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JT - Health Assessment > Exam 3 - Neuro > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Neuro Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

A scale used to assess a patient’s level of consciousness.

Total score ranges from 3 to 15.

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2
Q

What is the score for spontaneous eye opening in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

4

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3
Q

What is the score for eye opening to speech in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

3

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4
Q

What is the score for eye opening to pain in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

2

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5
Q

What is the score for no eye response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

1

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6
Q

What is the highest score for the best verbal response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

5

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7
Q

What is the score for a confused verbal response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

4

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8
Q

What is the score for inappropriate words in the best verbal response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

3

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9
Q

What is the score for incomprehensible sounds in the best verbal response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

2

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10
Q

What is the score for no verbal response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

1

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11
Q

What is the highest score for the best motor response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

6

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12
Q

What is the score for obeying commands in the best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

6

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13
Q

What is the score for moving to localized pain in the best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

5

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14
Q

What is the score for flexion withdrawal from pain in the best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

4

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15
Q

What is the score for abnormal flexion (decorticate) in the best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

3

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16
Q

What is the score for abnormal extension (decerebrate) in the best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

2

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17
Q

What is the score for no motor response in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A

1

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18
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve I (Olfactory)?

A

Sensory: Smell

Test by assessing the sense of smell.

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19
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve II (Optic)?

A

Sensory: Vision

Test by checking visual acuity.

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20
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve III (Oculomotor)?

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A

Motor: Pupillary reflex, extrinsic muscle movement of eye

Test by checking pupillary response and eye movement.

21
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve IV (Trochlear)?

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A

Motor: Eye muscle movement

Test by assessing downward and inward eye movement.

22
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve V (Trigeminal)?

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A

Both: Sensory impulses from face and motor action for teeth clenching.

Test by assessing sensation in different branches and clenching teeth.

23
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve VI (Abducens)?

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A

Motor: Extrinsic muscle movement of eye

Test by assessing lateral gaze.

24
Q

What is the function of cranial nerve VII (Facial)?

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A

Both: Facial expression, taste, lacrimation, salivation.

Test by smiling, frowning, and puffing cheeks.

25
What is the function of cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear)?
Sensory: Hearing and balance ## Footnote Test by assessing hearing and balance.
26
What is the function of cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal)?
Both: Taste, gag reflex, swallowing reflex. ## Footnote Test by assessing taste and the gag reflex.
27
What is the function of cranial nerve X (Vagus)?
Both: Innervates muscles for swallowing and talking. ## Footnote Test by assessing gag reflex and voice quality.
28
What is the function of cranial nerve XI (Accessory)?
Motor: Movement of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. ## Footnote Test by assessing shoulder shrug and head rotation.
29
What is the function of cranial nerve XII (Hypoglossal)?
Motor: Movement of tongue for swallowing and speech. ## Footnote Test by assessing tongue movement.
30
How to test the Biceps reflex?
Use the pointed side of the reflex hammer in the bend of the elbow.
31
How to test the Triceps reflex?
Use the pointed side of the reflex hammer just above the elbow.
32
How to test the Brachioradialis reflex?
Use the flat side of the hammer halfway between the elbow and wrist (anterior side).
33
How to test the Patellar reflex?
Use the flat side of the hammer just below the knee with the patient sitting and leg freely hanging.
34
How to test the Achilles reflex?
Use the flat side of the hammer against the Achilles tendon while holding the patient's foot, either sitting or laying.
35
How to test the Plantar/Babinski reflex?
Scrape the lateral edge of the bottom of the foot starting at the bottom and coming up and then medially.
36
How to test the Abdominal reflex?
Use a dull object (tongue blade) and scrape all four quadrants of the abdomen towards the navel.
37
What to assess for increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Assess level of consciousness (LOC), motor function, pupillary response, and vital signs.
38
What is considered elevated ICP?
Elevated ICP is 15-20 mmHg.
39
What controls the pupils?
Pupils are controlled by cranial nerve 3, brainstem, and midbrain.
40
What is the normal size and shape of pupils?
Normal size is 3-5 mm, and normal shape is round.
41
What does fixed dilated pupils indicate?
Fixed dilated pupils indicate increased ICP, prolonged diffuse hypoxia, or atropine.
42
What do pinpoint pupils indicate?
Pinpoint pupils indicate narcotics.
43
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
44
How many cervical spinal nerves are there?
There are 8 cervical spinal nerves.
45
How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?
There are 12 thoracic spinal nerves.
46
How many lumbar spinal nerves are there?
There are 5 lumbar spinal nerves.
47
How many sacral spinal nerves are there?
There are 5 sacral spinal nerves.
48
How many coccygeal spinal nerves are there?
There is 1 coccygeal spinal nerve.

JT - Health Assessment (12 decks)

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