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Exercise Psychology > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

The process whereby an individual is able to perceive, recognize, or understand thoughts and ideas.

A

Cognitive function

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2
Q

What are the 4 parts of cognitive function?

A

Organization and planning
Problem solving
Recognition and memory
Reaction time

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3
Q

Cognitive functions that are oriented toward goal-directed behavior.

A

Executive Control Processes

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4
Q

Executive Control Processes _______ with age

A

decrease

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5
Q

what is the last part of the brain to fully develop?

A

Pre-frontal (21)

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6
Q

Most research on the brain occurs where?

A

Pre-frontal Area

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7
Q

Exercise particularly affects _______ function.

A

Executive

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8
Q

_______ is important for memory formation.

A

Hippocampus

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9
Q

Significant power augmentation in the Prefrontal cortex where?

A

Fp1, F3, F4

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10
Q

What part of your brain is used for working memory?

A

Pre-frontal cortex

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11
Q

Process by which neurons are generated from the neural stem cells and progenitor cells.

A

Neurogenesis

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12
Q

At what age do we test people for new neurons?

A

65

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13
Q

_____ - exercise training improves memory function.

A

aerobic

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14
Q

Active elderly people have more _______ and better ____.

A

neurons

memory

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15
Q

How often should elderly exercise to improve memory?

A

3 times per week

30 minutes per session

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16
Q

Where do neurons grow?

A

Hippo Campus

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17
Q

Higher cardiovascular endurance = ?

A

higher hippo campus size

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18
Q

Benefits of exercise on memory function hard to measure for which age group

A

College-age

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19
Q

Neural network involved with executive control processes

A

Attentional network

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20
Q

_______ is related with conflicting attentional tasks.

A

Anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG)

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21
Q

_____ measures ACG activity

A

event related potential (ERP)

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22
Q

Higher aerobic fitness = _____ P300 amplitudes and _____ P300 latency

A

higher

shorter

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23
Q

P300 means?

A

after 300 milliseconds

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24
Q

As you age, your brain….

A

loses gray and white matter

atrophy of brain decreases cognitive function

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25
Fitness has a _____ effect on brain tissue.
sparing
26
What kind of exercise for older adults?
Aerobic, strength, flexibility
27
How long of exercise for older adults?
more than 30 minutes
28
Which process is most benefited from elderly exercise?
executive
29
CDC Report
Association between PE and academic performance
30
Fit children have ______
more effective brains
31
Whether or not fitness causes better functioning brains in children can/cannot be determined?
cannot
32
Children see an increase in brain activity after a ___ minute____.
10 | walk
33
Youth cognitive benefits
Academic achievement
34
Adult cognitive benefits
Memory decline
35
Cognitive benefits for both
Reaction time Learning/ Intelligence scores Cognitive Function
36
Brain blood flow causes?
Cerebral capillary growth | Oxygenation
37
Regulation of neurotransmitters causes?
Synaptic plasticity | Brain-Derived neurotrophic factors
38
The formation of blood vessels
Angiogenesis
39
Can angiogenesis occur in adults?
Yes
40
Psychological Mechanisms
Self-esteem | Improvements in motor skills
41
Suggested Hypotheses
1. Selective improvement 2. Cardiovascular fitness 3. Cerebrovascular reserve
42
High intensity exercise benefits?
Speed of processing
43
Moderate intensity of exercise is most beneficial for
executive function
44
How long for cognitive dysfunction?
20 minutes
45
What type of exercise for cognitive dysfunction?
Aerobic, resistance training, balance, yoga
46
Sate of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Health
47
Optimal health and vitality
Wellness
48
Optimal health includes high-level
``` mental social emotional spiritual physical wellness ```
49
How many unhealthy days?
10
50
Subjective and objective evaluations of the "goodness" of one's life overall
Quality of life
51
The goodness of those dimensions of life that can be affected by health.
Health-Related Quality of Life
52
4 Dimensions of HRQoL
1. Psychological 2. Social Relationships 3. Environment 4. Physical Health
53
Which perception is most important for health-related outcomes?
Subjective
54
Average life expectancy
77
55
Average healthy life
64
56
Health Related Physical Fitness (5)
1. Cardiovascular endurance 2. Muscular endurance 3. Muscular strength 4. Flexibility 5. Body comp
57
Skill Related Physical Fitness (6)
1. Agility 2. Balance 3. Coordination 4. Speed 5. Power 6. Reaction Time
58
_______ disease caused by too little activity.
Hypokinetic
59
Cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes are examples of what?
Hypokinetic disease
60
Ability to do the physical activities one wants to do without pain or limitation
Functional health
61
Two components of functional health
ADL's | IADL's
62
HRQoL can be improved by
exercise
63
Who do we study HRQoL on
Healthy People Health-compromising conditions Special populations
64
HRQoL Dimensions most likely effected by exercise (5)
``` Physical functioning Health status Emotional well-being Social Functioning Cognitive functioning ```
65
To experience HRQoL benefits, ______ responses are most important.
subjective
66
HRQoL improves ______.
self efficacy
67
In order for exercise to enhance HRQoL..... Individuals must
perceive improvements Realize value of exercise Various types of activity
68
``` Dimensions of wellness and health: * engaging in rewarding activities * having satisfying work * making good use of time (Physical) (social) (occupational) (intellectual) (spiritual) (emotional) ```
Occupational
69
``` Dimensions of wellness and health: * being curious * exploring new skills * sharing knowledge and experience (Physical) (social) (occupational) (intellectual) (spiritual) (emotional) ```
Intellectual
70
``` Dimensions of wellness and health: * finding meaning in life * appreciating life,joy and beauty * practicing your faith (Physical) (social) (occupational) (intellectual) (spiritual) (emotional) ```
Spiritual
71
Dimensions of wellness and health:Out of all dimensions what is the most important?(Physical) (social) (occupational) (intellectual) (spiritual) (emotional)
Physical
72
Preventive Effect of Exercise: Prevention of risk factors * Maintain health status, prevent new health conditions. (Primary) (Secondary) (Tertiary)
Primary
73
Preventive Effect of Exercise: Prevention of disease once risk factors are present. * Directed at early diagnosis and intervention (Primary) (Secondary) (Tertiary)
Secondary
74
Preventive Effect of Exercise: Reduction in the amount of disability caused by disease * Goal is minimizing effects of disease or disability. (Primary) (Secondary) (Tertiary)
Tertiary
75
_________ __________: * Teach people behavioral skills to help initiate and maintain an activity program. Physical activity behavior changes: * Process-> takes time to change * progress forward and backward through stages * Stage specific strategies are more successful at modifying behavior.
Behavioral Approaches
76
SMART model
S- Specific * Walk 30 min/day, 5 days a week M- Measurable * I will record how long i walked and the date of each walk. A- Achievable * Yes, I will increase the amount of time i walk each week, until i reach 30 min/day R- Rewarding * Yes, i will see many health benefits that are important to me T- Time ​Is my timeline doable?
77
__________ __ ______:Changes in helath and fitness status: * A person doesn't need to experience significant objective improvements in order to derive HRQoL- enhancing benefits(subjective responses) Changes in Self-Efficacy: * Exercise might improve HRQoL by enhancing individual's belief that they can control their health.
Mechanisms of Change
78
National Wellness Goals:Healthy people 2010: Increase the span of "healthy Life" Eliminate health disparities Increase access to information & services for all people.
Increase the span of "healthy Life" Eliminate health disparities Increase access to information & services for all people.
79
_____-__-_______ prompts | * posters that prompt you to engage in healthy behaviors.
Point-of-decision

Exercise Psychology (1 decks)

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