Exam 5 - Virology 2 Flashcards
(154 cards)
1
Q
1
What are three double stranded enveloped DNA viruses?
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2
Q
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What are 2 double stranded. non-enveloped DNA viruses?
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3
Q
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What is one single-stranded non-enveloped DNA virus?
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4
Q
2
Poxviruses produce ______ called ____ that leave scars.
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5
Q
2
What is the largest and most complex animal virus?
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6
Q
2
Poxviruses have the largest genome of all _____ viruses.
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7
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2
Poxviruses are single linear dsDNA molecules of _____ kb with hairpins at either end.
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8
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2
Where do poxviruses multiply?
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9
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Poxviruses have specificity for ______ and _____.
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10
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2
What are 2 human pox viruses?
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11
Q
2
What is Orthopoxvirus?
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12
Q
2
What is Molluscipoxvirus?
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13
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4
Where do poxviruses replicate?
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14
Q
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Poxviruses are extremely cytopathologic. They inhibit host ___, ___, and ______.
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15
Q
7
What was the first disease to be eliminated by vaccination?
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16
Q
7
What are two ways to be exposed to smallpox?
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17
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7
What is the incubation period for smallpox?
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18
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What are 5 symptoms of smallpox?
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19
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7
What does this describe: “highly virulent, caused toxemia, shock, and intravascular coagulation.”
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20
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8
Molluscum contagiosum is primarily an infection of ____ in ___ areas.
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What are two ways Molluscum contagiosum is transmitted?
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What is the size of Mollscum contagiosum lesions? Where are they seen?
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8
What does this describe? “Pearly papules with a central depression whose core may be expressed, producing a white cheesy material.”
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24
Q
8
Describe the atypical form of Molluscum contagiosum in AIDs patients.
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What are three treatments for Molluscum contagiosum?
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How is Monkeypox transmitted?
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What is the incubation period for Monkeypox?
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Monkeypox is considered a milder form of ______.
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Where are three places that monkeypox lesions are seen?
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How long does it take for Monkeypox to resolve?
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Where does the lesion form for animal poxvirus disease manifestations?
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How long does it take for animal poxvirus diseases to resolve? Is there scarring?
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What are two examples of Poxvirus vaccines?
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What is a live virus used to vaccinate against Smallpox that is a distinct species of Orthopoxvirus?
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What is a live-attentuated virus vaccine dor Poxvirus that is delivered by sub-cutaneous injection?
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Poxvirus vacines may prevent disease if given post-exposure within ____ days. May attenuate within ____ days.
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12
What are the three alpha herpesviruses?
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What are the 3 beta herpesviruses?
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What are the 2 gamma herpesviruses?
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All members of the herpesvirus family show ____ and cause _______; viral DNA forms ____.
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What type of DNA is associated with herpesviruses?
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Where do herpesviruses replicate?
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What are the two Herpes Simplex Viruses that humans are susceptible to?
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Where are HSV-1 lesions seen?
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When is HSV-1 typically acquired?
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Where are HSV-2 lesions seen?
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At what ages is HSV-2 acquired?
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Can HSV-2 be spread without visible lesions?
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Is Herpes Simplex a lifelong infection?
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How is HSV-2 transmitted?
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Do HSV-1 and HSV-2 have a similar pathogenesis?
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Is transmission of HSV-1 and 2 due to direct or indirect exposure to secretions containing the virus?
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Genital herpes can be transmitted in the _____ of lesions.
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Herpes simplex iinfection initiataes in _____ cells.
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For Herpes Simplex, there is local viremia and establishment of latent infection in _______.
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Herpes simplex travels by retrograde transport to ______.
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Which ganglia does HSV-1 travel to? HSV-2?
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What factors are important for maintaining latency associated with Herpes Simplex?
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Where does herpes simplex virus go to upon reactivation?
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Do lesions associated with reactivation of herpes simplex cause scarring once healed?
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What is the most common reccurent HSV-1 infection that causes fever blisters and cold sores?
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Herpes labialis vesicles occur on the ________ or _____
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Herpes labialis lesions crust over in ____ days and heals within _______ days.
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Herpes labialis can occur throughout the mouth, on the ___, ____, ___, and ____.
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What is an infection of the oropharynx in young children that causes fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes?
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What is the disease known as ocular herpes that causes inflammation of the eye, a gritty feeling in the eye, conjunctivitis, a sharp pain, and sensitivity to light?
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What are 4 symptoms seen in the early parts of Type 2 Herpes infection?
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Where does latency occur with Type 2 Herpes infection?
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What are three things that may trigger recurrent bouts of Type 2 Herpes? Are they more or less severe?
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Are HSV-1 and HSV-2 rare or common in newborns?
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When can an infant develop neonatal hepres?
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How does Neonatal Herpes present in newborns?
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How is the baby delivered if there is a Herpes outbreak in the mother at the time of birth?
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What are two examples of Miscellaneous herpes infections?
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How does one get Herpetic whitlow and gladiatorum?
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What is Gladiatorum associated with?
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What is a rare complication of herpes but also the. most common sporadic form of viral encephalitis in the US?
