Medial side of proximal phalanx ofdigit 2 2nd - 4th - lateral sides of proximal phalanges of digits 2-4 Nerve: Lateral plantar nerve Action: Abduct digits 2-4 (DAB)
53
4 Lumbricals (4th layer)
Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Nerve: 1st - Medial plantar nerve 2nd-4th - Lateral plantar nerve Action: Flex MTP joint; extend IP joints

Anatomy (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions