Exam 3 Part 3 Flashcards
Regularly split into small groups within a big group
Fission fusion social group
Why do howler monkeys howl?
Avoid fighting with other groups of howler monkeys
Involves breaking into things to search for food
Extractive foragers
Tree sap eaters
Exudates
1 female mates with multiple males; always has twins or triplets and multiple litters per year
Polyandrous
What is the origin of new world monkeys in South America?
Appear to have arrived to South America 30-35 million years ago, primates rafted from Africa to South America
What is some evidence for the rafting theory?
Similarities between African oligocene primates and basal platyrrhines, sea levels were lower and continents were closer
Narrow nose, presence of tail, ischial callosities, lately facing scapula, narrow chest
Cercopithecoidea (old world monkey)
Broad nose, no tail, larger brain, dorsally located scapula, broad chest
Hominoidea (apes)
Callused butt pad
Ischial callosities
Old world monkeys that are omnivorous, eats fruit, low cusped teeth
Cercopithecinae
Old world monkeys that have sharp teeth, eats leaves
Calobinae
Includes Sakis, bearded sakis, uakaris
Pitheciidae
What is the dental formula for pitheciidae?
2: 1 : 3 : 3 and specialized teeth for seeds
What is the diet for pitheciidae?
Seeds
Social group for pitheciidae?
Varies
Includes marmosets and tamarins
Callitrichidae
Where are New world monkeys located?
South America
Dental formula for callitrichidae?
2: 1 : 3 :2
What is the diet for callitrichidae?
Mainly sap and insects
What is the social group like for callitrichidae?
Polyandrous; paternal care within group
Includes capuchins
Cebidae
Dental formula for capuchins?
2 : 1 : 3 : 3
Diet for capuchins?
Fruit
