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Applied Exercise Physiology > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular power

A

Rate of performing work
Power = force x velocity
Force = muscle strength
Velocity = distance/time

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2
Q

Muscular endurance

A

Capacity to perform repeated muscle contracts or to sustain a single contraction over time

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3
Q

Five principles of exercise training

A 
Individuality 
Specificity
Reversibility
Progressive overload
Variation
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4
Q

Principle of individuality

A

Each individual is physiologically unique, the acute and chronic responses to exercise will differ among individuals

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5
Q

Principle of specificity

A

The physiological adaptations to exercise training depend on the specific mode and intensity of training

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6
Q

Principle of reversibility

A

Training elicits reversible changes in physiological function that allow for improved performance

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7
Q

Principle of progressive overload

A

In order to induce changes in the physiological function, there must be increased demands on the body

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8
Q

Principle of variation

A

Continually changing the training intensity volume and/or mode provides a constant training stimulus for adaptation and peak performance

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9
Q

Rate coding

A

Increased frequency of action potentials propagated along somatic motor neurons

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10
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in muscle size

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11
Q

Transient hypertrophy

A

Edema formation from plasma fluid but disappears within hours

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12
Q

Chronic hypertrophy

A

Reflects actual structural change in muscle

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13
Q

Muscle hypertrophy in humans

A

Muscle fiber hypertrophy

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14
Q

Satellite cells

A

Myoglobin stem cells involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

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15
Q

Cardio respiratory endurance

A

Ability to sustain prolonged dynamic whole-body exercise using large muscle groups

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16
Q

VO2max

A

Highest rate of oxygen consumption attainable during maximal exhaustive exercise

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17
Q

Cardiac hypertrophy

A

Increase in heart size

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18
Q

Resistance training

A

Characterized by high after load and concentric hypertrophy adaptations

19
Q

Aerobic training

A

Characterized by high venous return, stroke volume, and eccentric hypertrophy resulting in increased contractility, SV, CO

20
Q

Volume loading effect

A

Expanded LV internal diameter over time from chronic stretch

21
Q

Interval training

A

Repeated bouts of high/moderate intensity interspersed with rest or active recovery intervals
More total exercise completed

22
Q

High intensity interval training (HIIT)

A

Time efficient way to increase cardio respiratory fitness

23
Q

Continuous training

A

Continuous activity without rest intervals

24
Q

Interval-circuit training

A

Combined interval and circuit training for greater cardiovascular overload

25
Q

Plyometrics

A

Stretch-shortening cycle exercise

26
Q

Acute overload

A

Average training load

27
Q

Undertraining

A

Insufficient stimulus for adaptation and optimal performance not achieved

28
Q

Overreaching

A

Short-term performance decrements then benefit

29
Q

Overtraining

A

Maladaptations and decreased performance

30
Q

Detraining

A

Loss of training induced adaptations

31
Q

Body composition

A

Quantification of body’s chemical and molecular composition

32
Q

Fat mass

A

The amount of total body mass made up of body fat

33
Q

Essential fat

A

Contributes to normal biological functions

34
Q

Fat free mass

A

All other body tissues

35
Q

Lean body mass

A

FFM + essential fat

Everything that isn’t storage fat

36
Q

Brown adipose tissue

A

Non-shivering heat thermogenesis

Increases energy expenditure through heat loss

37
Q

Densitometry

A

Hydrostatic weighing

38
Q

Dual X-ray absorptiometey

A

DEXA

quantifies bone density, bone mineral content, and fat mass

39
Q

Air plethymography

A

Measures air displacement

40
Q

Skinfold measurements

A

Measures skinfold thickness at a minimum of three sites

41
Q

Bioelectric impedance analysis

A

Measures how quickly a small electrical current passes from proximal to distal sites

42
Q

MRI and CT scans

A

Quantification of adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and other internal tissues/organs

43
Q

Muscular strength

A

Maximal force that a muscle or muscle group can generate

Applied Exercise Physiology (1 decks)

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