Exam 5 SE Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
SE: allergic response
- immediate → hives, anaphylactic shock
- delayed → rash, kidney damage
- rxn on first dose due to environmental exposure
A
penicillins
2
Q
SE: allergic cross-reactivity in penicillin-sensitive patients
A
cephalosporins
3
Q
SE: allergic reaction
A
griseofulvin
4
Q
SE: allergic reaction – contain sulfur
A
tipranavir, fosamprenavir
5
Q
SE: impaired renal function; fever, chills, vomiting, convulsions, severe headache, anemia
A
“amphoterrible B”
amphotericin B
6
Q
SE: anemia
A
linezolid ← tedizolid
7
Q
SE: aplastic anemia
A
chloramphenicol
8
Q
SE: hemolytic anemia
A
“sulfonamides”s
9
Q
SE: hemolytic anemia, cardiac arrest, dec pulmonary func in infants, Cat X
A
ribavirin
10
Q
SE: megaloblastic anemia
A
“sulfonamides”s, trimethoprim (leucovorin)
11
Q
SE: cardiac arrhythmia
A
erythromycin; bedaquiline
12
Q
SE: arrhythmias, worsens congestive heart failure
A
itraconazole
13
Q
SE: asthmatics – problems inhaling powder
A
zanamivir
14
Q
SE: binds cations (Ca, Fe, Al)
A
tetracycline
15
Q
SE: blocks cholinergic receptors in muscles
→ worsens myasthenia gravis,
→ inhibits ciliary ganglion → inhibits visual accommodation
A
telithromycin
16
Q
SE: red-colored body fluids
A
rifampin
17
Q
SE: deposited in bones and teeth
A
tetracycline
18
Q
SE: C. diff (pseudomembranous colitis)
A
linezolid ← tedizolid
19
Q
SE: CNS → sedation, tremor, psychosis
A
cycloserine
20
Q
SE: CNS toxicity (hallucinations, memory loss); rash
A
efavirenz
21
Q
SE: cough, chest pain
A
nitrofurantoin
22
Q
SE: diarrhea
A
fosfomycin
23
Q
SE: eosinophilic pneumonia
A
daptomycin
24
Q
SE: fatigue, flu-like symptoms; myelosuppression, hypertension, depression, retinopathy
A
recombinant interferon alpha
25
SE: fever, rash, fetal damage
echinocandins “fungin”s
26
SE: GI upset → nausea, heartburn
| inc GI activity → activates motilin, peristaltic activity
erythromycin
27
SE: GI upset, bone marrow depression, hepatotoxicity
flucytosine
28
SE: GI upset, neprotoxicity, CNS delirium when given IV
acyclovir
29
SE: GI upset; alter fat (lose in face and limbs, gain in body (gut, chest, back); inc/worsen diabetes
protease inhibitors (RIN, *LADS, TF)
30
SE: gout
pyrazinamide
31
SE: “Gray baby” syndrome
chloramphenicol
32
SE: hallucinations, liver damage, teratogen
fluconazole
33
SE: headache
griseofulvin
34
SE: hepatitis
pyrazinamide
35
SE: hepatitis “flare up”
discontinuation of hepatitis drugs
36
SE: life-threatening hepatomegaly, systemic lactic acidosis; myopathy, anemias, pancreatitis, neuropathies
NsRTIs = DAZLEST
| NtRTI tenofovir
37
SE: hepatotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
nevirapine, delavirdine
38
SE: hepatotoxicity, allergic rxn, inc MI
maraviroc
39
SE: hepatotoxicity
erythromycin, telithromycin;
| tetracycline; isoniazid, rifampin
40
SE: insomnia
enfuvirtide
41
SE: lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly
telbivudine, tenofovir, entecavir
42
SE: liver and renal damage
adefovir
43
SE: metallic taste
televancin, dalbavancin
44
SE: MRSA
methicillin-resistant staph aureus
45
SE: muscle pain
quinupristin, dalfopristin
46
SE: muscle pain and weakness (careful with statins!)
