Exam 4: Hygience/Skin Integrity

Question 1

what is alopecia

Answer 1

baldness

Question 2

what is caries

Answer 2

cavities of the teeth

Question 3

what is cerumen

Answer 3

wax in external ear canals consisting of a heavy oil and brown pigment

Question 4

what is gingivitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the gigivae or gums

Question 5

what is halitosis

Answer 5

bad breath

Question 6

what is edentulous

Answer 6

no teeth

Question 7

what is stomatitis

Answer 7

inflammation of the oral mucosa

Question 8

what is neuropathy

Answer 8

loss of feeling; numbness in limbs

Question 9

what is pruritus

Answer 9

itching

Question 10

what is ecchymosis

Answer 10

bruise

Question 11

what is the function of the epidermis?

Answer 11

prevents entrance of microorganisms, allows for evaporation, protects skin against dehydration, permits absorption of topical medication

Question 12

what is the function of the dermis?

Answer 12

provides tensile strength, provides mechanical support, protects underlying muscles, bone and organs, collagen-tough fibrous protein, contains blood vessels and nerves

Question 13

what is the function of the subcutaneous tissue?

Answer 13

anchors skin layers, consists of adipose tissue and connective tissue, stores fat for energy, serves as an insulator and cushioning

Question 14

What are some functions of the skin and mucous membranes?

Answer 14

protection, temperature regulation, sensation, Vitamin D production, breaks in the skin trigger immune system, absorption, elimination

Question 15

What is purulent drainage?

Answer 15

pus

Question 16

what is the separation of the layers of a surgical wound; may be partial, superficial or complete disruption of surgical wound

Answer 16

dehiscence

Question 17

what is protrusion of the viscera through an incision

Answer 17

evisceration

Question 18

what is an abnormal passage from an internal organ to the skin or from one internal organ to another

Answer 18

fistula

Question 19

What is the process of being rendered free from moisture; dehydration?

Answer 19

desiccation

Question 20

What is softening through liquid; overhydration

Answer 20

maceration

Question 21

drainage containing blood

Answer 21

sanguineous

Question 22

drainage composed of clear

Answer 22

serous

Question 23

drainage composed of mixture of serum and RBC

Answer 23

serosanguineous

Question 24

what is the phase of wound healing that occurs immediately after the initial injury

Answer 24

hemostasis

Question 25

what is the phase of wound healing that lasts about 4-6 days; mildly elevated temp, pain and redness, fatigur

Answer 25

Inflammation phase

Question 26

what is the phase of wound healing that lasts for several weeks; new tissue froms the foundation for scar tissue development

Answer 26

Proliferation phase

Question 27

what is the phase of wound healing that begins about 3 weeks after injury possibly continuing for months/years; creates a scar

Answer 27

maturation phase

Question 28

what factors affect hygiene?

Answer 28

social practices, personal preferences, social economic status, cultural variables, physical conditions, cognitive issues

Question 29

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in neonates?

Answer 29

immature, layers loosly bound together, very thin, friction causes bruising, increased risk for infection

Question 30

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in toddlers?

Answer 30

layers more tightly bound, decreased risk for infection and skin irritation, risks due to more play and absence of hygienic habits

Question 31

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in adolescence?

Answer 31

Girls:estrogen increases vascularity Boys: increased thickness and darkening in color Sebaceous and sweat glands more active

Question 32

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in adult

Answer 32

elastic, well-hydrated, firm, smooth, depends on hygienic practices and environmental irritants

Question 33

what type of ulcer is long term, chronic condition; blood can get to feet, but can't get back up

Answer 33

Venous Stasis Ulcer

Question 34

what type of ulcer is poor circulation; capillary refill is > 3 seconds, blood doesnt get down to the feet

Answer 34

Arterial Ulcer

Question 35

an ulcer that results when an area of the body (usually a bony prominence) is pressed against a hard surface and has reduced or totally occluded blood vessels for a period of time resulting in lack of oxygen to the tissues

Answer 35

Pressure Ulcer

Question 36

The higher the braden scale number the (less or greater) the risk is for having skin breakdowns?

Answer 36

less

Question 37

Stage of ulcer where the skin in intact, nonblanchable redness of localized area; area may be painful, firm, soft, warmer or cooler as compared to rest of tissue

Answer 37

Stage 1

Question 38

Stage of ulcer where there's a partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow ulcer with slough, not skin tear, but a blister, or crater

Answer 38

Stage 2

Question 39

Stage of ulcer where there's full thickness loss of tissue; subcutaneous fat may be visible; but bone tendon and muscle are not exposed; undermining and tunneling may be present

Answer 39

Stage 3

Question 40

Stage of ulcer where theres full thickness loss of tissue with exposed bone, tendon, muscle

Answer 40

Stage 4

Question 41

Stage that has full thickness loss but the base is covered by slough or eschar and until the slough and eschar are removed stage can't be determined

Answer 41

Unstageable

Question 42

What is normal Hgb(Hemoglobin)?

Answer 42

12-18

Question 43

What is normal Hct(Hematocrit)

Answer 43

36-54%

Question 44

What is normal transferrin?

Answer 44

200-350

Question 45

what is normal FBS?

Answer 45

70-105

Question 46

What is normal albumin?

Answer 46

3.5-5.0