Exam 3 slides 2 Flashcards
mnemonist
Memory expert
Synesthesia
-Perception occurs in multiple sensory modalities
Working memory
-Short term memory
-Seconds to minutes range
-Limited capacity, requires attention to maintain
Long term memory
-Preserved in a semi permanent state
-Info can get into LTM in various ways
Long term memory phases
Information is
-Encoded
-Moves into storage
-Overtime it strengthens, this is called consolidation
-Retrieval is LTM recall
Divisions of memory
Sensory Memory: Someone tells you their name
Working memory: using their name in convo
Long term memory: You see them 2 weeks later
Forgetting: Failure of a stage of memory
Sensory Memory: They tell you their name but you don’t hear it
Working Memory: You learn their name but don’t use it again
Long term memory encoding: You never stored their name properly
Retrieval: Its on the tip of your tongue
Amnesias: pathological failure of memory
Retrograde Amnesia
-cant remember things that happened in the past
-Results from injury
Anterograde amnesia
-Cant form new memories
-Results from injury
Dementia
-Global deficits of cognitive ability
-Start with anterograde problems
-If severe can extend to retrograde
Vascular dementia
Problems with blood flow lead to brain damage
Alzheimers dementia
-Protein folding tissues lead to accumulation of brain damage
-Eventually see atrophy (wasting away)
Sedative hypnotic drugs
-Temporary anterograde amnesia
-Alcohol (blackouts)
-Sometimes wanted for surgery
Nootropic drugs
-Smart drugs
-Marketed as improving attention and focus
-Weak scientific evidence
-Occasionally prescribed for dementia
Brain during memory
-Memory results from connections in the brain, increased strengths of synapses
Ways to increase synaptic strength
-Increased NT release
-Decrease NT re uptake
-Increased postsynaptic receptors
Aplysia Californica Sea slug memory model
-Gill withdraw reflex if siphon touched
-Sensitization: If gill reflex is paired with electric shock to tail, can strengthen reflex
Molecular memory changes in aplysia
-Serotonin activates GCPRs
-G protein mediated intracellular stuff
-K+ channels close
-Longer depolarization phase of action potentials
-More glutamate released, increased excitation, stronger gill reflex
Long enough sensitization = long term memory, requires genetic transcription and translation
