Exam 4 Flashcards
(49 cards)
Parasites as prey
Things that exist as large numbers are food for other species
- another creature can feed
- organisms that eat parasites because compatibility filter are closed, they can be eaten
majority of environments
parasites play nonlegable roles in food webs
Metabolic theory
relationship between body size and reprodoctive rate
- larger organisms require more energy
Smaller organisms with higher metabolic rate
lose heat faster but require fewer resources
Parasites are outliers of metabolic theory
Parasites interact with other stressors to modulate host fitness
Temporary are more stressful environments. orgs could try to compete with water is drying
Control
infection/Transmission vs. Morbidity
- Elimination of disease
as a public health problem
- Elimination of infections
in a defined geographic area
- Eradication
no longer “out there”
- Extinction
no longer ANYWHERE
Why should we seek to eliminate parasitic disease?
expensive and vicious cycle of disease
role of human condition in parasitic transmission
- disease of poverty
- lack of access to adequate sanitation
Access to water, sanitation, hygeine…
critical for all parasitic disease with fecal-oral (trophoc accident) transmission to and/or from humans
(3) the toles of human behavior in oarasitic transmission
- dietary choices, eating raw meat/fish
- use of human feces for fertilizer
- use of raw animal flesh as poultice
(4) How to prevent trophically transmitted infections
- modern farming practices + food inspections
- cook at meat
- no consumption of game
- going veg(etari)an
Anasakiasis
- nematode infection
- L3 larvae penetrate human stomach lining after comsumption
- fishing, when they didnt gut first, they got sick
(2) targeting vectors to control vector borne disease
- behavioral interventions - teach humans to avoid bites
- improve dwellings - screens on windows, rood made w/ non infestive material
biological control (targeting vectors to control vector borne diseases
introduce (or increase abundance) of a species that will kill the vector
Biological control consequences
becomes invasive when they have no natural predators
Tse Tse flies
blue colors in mesh that has insecticide attracts flies that has T. brucei gambiense
transgenic vectors
- reducing pop. fecundity
- making the vectors resistant to infection
inducible toxin expression
tet repressor prevents expression of a dominant lethal gene in males
in the absence of tetracycline, males die
why are there more anti-parasitic vaccines available to vetinary use
safety thresholf is lower than for human vaccines