daptomycin
47
SE: worsen myasthenia gravis
“floxacin”s
48
SE: nausea, GI upset, hepatotocity
ketoconazole
49
SE: nausea, diarrhea, psychosis – hallucinations
zanamivir, oseltamivir
50
SE: nephrotoxicity
imipenem metabolized in kidney → nephrotoxic product, give with cilastatin
vancomycin, televancin, dalbavancin, bacitracin
*streptomycin + aminoglycosides; neomycin (topical or oral only); tetracycline
polymixin B; terbinafine; cidofovir, foscarnet
51
SE: neuromuscular blockade → ataxia, perioral paresthesia
polymixin B
52
SE: neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, teratogen
ganciclovir
53
SE: peripheral neuropathy
isoniazid
54
SE: neurotoxicity
polymixin B
55
SE: optic neuritis
isoniazid, ethambutol
56
SE: ototoxicity
vancomycin; streptomycin + aminoglycosides
57
SE: inc B6 excretion → pellagra
isoniazid
58
SE: peripheral neuropathy
methronidazole
59
SE: phototoxicity
“floxacin”s
60
SE: rash in pts with mononucleosis/viral infection
ampicillin
61
SE: “Red Man/Neck Syndrome”
vancomycin
62
SE: high IV dose → seizures (if enters CNS, or CNS infection)
penicillins
63
SE: readily enter CNS → seizures
imipenem, meropenem
64
SE: renal failure, teratogen, CNS effects → dizziness, slurred speech, seizures, confusion, nausea
amantadine
65
SE: resistance (bacteria change dialanine target to lactic acid)
vancomycin
66
SE: seizures
aztreonam, methronidazole
67
SE: Steven-Johnson syndrome
“sulfonamides”s
68
SE: super-infection
cephalosporins
69
SE: super-infection with C diff
clindamycin, lincomycin
70
SE: systemic toxicity
gramicidin
71
SE: tendonitis → Achielles tendon rupture
“floxacin”s
72
SE: brown-colored urine
nitrofurantoin
73
SE: impaired red/green color vision discrimination, decreased vision
ethambutol
74
SE: visual disturbances (color perception, visual acuity)
voriconazole
75
Treatment for: severe anaerobic infection
clindamycin, lincomycin;
| methronidazole
76
Treatment for: severe blood infection
daptomycin
77
Treatment for: C diff (pseudomembranous colitis)
vancomycin
| fidaxomycin
78
Treatment for: dental prophylaxis in patient with heart valve problem
clindamycin, lincomycin
79
Treatment for: anti-fungal use in eye
natamycin
80
Treatment for: “flesh-eating bacteria”
televancin, dalbavancin
81
Also Treatment for: HIV treatment
telbivudine, tenofovir, entecavir
82
Treatment for: leprosy
dapsone
83
Treatment for: nephrotoxic product from imipenem
cilastatin (enzyme inhibitor)
84
Treatment for: prophylactic in infants against RSV
palivizumab
85
Treatment for: protazoal infections (trichomoniasis, giardia)
methronidazole
86
Treatment for: skin/soft tissue infection
daptomycin
87
Treatment for: Rickettsia, Lyme disease (spirochetes), Legionella, helicobacter
tetracycline
88
Treatment for: TB (mycobacterium tuberculosis)
cycloserine
89
Treatment for: uncomplicated UTI
fosfomycin
90
Treatment for: UTI
“sulfonamides”s, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin
91
1st pass metabolism
valacyclovir
92
pregnancy concerns
televancin, dalbavancin → fetal damage
tetracycline → Cat D
“floxacin”s → damage developing cartilage
fluconazole → teratogen
echinocandins “fungin”s → fetal damage
ganciclovir, amantadine
ribavirin → Cat X, dec pulmonary function in infants
93
inhibit P450
erythromycin (careful with 2nd gen anti-histamines)
chloramphenicol
ketoconazole – dec adrenal, gonadal steroids; dec cortisol; dec testosterone
itraconazole
delavirdine; protease inhibitors (RIN, *LADS, TF)
94
induce P450
rifampin → “little surprise”
| griseofulvin
95
metabolized by and inhibits P450
terbinafine
96
in combo with sulfmethoxazole
trimethoprim
97
in combo with ampho B
flucytosine
98
in combo with interferon
boceprevir, telaprevir,, simeprevir, sofosbuvir
99
in combo with ritonavir
LADS (lopinavir, atazanavir, darunavir, saquinavir)
100
more SE in slow acetylators
isoniazid
