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Physiology 2 Final Exam Review > Exam 3 Review > Flashcards

Exam 3 Review Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Interstitial cells of Cajal are associated with which of the following functions?

A

Pacemaker activity for smooth muscle cells

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2
Q

Which of the following serve as stimuli for the secretion of pepsinogen?

A

All of the above:

  • acid in stomach
  • vagus nerves
  • gastric enteric plexus
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3
Q

HCL secretion in the stomach is stimulated by histamine. Histamine is secreted by which of the following

A

Enterochromaffin cells

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4
Q

Which of the following seq is correct with regard to the sequences of layers making up from inside to outside?

A

Mucosa
Lamina propria
Submucosa
Circular muscle layer

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5
Q

T or F: The submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus is primarily responsible for regulating intestinal smooth muscle

A

False

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6
Q

Which of the following characterizes the ionic concentration of saliva during maximum secretion?

A

Sodium and chloride concentrations are higher than during normal secretion and potassium conc is less

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7
Q

Pepsinogen is secreted by which of the following cell types?

A

Chief cells

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8
Q

The external anal sphincter is innervated by which of the following?

A

Somatic innervations via the pudendal nerve

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9
Q

Which of the following is the main driving force for HCL secretion in the stomach?

A

Potassium-Hydrogen pump

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10
Q

Blood supply to the liver is via which of the following pathways?

A

A and B only

  • Portal vein
  • Hepatic arteries
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11
Q

Which of the following would NOT be responsible for tonic contractions in the gut wall?

A

Food in the gut lumen

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12
Q

In the mechanism for HCL secretion, which of the following ion exhangers DOES NOT require energy?

A

Bicarbonate - chloride exchanger

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13
Q

The gastrocolic reflex, enterogastric reflex, and colonileal reflex are examples of which of the following?

A

Reflexes from the gut to the prevertebral sympathetic ganglia and then back to the GI tract

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14
Q

Which of the following kinds of ion channesl are primarily responsible for action potentials in GI smooth muscle fibers?

A

Calcium

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15
Q

The voluntary stage of swallowing ends at which of the following locations?

A

Pharynx

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16
Q

Which of the following factors is not involved with heat production?

A

Sweating

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17
Q

Per molecule of glucose, how many CO2 molecules are released from Kreb cycle oxidative phos?

A

Four

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18
Q

T or F: Peripheral detection of temperature mainly concerns detecting cool and cold instead of warm temperatures

A

True

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19
Q

Heating which of the following areas results in profuse sweating, body wide cutaneous vasodilation, and inhibition of excess heat production?

A

Anterior hypothalamic/preoptic area

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20
Q

T or F: Cooling the ant hypothalamic area increases production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which leads to an increased output of thyroxine

A

True

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21
Q

The critical core body temp at which drastic changes occur in the rates of both heat loss and heat production called set point. This temp is

22
Q

Which of the following determines the set point at which sweating begins?

23
Q

T or F: A person can withstand several hours of temps of 130F if the air is 100% humidified

24
Q

Which of the following is/are a causative factor of fever?

Study These Flashcards
A

All of the above

  • brain abnormalities
  • surgery in the region of the hypothalamus
  • prostaglandins
  • lipopolysaccharide toxins
25
The ability of the hypothalamus to regulate temp is lost at which of the following temps?
85F
26
Which of the salivary glands is almost entirely serous in its secretions
Parotid
27
Which of the following BEST represents the most imp functional role of insulin in the body?
Controls from moment to moment whether fat or carbohydrate will be used by cells for energy
28
T or F: In the smooth musculature of the gut wall spike waves occur automatically when the resting membrane potential of the smooth muscle becomes more positive than about -40mV
True
29
Absorption of glucose into cells against a concentration gradient is dependent of the active transport of which of the following ions?
Sodium
30
For each molecule of glucose that is hydrolyzed in glycolysis, what is the net gain in ATPs?
Two
31
Regarding the chemiosmotic mechanism and ETC, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A strong positive potential is created in the inner matrix
32
Hydrogen ions generated in which of the following pathways are bound to NADP+ rather than NAD+?
Pentose phosphate pathway
33
Which of the following kinds of lipoproteins contain the highest conc of cholesterol
LDLs
34
In the conversion of fatty acids to acetyl-CoA, which of the following is used as a carrier molecule into the mitochondria
Carnitine
35
In the development of atherosclerotic plaques, which of the following are transformed into the characteristic foam cells?
Macrophages
36
T or F: When the substrate conc is high, the rxn rate is determined almost entirely by the concentration of the enzyme
True
37
In the urea (ornithine) cycle, which of the following reactions occurs in the mitochondria?
Ammonia + carbon dioxide --> carbamoyl phosphate
38
In protein synthesis, how many high energy phosphate bonds are needed to form one peptide linkage?
Four
39
Which of the following is the major rate-limiting factor for almost all energy metabolism in the body?
ADP
40
T or F: The space of Disse is found between the opposing faces of two columns of hepatic cells
False
41
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
The liver has a high blood flow and a low vascular resistance
42
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the metabolic syndrome associated with diabetes?
Peripheral neuropathy
43
The major pigment in bile is
Bilirubin
44
Heme is released from damaged RBCs and split into globin and heme by macrophages. Heme is then converted into which of the following by heme oxygenase?
Biliverdin
45
A higher than normal back pressure in hepatic veins may lead to the following conditions
Ascites
46
Which of the following increases resistance to blood flow in the liver?
Cirrhosis
47
Triglycerides enter the lymph from the intestinal epithelial cells as chylomicrons. Which of the following is absorbed to the chylomicron surface?
Apoprotein B
48
The conversion of ATP to ADP, as it occurs under conditions within the body, is best described as follows?
Exergonic; 12,000 cal/mole
49
The max number of ATPs derived from ox phos per glucose molecule is approx?
38
50
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of phosphocreatine
It can participate directly in energy transfer

Physiology 2 Final Exam Review (4 decks)

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