Exam 5

Question 1

What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder? (GERD)

Answer 1

Caused from a relaxed lower esophageal sphincter

Acid reflux from stomach ⬆️ to esophagus, causing irritation 😮‍💨

Question 2

S & S of GERD

Answer 2

Dyspepsia (pain)
Regurgitation 🤮
Heartburn ❤️‍🔥

Question 3

GERD teaching

Answer 3

Diet management
Sit up after eating 🪑
⬇️ irritating factors 🔥-
🍫, ⬆️fatty, 🧂, 🌶️ foods

Question 4

What is a Hiatal Hernia

Answer 4

Portion of stomach herniates into esophagus

Caused by weak diaphragm or
⬆️ intraabdominal pressure

Question 5

Nursing management for Hiatal Hernia

Answer 5

Diet education
⬇️ abd pressure

Question 6

What is Peptic Ulcer 🕳️Disease (PUD)

Answer 6

🕳️ Erosion of mucosa in the stomach or duodenum by acid & pepsin ⛏️

Question 7

Common causes of Peotic Ulcer Disease? 🕳️

Answer 7

🏆- H-Pylori
or

Smoking🚬
NSAIDS 💊
ETOH 🍷
Coffee ☕
Stress 📚📖

Question 8

S&S of gastric PUD?

Answer 8

Pain 1-2hrs after 🍽️
🌮 food makes pain worse
Can cause obstruction 🪨
Weight loss 💀
Emesis 🤮

Question 9

S&S if duodenal PUD

Answer 9

Pain 2-5hrs after meals ⌛
Pain relieved with 🌮☺️
90% H-Pylori 🦠
Pain at🌛

Question 10

PUD Nursing Interventions

Answer 10

Teaching-
💊- Meds, Abx, 🚫NSAIDS & compliance
🚫🚬, ⬇️ stress
Dietary modifications

Monitor 🩸loss & 🤮
Oral care 🦷🪥

Question 11

What is Peritonitis?

Answer 11

Caused by perforation or rupture of abd organs ✨

Intestines and 🦠 are Now in the peritoneum 🤬

Question 12

S&S of Peritonitis?

Answer 12

Abdominal pain/tenderness 🥵
Rigid abdomen
Distension 🫄
Fever🤒
Tachycardia 🫀
Nausea & 🤮

Question 13

Nursing management 🩺for Peritonitis

Answer 13

Vitals 🩺
Oxygen
Pain 💊
🔍 I/Os
Labs- Electrolytes & CBC 🩸

Question 14

What is IBS and what is it caused by?

Answer 14

Chronic inflammation of GI 🫄

Caused by:
Ulcerative Collitits (large colon)
Crohns Disease (any part of GI)

Question 15

Crohn’s S & S

Answer 15

Fistulas 🚇 & strictures 🦠
Weight loss
Malabsorption 💀
🚽 diarrhea 5-7x/day
Abdominal pain 😖

Question 16

Ulcerative Coloitis S&s

Answer 16

Inflammation & 🕳️ @rectum 🍑
⬆️ to cecum

⬆️ 🚽 a lot of diarrhea with 🩸,
10-20x/day
Mild-severe cramping 😖
Electrolyte ⬇️
Pseudopolyps 🍇
Anemia 🩸
Dehydration 🥵

Question 17

IBD management

Answer 17

⬆️ calorie & protein
⬇️ fiber 🍃
Iron supplement 💊
💊 therapy
Correct F/E loss 💦
Prevent weight loss
Monitor 💩, pain, VS, weight, I/Os
Post-op care
GI assessment 🩺

Question 18

Intestinal obstruction 💩🪨 S&S

Answer 18

SBO:
⏲️Sudden abdominal pain
⬆️Pitched tinkling above area of obstruction ☔

LBO:
Distension 🤰🏽
Constipation 🪨
Bowl sounds present, then slowly hypoactive👂

Question 19

Bowel obstruction management 🤕

Answer 19

Post-op care (Ostomy?)
✔️I/O
Hydration 💦
NG tube 🐽
Monitor 💩, 🤮, pH

Question 20

Hepatitis S&S

Answer 20

Jaundice 👨‍🦳
Lathargic 🛌
Ascites 🫄
🩸Issues
Color change of urine and 💩

Question 21

What are you at risk for with Liver Disease?

