Exam 4—HEENT & MSK Flashcards
(70 cards)
1
Q
epistaxis
A
nosebleed
2
Q
Exophthalmos
A
bulging eyes
hyperthyroidism
3
Q
Scleroderma
A
hardening of connective tissue - tight, hardened, shiny skin
4
Q
acromegaly caused by…
A
excessive GH from pituitary
5
Q
bell’s palsy affects CN__
A
7 - facial
6
Q
A
mastoid process
7
Q
A
anterior cervical triangle
8
Q
A
posterior cervical triangle
9
Q
A
tragus
10
Q
shortened SCM muscle in babies causing their neck to be twisted
A
torticollis
11
Q
keeps tongue anchored to floor of mouth
A
frenulum
12
Q
CN facial sensation
A
V - trigeminal
13
Q
CN facial movement
A
VII - facial
14
Q
CN neck, shoulder movement
A
XI - spinal accessory
15
Q
HEENT
A
head
eyes
ears
neck
throat
16
Q
A
parotid gland
17
Q
parotid enlargement indicates…
A
mumps
18
Q
A
submandibular gland
19
Q
A
sublingual gland
20
Q
lymph nodes of head/neck (10)
A
- preauricular
- posterior auricular
- occipital
- superficial cervical
- deep cervical
- posterior cervical
- supraclavicular
- tonsillar
- submental
- submandibular
21
Q
location of thyroid
A
Below cricoid cartilage (Adam’s apple), above tracheal rings
22
Q
Cushing’s syndrome
A
excess cortisol from adrenals; steroid use - fat redistribution, rounded face, increased body hair
23
Q
excess CSF
A
hydrocephalus
24
Q
enlarged left supraclavicular node indicates…
A
metastasis from thorax/abdomen
25
muscle weakness
irritability
decreased weight
heat intolerance
irregular menses
flushed skin
hyperthyroidism
26
muscle weakness
apathy, depression
increased weight
increased sleep
cold intolerance
coarse dry skin
hypothyroidism
27
seizure interventions (9)
bed low
3 rails up
padded rails
side lying
pillow under head
suction available
privacy
time with watch
DO NOT restrain
28
landmarks for assessing thyroid
hyoid
cricoid cartilage
isthmus of thyroid
29
an audible vascular sound associated with turbulent blood flow
bruit
30
area in anterior nasal cavity associated with epistaxis
Kiesselbach plexus
31
precancerous discoloration of mouth
leukoplakia
32
transillumination
shining light through sinuses
33
turbinates
34
carries saliva from sublingual & submandibular glands
wharton ducts
35
carries saliva from parotid
stensen ducts
36
dry mouth
xerostomia
37
geographic tongue
38
taste buds
papillae
39
CNI
function
how to assess
olfactory
smell
smell test
40
CNV
function
how to assess
trigeminal
facial sensation & mastication
sensation test & palpate TMJ
41
CNVII
function
how to assess
facial
sensation anterior ⅔ of tongue - facial movement
facial expressions
42
CNIX
function
how to assess
glossopharyngeal
sensation posterior ⅓ of tongue - motor of pharynx
gag reflex - swallow
43
CNX
function
how to assess
vagus
sensation of pharynx - motor of soft palate
gag reflex - uvula moving with phonation
44
CNXII
function
how to assess
hypoglossal
tongue movement
stick out tongue - strength of tongue on cheek
45
risks factors for oropharyngeal cancer (9)
smoking/tobacco
betel nuts
heavy alcohol
HPV
UV light
male
fair skin
poor oral hygiene
weak immune system
46
more difficult nosebleeds to treat
posterior in the nasal cavity
47
tonsils grading system
1-4
1 = visible
2 = midway between pillars & uvula
3 = touching uvula
4 = touching one another
48
cheilosis
49
canker sore
50
b12 deficiency
51
genu varum
52
genu valgum
53
temporal mandibular joint
54
Crackling or grating sound caused by bones rubbing against each other, also called creaky joints
crepitus
55
partial dislocation
subluxation
56
total lack of tone
atony
57
decrease in size of a body part, cell, organ, or other tissue
atrophy
58
low muscle tone
hypotonicity
59
brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin
fasciculation
60
anatomical snuff box
61
muscular bulge on the radial side of the palm
thenar eminence
62
golfer's elbow, baseball elbow, suitcase elbow, or forehand tennis elbow
epicondylitis
63
used to measure degree of a joint
goniometer
64
morse scale purpose
fall risk
65
muscle grading scale
0 = no contraction
1 = flickering
2 = full ROM with gravity
3 = full ROM against gravity
4 = full ROM against gravity w/ minimal resistance
5 = full ROM against gravity w/ maximal resistance (_normal_)
66
how to assess for carpal tunnel
_Phalen test_ - put backs of hands together - pain is positive
_Tinel test_ - direct percussion on median nerve - pain is positive
_Flick test_ - pt flicks hands
_Thumb test_
67
tests for fluid in the knee
_bulge_ - press on knee, look for bulging on other side (small amts edema)
_ballotment_ - push fluid down onto patella - look for rebound (large amts edema)
68
test for meniscus tears
McMurray's
leg should extend from knee w/o pain
69
mcmurray test
70
MSK order of exam
inspection
palpation
ROM
muscle testing
