Exam 6 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Rock Behavior
Brittle Solid
Elastic Solid
Plastic Solid
Brittle Solid
Apply Stress = Rock Breaks
Elastic Solid
Apply Stress = Shape Changes
Remove Stress = Shape Restored
(Fault)
Plastic Solid
Apply Stress = Permanent Shape Change
Fold
Footwall
Rocks Below Fault
Hanging Wall
Rocks Above Fault
Fault Scarp
small step or offset on the ground surface where one side of a fault has moved vertically with respect to the other
Fault Types (3)
Normal Fault
Thrust Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
Normal Fault Characteristics
Extensional Stress < >
Hanging Wall Moves Down
Thrust Fault Characteristics
Compressional Stress > <
Hanging Wall Moves Up
Strike-Slip Fault Characteristics
Shearing Stress
Sliding Past Each Other
Fold Types
Anticline
Syncline
Monocline
Anticline
Beds Dip Downwards Away From Axis
Oldest Rocks at Axis
Syncline
Beds Dip Down Towards The Axis
Younger Rocks at Axis
Major Tectonic Plates (8)
African Eurasian Indian-Australian Antarctic North American South American Pacific Nazca
Evidence for Crustal Motion
Geographic Fit Seafloor Ages Glacial Evidence Stratigraphy Fossil Distribution Hot Spot Volcanism Paleomagnetism Magnetic Inclination GPS Satellites
Geographic Fit
Alfred Wegener
Pangea
Laurasia - N. America Europe, Asia
Gondwana - S. America, Antarctica, Australia, Africa, India
Seafloor Ages
Seafloor Spreading
Glacial Evidence
Till > Tillite
Stration
Fossil Distribution
Glossopteris
Mesosaurus
Lystrosaurus
Hot Spot Volcanism
New Volcanoes form over time in a line as crust moves over mantle
Paleomagnetism
Movement of Magnetic North over time
Magnetic Inclination
Magnetism less steep closer to equator
GPS Satellites
Modern evidence of continental movement
