EXAM Flashcards

(78 cards)

1
Q

“Architect of Middle Ages”

A

Augustine

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2
Q

Greatest influence and importance in Augustine’s work

A

Confessions

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3
Q

“Confession can mean 3 things:

A

1) confession of sin
2) profession of faith
3) praise of God

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4
Q

T/f Confessions became a religious classic because of its penetrating analysis of sin and human nature,

A

True

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5
Q

What kind of education did Augustine receive as a child

A

Elementary Christian education

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6
Q

Dates of Augustine’s childhood

A

354-370

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7
Q

Augustine’s classical period

A

370-375

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8
Q

Manichaean period

A

375-382

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9
Q

Neoplatonic and catechumen period

A

382–89

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10
Q

When did Augustine’s conversion experience occur

A

Augustine’s “conversion experience” occurred in 386.

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11
Q

Clerical period

A

Clerical period, 389–430

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12
Q

T/f He was ordained presbyter in 391 for the catholic church at Hippo

A

True

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13
Q

______is an exposition of the Apostles’ Creed

A

Faith

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14
Q

_____is summed up in the Lord’s Prayer

A

Hope

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15
Q

_____is the summary of the commandments

A

Love

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16
Q

Blueprint for the Middle Ages

A

Augustine’s city of God

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17
Q

When was city of God written

A

Between 413 and 426

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18
Q

What was city of God written in response to?

A

the sack of Rome in 410 by Alaric, leader of the Goths

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19
Q

What was the language of the church in Rome, it seems, until the middle of the third century.

A

Greek

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20
Q

Describe Nazarenes

A

although living by the Law themselves, accepted Gentile believers without expecting them to submit to the Law.

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21
Q

T/F Atheism in the ancient world was practical, not theoretical. An atheist was someone who did not observe the traditional religious practices, regardless of what faith he professed.

A

True

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22
Q

Pliny found three distinct classes among those against whom accusations had been brought:

A
  1. Those who confessed they were Christians and remained steadfast in the confession—
  2. Those who denied they had ever been Christians—
  3. Those who apostatized, those who had been Christians but had ceased to be such
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23
Q

Trajan gave three responses:

A
  1. Christians were not to be sought out, but if accused and convicted they were to be punished.
  2. No anonymous accusations were to be received. An accuser had to act in the proper judicial manner by coming forward in his own person. 3. The deniers were to be pardoned; punishment was, therefore, on the basis of the “name.”
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24
Q

Martyrdom derives from the Greek word martys , which means

A

“A witness”

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25
One of the most influential documents of martyrdom, and perhaps the earliest to record one in some detail,
Martyrdom of polycarp
26
language was used for the death of martyrs.
Eucharistic
27
When was the first Christian art appeared?
200
28
What seen was frequent in Christian art?
The good shepherd
29
Defining element of Judaism
One God
30
4 main eras
Ancient (33-500) Medieval (500-1500) Reformation (1500-1700) Modern (1700-present)
31
Jewish history: how we get to Jesus---
``` The Assyrians (722 BC) The Babylonians (586 BC) The Persians (538 BC) The Greeks ```
32
What is the intertestamential period?
480 years of no scripture
33
What were diaspora Jews?
They were more open to Hellenistic world
34
What were Palestinian Jews
Spoke Aramaic and were more conservative
35
When was the classical era of Ancient Greece?
480-331 BC
36
Who was the first to philosophize about the great questions of the human condition?
Socrates (469-399 BC)
37
Who founded the academy?
Plato (429-347bC)
38
What philosopher believed forms were inherent with matter?
Aristotle (384-322 BC)
39
What culture was devoted to beauty and art and pleasure?
Hellenism
40
Core values of the Roman Empire
- distinct people United as one - favor by the gods - historical consciousness (rooted in tradition)
41
When was Caesar assassinated
44 BC
42
Who was the first Roman emporer?
Caesar Augustus 63 BC- 14 AD
43
Pax Romana
Peace and stability allow commerce and travel to flourish
44
Roman road system
53,000 miles of roadways from Scotland to the Euphrates
45
Pietas
Not personal piety; attention to duties of civic religion
46
Numen
Gods have power; you can obtain it through proper ritual and votive offerings
47
Religio
Sense of awe or dread in presence of powerful capricious gods
48
What did orthodox Believers emphasize?
- lordship of Jesus - community of the church (structure and sacraments) - unity of Jew and gentile (Jewish heritage) - centrality of apostles
49
Two myths of ancient Christianity
1. Myth of universal orthodoxy | 2. Myth of radical orthodoxy
50
Pauline Christianity --
Law and grace
51
The fall of Jerusalem to Rome
I'm AD 66, the Jews rebelled The city fell to Titus on August 5, 70. Jewish Christianity moved to the east and lost contact with main church and formed heretical sects called "ebionites".
52
When did Muslims take over Palestine?
638
53
When did Christians recapture Palestine from Muslims?
1099 during the crusades
54
First advocate of monepiscopacy
Ignatius of Antioch
55
Because Christians were "atheists" they were thought to pose:
A political threat A social threat An economic threat
56
Sporadic persecution
Jewish; Nero (up to 112)
57
Christianity under state ban but not sought out
Trajan and Pliny (112-313)
58
Defender of Nicene orthodoxy
379-395
59
Why was the council of Nicaea important?
- first ecumenical council - called by emporer himself - signaled a new way to do theology
60
What subjects were portrayed In early Christian art
Biblical person, subjects and events Christian reinterpretation of pagan subject Decorative depictions
61
What was Jonah a depiction of
Resurrection
62
What was Noah often a symbol of
Baptism
63
What was Abrahams sacrifice of Isaac a depiction of
Christies resurrection (heb. 11:17-19)
64
Post constantinian art
The triumph of Christ
65
Biggest basilica in the world
St. Peter's
66
Where did the earliest Christians meet?
In private homes
67
Imperial Christianity was the rise of who?
Constantine
68
Edict of Milan
313
69
Defender of the Nicene orthodoxy (379-395)
Theodosius - end of paganism
70
What was eusebius' imperial theology
Church and state should be intertwined The emperor is Gods chosen instrument to reign in Gods place on earth
71
Views of Arius?
- "There was when Christ was not" - the son is "only-begotten" which means created - true divinity is not delivered from anything else - the son is on a lower level than God
72
Homoousios
Same substance
73
Where are the catacombs found?
Rome
74
Christians began using sarcophagi around ______.
260
75
What subjects were portrayed in early Christian art:
- biblical persons, subjects, and events - Christian reinterpretation of pagan or mythological subjects - decorative or abstract depictions
76
Oldest surviving depiction of Augustine?
"Our hearts are restless until they rest in you"
77
When was Augustine born and where?
Born 354; thagaste North Africa
78
When was Augustine baptized?
Easter, 387, by Ambrose