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What are two typical diagnostic signs of herpes simplex?
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What is the preferred method to diagnose herpes simplex virus?
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What is the preferred treatment of herpes simplex?
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25
What activates Acyclovir specifically?
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What is the mechanism of Acyclovir?
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27
What is the only natural host for Varicella Zoster virus?
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27
What are three modes of transmission for Varicella Zoster Virus?
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27
Airborne infection of Varicella Zoster Virus is initiated in the ____.
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27
Varicella Zoster has a ____ day incubation period and is contagious for ____ days prior to the appearance of a rash.
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27
What is Varicella?
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What does this describe?
Characterized by itchy rash, progresses rapidly from macules to papules to vesicular lesions which crust. Children typically have 2-3 days of fever.
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What does this describe?
-Varicella Zoster Virus infection of vaccinated individuals
-Typically afebrile illness with less than 50 lesions
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Does primary infection with Varicella Zoster virus confer life-long immunity?
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Where does Varicella Zoster Virus remain latent?
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What is Zoster?
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What are four complications of Zoster?
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What is posteherpetic neuralgia?
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What is the treatment for Varicella Zoster?
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What is the vaccine for Varicella?
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What is the vaccine for Zoster?
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Are most infections with Cytomegalovirus symptomatic or asymptomatic?
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What percent of adults are infected with Cytomegalovirus?
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What are 6 secretions that cytomegalovirus can be found in?
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Is Cytomegalovirus commonly latent in various tissues?
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What are three groups that develop a more virulent form of Cytomegalovirus?
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What are 5 complications of CMV for newborns?
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What can perinatal CMV infection cause?
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What are 4 complications of CMV in transplant patients?
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What is the name of the acyclovir analog that is more effective against CMV?
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32
What is the etiologic agent of Mono?
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Epstein Barr Virus is the "ultimate _____ cell parasite"
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What percent of adults have antibodies to Epstein Barr Virus?
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EBV is spread through ____, especially _____.
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Where does EBV infection initiate?
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When does latency of EBV occur?
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EBV drives activation and proliferation of what?
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How do T cells react to B cell activation and proliferation in EBV?
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What are 6 potential CNS complications associated with EBV ?
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What are 4 potential cancers associated with EBV complications?
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Differential blood count of someone with EBV shows _____, _____, and large ________; _______.
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What tests are done to detect antibodies and antigen for EBV?
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Treatment of EBV is directed at relief of symptoms of _____ and ____.
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36
Acyclovir can block EBV _____, but does not affect clinical symptoms of _____.
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Disseminated disease associated with EBV may be treated with _______, ____, ____, and ______.
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37
What were Human Herpes Virus 6 and 7 originally known as?
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How are HHB-6 and HHV-7 transmitted?
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HHV-6 and HHV-7 cause _____, which is an _____ disease in babies 2-12 months. IT begins with fever, followed by a ________; usually self-limited.
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HHV-8 DNA is present in ______.
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How is HHV-8/Kaposi Sarcoma spread?
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What cells are the primary target of HHV-8?
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Where does HHV-8 remain dormant?
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40
What does hepatitis interfere with? What does this cause?
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40
What are the three principle viruses in hepatitis?
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41
Describe the genome for hepatitis B virus.
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HBV structure encodes a _____ and replicates through an _______.
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Attachment of HBV is mediated by ______, but the mechanism of entry is unknown.
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Reverse transcription of HBV synthesize _______. Synthesis of the complementary strand is interrupted by envelopment of nucleocapsid yielding partially _____ + ____. The remaining RNA is degraded in ____.
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What is the primary mode of Hepatitis B transmission?
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Can Hepatitis B be sexually transmitted?
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Hepatitis B virus enters and replicates exclusively in _____, and releases virus back into the blood.
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Are most Hep B cases asymptomatic?
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With HBV latency, _____DNA can persist in cells in a latent form. This is known as the ______.
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45
Does successful treatment of chronic eBC infection eliminate cccDNA?
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46
How is Hepatitis B typically diagnosed?
142
46
What is the treatment for a person exposed or possibly exposed to HBV?
143
46
What is the treatment for acute infection of EBV?
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46
What is the treatment for chronic infection of EBV?
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47
What is the primary prevention for Hepatitis B?
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47
What are the two types of Hepatitis B vaccines available?
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49
What are the two parvoviruses known to cause human disease?
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49
What is B19 known as?
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49
Parvoviruses replicate only in ______ cells.
150
50
Initial Febrile Stage of Fifth Disease:
1. Infectious stage with ongoing _____ and release.
2. ______ production stops for up to 1 week.
3. _________ symptoms
151
50
Second, Immune-Mediated Symptomatic Stage of Fifth Disease
-Antibody response stops viremmia
-Immune complexes form leading to characteristic _______ in kids.
-Adults may present with ____ and _____ in adults.
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50
Hydrop fetalis complication is infection of a ______ mother. The virus can infect the fetus and kill _______ resulting in ____ and ______.
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50
ARe there any viral specific treatments for Fifth Disease?
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50
Is there symptomatic treatment for fifth Disease?
