Exam 3 - urinary mace Flashcards
(43 cards)
What are the 5 functions of the urinary system?
- Excretion of wastes
- Regulates
- blood volume- alters fluid loss
- blood composition- inorganic ion balance/pH balance
- Secretion hormones and enzymes
- Releases EPO in response to low O2
- calcitriol and renin
- Detoxifies free radicals/drugs
- Gluconeogenesis (during starvation)
Renal Corpuscle is made up of what 3 three things
- Glomerulus
- Visceral capsule layer, glomerular space
- Parietal capsule layer
Juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of what 2 things
Macula densa cells and granular cells of afferent arteriole JG cells
Where does filtration occur? in the renal cortex or renal Corpuscle?
The renal Corpuscle
describe the blood flow through the kidney
Renal artery—> segmental a—> arcuate a—-> interlobular a—-> afferent arteriole—> glomerulus—efferent arteriole—–> Peritubular capillaries and vasa recta—-> interlobular V—-> arcuate V—-> interlobular v—-> Renal V
When fluid is in the capsular space it is know as?
Filtrate
When fluid is in either the, PCT, descending limb, ascending limb, DCT, collecting tubules, collecting duct
Tubular Fluid
When is fluid considered urine?
The second it enters the papillary duct
Does glomerular filtration move in both directions (from blood to capsular space/ from capsular space into blood)?
Nope, substances only move from the blood within the glomerulus into the capsular space.
when forming urine, the secretion part occurs everywhere but one location. Where does secretion not occur?
in the glomerulus
the ______ of a podocyte control the size of filtration slits.
Pedicles
The endothelium blocks __________ whereas the basement membrane blocks ___________.
- formed elements
2. large proteins
What substances are able to go through the filtration membrane?
- water
- glucose
- Amino acids
- ions
- urea
- Many hormones
- Vitamin B and C
- Ketones
Even though albumin is a small protein why can it not go through capular space?
because it has a negative charge
out of the following which is the dominant factor for net filtration rate?
A. Glomerular hydrostatic pressure
B. Blood colloid osmotic pressure
C. Capsular hydrostatic pressure
A
Will angiotensin II increase or decrease GFR?
Decrease
Will ANP increase or decrease GFR
Increase
Which of the following factors will increase glomerular filtration rate? 1. increased blood pressure 2. dilation of afferent arteriole 3. increased capsular hydrostatic pressure 4. reduced blood colloid osmotic pressure
1 and 3 only 1 and 4 only 1,2,3 only 1,2,and 4 all of the above none of the above
1, 2, and 4
Which of the following will increase glomerular filtration rate? 1. constriction of efferent arteriole 2. increased sympathetic nerve activity 3. increased blood colloid osmotic pressure 4. atrial natriuretic peptide
1 and 3 only 1 and 4 only 1,2, and 3 only 1,2 and 4 all of the above none of the above
1 and 4
Which of the following factors will decrease glomerular filtration rate? 1. decreased hydrostatic pressure 2. dilation of afferent arteriole 3. decreasing capsular hydrostatic pressure 4. blockage of the ureter
1,2, and 3 only
2,3, and 4 only
1,3, and 4 only
1 and 4 only
1 and 4
Renin will _____ glomerular filtration.
increase
decrease
decrease
will contraction of mesangial cells increase or decrease GFR
Decrease
As the osmotic pressure of the blood _____ ADH is released.
increases
decreases
increases
What two effects does ANP have on the nephron?
Vasodilation of afferent arteriole and relaxation os mesangial cells.
