exam 4 Flashcards
(20 cards)
two people associated with development of cognitive therapy
aaron beck and albert ellis
ellis’ abcde model
- activating event
- belief
- emotional consequence
- dispute
- effective new belief
all or nothing thinking
irrationally evaluating everything either as wonderful or terrible
catastrophizing
expecting the worst in the future, when it’s unlikely to occur
magnification/minimization
for negative events: making everything a bigger deal
for positive events: playing down importance
personalization
assuming excessive responsibility for negative events
overgeneralization
applying lessons learned from negative experiences more broadly than warranted
mind reading
presuming to know what others are thinking
beck’s belief argument
our beliefs are hypotheses. a good way to expose a belief as illogical is to “put it to the test”
goal of cognitive therapy
logical thinking
therapists believe that the way we think about events determines the way we will respond
two-step model of emotions
event -> feeling
three-step model of emotions
event -> cognition -> feeling
our interpretation influences our mood
why is it helpful to label thoughts as illogical?
allows client to dismiss them and replace them with more adaptive and logical thoguhts
homework in cognitive therapy
includes “experiments” in the form of homework. these assignments need to be carefully designed so they effectively refute illogical thoughts. if assignment confirms illogical beliefs, it could backfire
typical structure of cognitive therapy session
- check on client’s mood and solicit brief updates on recent events
- set and confirm agenda for current session
- establish link to previous session, often be reviewing previous homework assignment
- progress thru body of session. proceeding step by step thru agenda
- develop and assign new homework
- summarize current session; solicit client feedback
mindfulness approach
changing individual’s relationship to their thoughts rather than trying to change thoughts themselves
acceptance and commitment therapy
- accepting one’s own inner experiences for what they are and nothing more
- choosing directions in life based on one’s core values which will enhance life’s meaning and purpose
- taking action in matters large and small that are consistent with one’s values
does cognitive therapy work?
short answer yes
dialectical behavior therapy
important skills taught include emotion regulation, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, mindfulness skills. originally used to treat BPD
functionalism
family therapists believe that although psychological symptoms may appear maladaptive, they are
