Exam #3 Review Flashcards
(27 cards)
What emotions are felt in early Infancy during the first 6 months?
Primary emotions: Surprise, interest, joy, anger, sadness, fear, and disgust
When do children start to feel Self-conscious emotions? When do they present these more often? What is it influenced by?
18 months/the second half of year 2; become more common around early childhood–influenced by parent’s response
Why do self-conscious emotions emerge later?
They need self-awareness, consciousness, and a sense of “me”; a sense of self becomes consolidated at around 18 months
What are some Self-conscious emotions?
Jealousy, empathy, embarrasment, pride, shame, and guilt
What is generalized distress and when does it occur?
Under 2 months of age babies have one discernible negative emotion: distress
What happens to distress by 2 months of age?
Facial expressions of anger or sadness can be differentiated from distress/pain in some contexts
What happens to distress by the second year?
Differentiating between infants’ anger and other negative emotions is no longer difficult
What is undifferentiated distress?
When young infants experience any negative emotion (anger and pain are not differentiated in most contexts)
When is stranger danger?
Emerges around 6 or 7 months, then intensifies and lasts until about age 2
When do fears arise?
around 6-7 months
Why does stranger danger arise?
When strangers no longer give the same comfort as familiar people
When do children give the most outbursts? For who?
1 1/2 years old! It drops off sharply after that; it peaks and drops for both girls and boys at this time! But girls have a much steeper fall
When do infants get the ability to minimize and inhibit negative emotions?
During the first year! They put their thumbs in their mouths, etc…
What happens to pride as children reach 3 years of age?
It becomes increasingly ties to their level of performance
What happens to the language of emotions around 2 and 4 years old?
Children increase the number of terms they use to describe emotions
What happens to learning about emotions around 2 and 4 years old?
They learn about causes and consequences of emotions
What happens to emotions around 4 and 5 years old?
They begin to show an increased ability to reflect on emotions and begin to understand that the same event can elicit different emotions in different people and show a growing awareness in the need to manage emotions to meet social standards
What happens by 5 years old?
Most can accurately identify emotions produced by challenging circumstances and ways to cope
When is early childhood?
Around 2 to 5 years old
What happens to emotions in middle to late childhood?
They have improved emotional understanding, improved ability to suppress or conceal negative emotional reactions, Use self-initiated strategies to redirect feelings, Increased tendency to take into fuller account the events leading to emotional reactions, and development of a capacity for genuine empathy
What happens in late childhood in around 10 years old
Most children are able to use cognitive strategies to cope with stress; generate more coping alternatives to stressful conditions, etc…
What could impact coping strategies in middle/late childhood?
If families have not been supportive and have been characterized by turmoil
What can cause acute stress in middle to late childhood?
A disaster!
What are some ways that you can help a child through acute stress?
Reassure children of their safety and security; allow them to retell events and be patient in listening; encourage children to talk about disturbing or confusing feelings, help children make sense of what happened, and protect children from re-exposure to reminders of the trauma and frightening situations
