(Exam 3) Opiates Flashcards
(24 cards)
endorphins
any endogenous compound w pharmacologic properties of morphine
opioid Rs + types
protein Rs upon which morphine acts: mu, kappa, and delta
opioid
any agonist with morphine-like activity
narcotic
any sleep-inducing drug
opium
exudate of the opium poppy (contains morphine and codeine as natural products)
opiate
drug derived from the opium poppy (analgesic)
where are the naturally occurring opioids from?
opium poppy and endogenous NT (endorphins)
mu R effects
analgesic, respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, anxiolytic, tranquility, cough suppression, reduced GI motility
kappa R effects
spinal analgesia, dysphoria, psychotomimetic effects, mild respiratory depression
are opiates GABA agonists?
no
where is the main moa?
mu R
what is R desensitization?
progressive failure of Rs to initiate signal after long-term binding
what happens to tolerance if a person uses intermittently?
little, if any tolerance; opioids retain efficacy
what is morphine used for?
chronic, intractable pain
where is clinical morphine injected?
directly into spinal fluid
how is abused morphine absorbed?
smoked or injected
how is heroin absorbed?
smoked or injected
how quickly does morphine cross the BBB?
slowly
how quickly does heroin cross the BBB?
rapidly
what happens when heroin is combined with cocaine?
intensified euphoria, reduced anxiety and paranoia, withdrawal depression reduced
what schedule is hydrocodone?
schedule 2
what is oxycodone used for?
pain when continuous, around the clock tx is needed
what is methadone used for?
prevention of wd in opioid-dependent persons and long-acting analgesic for treating chronic pain syndromes
what is naloxone (narcan) used for?
opioid reversal, treatment of alcoholism to reduce craving, may reduce opioid craving, treatment of autism, self-injurious behaviors, and BPD, chronically block opioid euphoria
