exam 3 review

Question 1

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.

Answer 1

long

Question 2

Where does hemopoiesis occur?

Answer 2

Red bone marrow

Question 3

Within which zone of the epiphyseal plate do cartilage cells undergo mitosis?

Answer 3

The second closest zone to the epiphysis

Question 4

Interstitial growth of cartilage increases its ______ and occurs in the _______ region of the cartilage.

Answer 4

length; internal

Question 5

In an adult, red bone marrow is found in all of the following bones except the

Answer 5

radius of forearm.

Question 6

In compact bone, ___________ connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes.

Answer 6

canaliculi

Question 7

Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol

Answer 7

stimulate osteoclasts to resorb bone and release calcium into the blood.

Question 8

What gives bone its flexibility?

Answer 8

Collagen fibers

Question 9

The skull consists of _____ cranial bones and _____ facial bones.

Answer 9

8, 14

Question 10

Transverse foramina are found in _____ vertebrae.

Answer 10

cervical

Question 11

The hard palate is composed of the

Answer 11

maxillary and palatine bones.

Question 12

At what location do the three bones of the os coxae fuse?

Answer 12

Acetabulum

Question 13

The _______ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones.

Answer 13

lambdoid

Question 14

Which bones comprise each pectoral girdle?

Answer 14

Scapula and clavicle

Question 15

How many pairs of ribs articulate (directly or indirectly) with the sternum?

Answer 15

10

Question 16

This figure shows the knee joint. Which number indicates the tibial collateral ligament?

Answer 16

3

Question 17

_____ synovial joints are diarthroses.

Answer 17

All

Question 18

Which is not correct regarding articulations?

Answer 18

All articulations contain some type of cartilage.

Question 19

The ________ joint is the simplest synovial joint and also the least mobile synovial joint

Answer 19

plane

Question 20

The acromioclavicular joint is part of the

Answer 20

shoulder

Question 21

The glenohumeral and hip joints are both ball-and-socket. Which feature of the hip joint makes it more stable than the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 21

Deeper joint socket

Question 22

Structurally, a syndesmosis is a _________ joint; functionally, it is a __________.

Answer 22

fibrous; amphiarthrosis

Question 23

If a heavy load is at one end of a lever, the distance between the fulcrum and that load is called the

Answer 23

resistance arm.

Question 24

When considering joints in the human body, the most common lever type is the

Answer 24

third-class lever.

Question 25

Which is not correct about spongy bone?

Answer 25

It is composed of tubular units called osteons.

Question 26

What helps bone resist compression?

Answer 26

Inorganic salts

Question 27

Hyaline cartilage contains a ______ percentage of water; cartilage cells reside in small spaces called ________.

Answer 27

high; lacunae

Question 28

Spongy bone

Answer 28

forms diploe in the cranial bones.

Question 29

Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

Answer 29

calcium, phosphate, and lipids.

Question 30

Place in correct order the following steps in the process of appositional growth of cartilage.

Answer 30

c. - d. - a. - b.

Question 31

During the process of endochondral ossification, chondrocytes in the cartilage model die. Why does this occur?

Answer 31

Nutrients cannot diffuse to the chondrocytes through the calcified matrix.

Question 32

Which bone forms by intramembranous ossification?

Answer 32

Zygomatic

Question 33

The epiphyseal plates in the _________ are the last ones in the body to ossify.

Answer 33

clavicle

Question 34

Chronically high levels of ___________ inhibit(s) bone growth.

Answer 34

serotonin

Question 35

Which is an accurate description of appositional bone growth?

Answer 35

Osteoblasts build bone at the circumferential lamellae while osteoclasts widen the medullary cavity.

Question 36

Calcitonin _________ osteoclast activity, which will _________ blood calcium levels.

Answer 36

inhibits; decrease

Question 37

A fracture parallel to the long axis of the bone is a(n) _________ fracture.

Answer 37

linear

Question 38

The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland is the

Answer 38

sella turcica.

Question 39

The hyoid bone is located between the

Answer 39

mandible and the larynx.

Question 40

The cervical and lumbar curvatures are ________ curves, and they arch ________.

Answer 40

secondary; anteriorly

Question 41

The ___________ of the scapula is the point where the medial and lateral borders meet.

Answer 41

inferior angle

Question 42

What bone(s) does the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 42

Scapula and sternum

Question 43

Which is not correct regarding the pelvis?

Answer 43

In anatomic position, the pubis is posterior and inferior to the ischium.

Question 44

On the os coxae, the ischial ramus is fused to the

Answer 44

inferior pubic ramus.

Question 45

The expanded distal end of the fibula is called the

Answer 45

lateral malleolus.

Question 46

A synarthrosis is

Answer 46

immobile.

Question 47

Gomphoses

Answer 47

are found only in tooth sockets.

Question 48

What type of cartilage is located between the bones in a symphysis?

Answer 48

Fibrocartilage

Question 49

Which is false regarding ligaments?

Answer 49

Intrinsic ligaments are thickenings of the articular cartilage.

Question 50

Which is not a function of synovial fluid?

Answer 50

Nourishes osteocytes

Question 51

What is the function of the cruciate ligaments in the knee joint?

Answer 51

Limit the movement of the femur on the tibia

Question 52

The coracoclavicular ligament is a ______ ligament that connects the clavicle to part of the _______.

Answer 52

strong; scapula

Question 53

The ligamentum teres of the hip extends from the

Answer 53

acetabulum to the head of the femur.