Exam 4th Quarted

Question 0

What is the source of all waves

Answer 0

Vibration

Question 1

What is a wave

Answer 1

A transfer of energy without the transfer of mass

A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place

Question 2

Where do waterwaves travel along

Answer 2

The surface

Question 3

What is meant by the term, medium

Answer 3

The matter or substance through which a wave is transmitted

Waves travel through the medium in a straight line

Question 4

What are mechanical waves

Answer 4

Waves that require a medium to travel

Question 5

What are electromagnetic waves

Answer 5

Waves that do not require a medium to travel
They disturbed electric and magnetic fields (The seven forms of electromagnetic energy: Microwaves, ultraviolet, gamma rays, visible light, radio waves, infrared rays and x-rays

Question 6

How are mechanical waves classified

Answer 6

By how they move

Question 7

What are the two types of mechanical waves

Answer 7

Transverse and longitudinal

Question 8

What are transverse waves

Answer 8

The motion of the medium is at right angles to the direction of the wave; Direction of the wave is perpendicular to the motion of the wave

Question 9

Give at least one example of a transverse waves

Answer 9

Rope light electromagnetic waves

Question 10

What is the crest of a wave

Answer 10

Highest point on a wave; The maximum displacement upward

Question 11

What is the trough of a wave

Answer 11

Lowest point on it wave; The maximum displacement downward

Question 12

What are longitudinal waves

Answer 12

Consist of a series of compressions and rarefactions; The medium is parallel to the direction of a wave
The motion of the wave is parallel to the direction of the wave

Question 13

What is an example of a longitudinal wave

Answer 13

Sound

Question 14

What are the four characteristics that all waves have

Answer 14

Amplitude, wavelength, frequency, speed

Question 15

What is amplitude

Answer 15

The maximum distance that the particles of the medium carrying a wave move from the rest position
Tells you how much energy a wave has

Question 16

What is wavelength

Answer 16

The distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs measured in meters or centimeters uses the Greek symbol Lambda

Question 17

What is frequency

Answer 17

The number of complete waves or cycles per-unit of time
1Hz= One cycle per second
1Hz = One wave/second

Question 18

What unit is frequency measured in

Answer 18

Unit=Hz hertz

Question 19

How do you calculate the speed of the wave

Answer 19

Speed = wavelength x frequency

Speed equals meters X hertz= m/sec

Question 20

What is reflection

Answer 20

The interaction that a wave has when it bounces back from a hard surface

Question 21

What is the law of reflection

Answer 21

This law states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

Question 22

What is diffraction

Answer 22

Bending of waves around the edge of an obstacle or barrier; it bends and spreads out; a new series of waves forms; The amount of diffraction around an object depends upon the wavelength and size of the obstacle

Question 23

What are the two kinds of interference

Answer 23

Constructive and destructive

Question 24

What is constructive interference

Answer 24

Waves combine and the resulting wave is greater than either of the original waves alone; The amplitude of the new wave forms is the sum of both in the original waves amplitude; In general when to waves combine due to constructive interference, the amplitude increases

Question 25

What is destructive interference

Answer 25

The crest of a one waves meet the troughs of another wave The two waves combine in the amplitude is the difference of the two waves amplitude The result is a smaller amplitude Sometimes the waves cancel each other out and there's no resulting wave at all

Question 26

What are the three common temperature scales

Answer 26

Fahrenheit scale, Celsius scale, Kelvin

Question 27

Freezing point of water is 32° and boiling point of water is 212°

Answer 27

Fahrenheit scale

Question 28

Freezing point of water is 0° and boiling point of water is 100°

Answer 28

Celsius scale

Question 29

Official SI not degrees freezing point of water is 273 and boiling point of water is 373

Answer 29

Kelvin

Question 30

Zero kelvins -273°C

Answer 30

Absolute zero

Question 31

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in matter

Answer 31

Temperature

Question 32

How is thermal energy-related to heat

Answer 32

Heat is thermal energy moving from a warmer objects a cooler object He is a transfer of thermal energy Thermal energy is the total energy of all the particles in a substance He is measured in joules like work

Question 33

What does having a high specific heat mean

Answer 33

A material with high specific heat can absorb l a great deal of thermal energy without a great change in it's temperature

Question 34

What is the specific heat of water

Answer 34

4180 J/kgK

Question 35

Name the three forms of heat transfer

Answer 35

Conduction, convection, convection current, radiation

Question 36

The transfer of heat from one particle of matter to another without the movement of matter in direct contact metal spoon in hot pot soup Ironing clothes walking on hot sand

Answer 36

Conduction

Question 37

The transfer of heat by the movement of currents in a fluid heated air in a room ocean currents land breezes and see breezes

Answer 37

Convection

Question 38

The circular movement of particles of matter with different amounts of thermal energy

Answer 38

Convection current

Question 39

The transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves

Answer 39

Radiation

Question 40

In what direction does heat move

Answer 40

When two objects have different temperatures, heat will flow from the warmer object to colder one

Question 41

How are conductors and insulators different

Answer 41

Conductors transfer thermal energy well metals, tile, or stone floors Insulators do not transfer thermal energy well prevents flow of thermal energy air dress in layers, double pane windows

Question 42

Name the three states of matter

Answer 42

Solid liquid and gas

Question 43

What causes matter to change state

Answer 43

Matter changes state when thermal energy is either absorbed or released

Question 44

What happens to a substance when thermal energy increases

Answer 44

As thermal energy of matter increases, it's particles spread out and the substance expands, thermal expansion

Question 45

What is energy

Answer 45

The ability to do work or cause change

Question 46

What is the energy unit

Answer 46

Joules

Question 47

What are the two basic kinds of energy

Answer 47

Kinetic and potential

Question 48

What is kinetic energy

Answer 48

The energy an object has due to its motion

Question 49

What is kinetic energy's formula

Answer 49

Kinetic energy=0.5 X Mass X velocity2

Question 50

What is potential energy

Answer 50

Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

Question 51

What is gravitational potential energy and its formula

Answer 51

The potential energy that is related to an object height GPE= Weight X height GPE= Newtons X meters GPE= n-m or 1J

Question 52

Name the forms of energy associated with the particles of objects

Answer 52

Thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic

Question 53

Total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object a.k.a. heat

Answer 53

Thermal

Question 54

The energy of electric charges can be kinetic and potential

Answer 54

Electrical

Question 55

The energy that is stored in the chemical bonds between Atoms held together in compounds

Answer 55

Chemical

Question 56

Potential energy stored in the nucleus of atoms

Answer 56

Nuclear

Question 57

What is fusion

Answer 57

Combining of small nuclei to produce a larger nucleus

Question 58

What is fission

Answer 58

Splitting of particles in the nucleus

Question 59

The type of energy that travels in waves seven forms radio, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays

Answer 59

Electromagnetic

Question 60

What are Energy transformations

Answer 60

The change of one form of energy into another

Question 61

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 61

When one form of energy is transformed to another, no energy is destroyed in the process Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 62

What is Einstein's theory of the relationship between matter and energy

Answer 62

Matter can be transformed into energy A small amount of matter is destroyed to release a huge amount of energy Matter and energy together are conserved E=mc2 Nuclear fusion: Four hydrogen nuclei fuse together to become one helium Atom