Answer 21

Bleeding 🩸

Question 22

This can lead to Sepsis

Answer 22

Peritonitis 🦠

Question 23

Cirrhosis S&S

Answer 23

End stage Liver Disease- fibrosed 🪨

Ascites 🫄
Jaundice 👨‍🦱
Esophageal varies 🩸
Low platelets
Ammonia- 💊 Lactulose (diarrhea)

Question 24

Untreated STIs can lead to?

Answer 24

Infertility 🚫👶🏼
Chronic pain 😖
Ectopic pregnancy
Sepsis 🦠🥵

Question 25

Chlamydia

Answer 25

🏆most common STI ⬆️ in women 👭💖 Often 🚫 symptoms Discharge, dysuria 1-3wks after 🦠 Pelvic inflam Disease in women Men & Women= scarring

Question 26

Syphilis

Answer 26

Primary- Infectious 🦠Lesions (2wks-3m) Secondary- 🤒, rash to ✋🦶(1wk-6m) Latent- 2ndary sx disappear Tertiary- systemic (🦴, skin, 🫀, 🧠CNS)

Question 27

Gonorrhea

Answer 27

Common in US ⬆️ in males 💙 Women- urethritis, Purulent vaginal discharge 😳, PID, infertility Men- ureghritis, dysuria, swollen & painful testicles, purulemt penile discharge 😳

Question 28

Genetal Herpes (HSV) Herpes sImplex type 2

Answer 28

Burning 🔥 Itching Tingling Lesions/blisters Triggers🔫 - stress, weak immune

Question 29

General Warts (HPV)

Answer 29

🤍🩶🩷colored papillary growths 1-10 warts at a time Men- 🍌, scrotum, anal, urethral Women- inner thigh, vulva, vagina, cervix, perineum Get vaccinated as child

Question 30

What is a Sprain? 🤔

Answer 30

Injury to Ligaments surrounding joint (bone-to-bone) Usually with twisting motion 🌀

Question 31

What is a Strain?

Answer 31

Excessive stretching of a muscle 💪, often involving tendon (muscle-to-muscle)

Question 32

What is a closed fracture?

Answer 32

A broken 🦴 🚫 break in skin

Question 33

What is an open fracture?

Answer 33

A broken 🦴 There is a 🕳️ in the skin Example: person shot self in hand w/ nail 🔫& broke bone 🦴 ⬆️ risk of 🦠

Question 34

Hip Fracture 🕺🏻

Answer 34

Common in 👵👴🏾 External 🦵rotation Shortening of extremity Severe pain 😖 Surgery- Hip replacement 🚫 turning on affected side DTV 🩸 in long 🦴 🚫Bending

Question 35

Amputation ⛏️

Answer 35

Due to PVD or DM 🍭 Preserve as much 🦴as possible Pain management 💊 Rehab ♿ Body image coping 🤕

Question 36

Joint surgery 🔪

Answer 36

To improve ROM Neurovascular Assessment 🧠🩸 Anticoagulants Analgesia Antibiotics 💊 Ambulation 🚶

Question 37

Osteomyelitis

Answer 37

🦠 of: Bone 🦴 None marrow Surrounding soft tissue

Question 38

Osteoporosis

Answer 38

Chronic, ⬇️🦴 mass & deterioration⚒️ Fragile bones 💊- steroids, calcium, vit D 🚫🚭🍹

Question 39

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

Answer 39

Females 💓 Older age 👵 Family Hx of Osteoperosis Hypothyroid White & Asian race Small stature Early menopause 🩸 ⬇️ calcium Sedentary lifestyle 🛋️

Question 40

What is Arthritis?

Answer 40

Inflammation of a or multiple joint/s causing pain 😖, swelling, and stiffness 🫳🏽

Question 41

Osteoarthritis

Answer 41

Slowly progressive inflammation of synovial joints Risk factor- ⬆️Age Genetics 🧬 Obesity Injury 🤕

Question 42

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 42

Chronic, Systemic ,Autoimmune disease Inflammation of connective tissue and joints 🦴 Genetic 🧬& environmental factors ⬆️ Women

Question 43

What are the 5 Ps in a Nueurovascular Assessment?

Answer 43

Pain 😖 Pallor🦵🏻 Pulse 🩸 Paresthesia Paralysis Extra P- Pochiothermia (temp)