Exam 6

Question 1

Who was W.E.B. Dubois?

Answer 1

a black sociologist and said that prisons were “slavery in private hands”.

Question 2

Crime rates have been increasing. True or False.

Answer 2

False. No, crime rates have not been increasing.

Question 3

describe pre 1980 with prison sentencing and minimum sentencing.

Answer 3

prison was seen as a last resort. 1970, Congress eliminated all minimum sentences for drugs. They felt it was a health concern.

Question 4

describe 1980 prison sentencing and minimum sentencing

Answer 4

Government changed pushing for harsher sentences and mandatory drug sentencing. It was not because of a rise in crime.

Question 5

The US has more people in prison than any other country in the world. True or False.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

A typical mandatory drug sentence in the US is how long?

Answer 6

5-10 years

Question 7

In most other developed countries besides the US, how long is a typical mandatory drug sentence?

Answer 7

6 months, and often go to rehab instead of jail

Question 8

Over the course of a black mans life, he is more likely to go to prison than to do what?

Answer 8

get a bachelors degree or join the military

Question 9

1 in how many Americans are in prison at this time?

Answer 9

1 in 37

Question 10

What was the 1984 Crime Control Act?

Answer 10

It represented the first comprehensive revision of the U.S. criminal code since the early 1900s. The Act established a federal sentencing commission and eliminated parole for the federal prison system.Made several new offenses federal crimes, including arson, murder-for-hire, trademark violations, credit card fraud, and computer crime.

Question 11

What was the anti-drug abuse act of 1986?

Answer 11

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 provided for increased penalties for violations of the Controlled Substances Act (91 PL 513), raised authorization ceilings for spending on drug enforcement by $1.7 billion and instituted mandatory minimum sentences for some drug users (Teasley 2001).

Question 12

What was the anti-drug abuse act of 1988?

Answer 12

This Federal Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 intends to prevent the manufacturing, distribution, and use of illegal drugs.

Question 13

Why are some reasons that blacks arrestd more than whites?

Answer 13

People have finite resources and they have targeted open air drug markets in poor black neighborhoods because its easier to see/access, There is also less political power for black neighborhoods,

Question 14

Have long prison sentences helped in reducing recidivism?

Answer 14

No it has seemed to be impact anything positively.

Question 15

Blacks receive the death penalty more than whites. True or false

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

Black people are how many times more likely to be sentenced to death in a criminal case?

Answer 16

3 x more likely

Question 17

What can your renter/hoa/housing manager allow or deny your applicased based off

Answer 17

Criminal record

Question 18

What are collateral consequences from prison time?

Answer 18

Minor children, housing, Jim Crow laws, label of felon,

Question 19

What was involuntary experimentations of African Americans?

Answer 19

Dr. Hamilton and Dr Sims did experimental procedures on slaves that were inhumane

Question 20

What happened at the medical college in Georgia?

Answer 20

They removed, examined, and experimented on 10,000 bodies of African Americans and didn’t rebury them

Question 21

What was the Tuskeeque Syphilis experiment?

Answer 21

It was

Question 22

What is the Nuremberg code?

Answer 22

in 1953, research subjects have to be informed that partiicpation is voluntary as well as the nature, research, length, and scope etc. of the study.

Question 23

Health disparities are clearly linked to socioeconomic status. True or False

Answer 23

True

Question 24

African Americans experience the same gains as whites in an increase of socioeconomic status. True or False.

Answer 24

False, they do not. They still see disparities.

Question 25

One health disparity is birth weight by race. Which ethnicity is most likely to have low birth weight to blacks? Why is that.

Answer 25

Blacks. Factors include mothers education level, prenatal care, use of nicotine/alcohol during pregnancy, and from racism on health.

Question 26

What is racial residential segregation?

Answer 26

Where different ethnicities experience segregation in communities which affects the resources, unhealthy environments, and more.

Question 27

David William and Shitata Collins said they believe it's racial residential segregation is the primary cause for what

Answer 27

black and white health disparities.

Question 28

What can cause stress and that is another theory for why black women have higher health problems?

Answer 28

Racial discrimination

Question 29

Immigrants typically have better health outcomes compared to those born outside of the United States. True or False. Why?

Answer 29

True. Some believe it's because of an ethnic enclave. Mexican immigrants in particular are most likely to live in ethnic immigrants. It's a shelter from discrimination.

Question 30

People of color are more likely to be exposed to hazardous situations in their environment. True or False.

Answer 30

True.

Question 31

What is the hispanic paradox?

Answer 31

Even though they have other clear disparities, they have similar health outcomes because of the ethnic enclaves.

Question 32

a lack of plumbing can also be a concern for health. How many households don't have plumbing?

Answer 32

700,000 households (1.7 million people)

Question 33

The waste output in China is the highest in the world. True or False.

Answer 33

False. It's the United States

Question 34

A lot of the US dumps their toxic waste where?

Answer 34

Africa and the Ocean

Question 35

T or F : White people are more likely to suffer from Asthma than black people

Answer 35

false. Black people are more likely.

Question 36

Black people have what percentage higher for an adjusted death than white people for all causes.

Answer 36

17%

Question 37

how much more likely are black children to have lead poisoning than white children.

Answer 37

5 times more likely

Question 38

Efforts to ensure the right to live in nontoxic neighborhoods, regardless of race is called:

Answer 38

environmental racism

Question 39

Dorceta Taylor fought for early environmental justice activism. Name a few examples.

Answer 39

black people fight for lead screening, native Americans fight for fishing rights, and filipinos fight against the use of pesticides in agriculture.

Question 40

There is a misconception that African Americans are not interested in health, eating, and exercise. Do you believe this is true?

Answer 40

No I believe the environment makes it difficult to do those things and that can be discouraging.

Question 41

A study regarding health and food, in New York compared East Harlem, which is _____ white and the Upper East Side, which is ______ white.

Answer 41

6 and 84%

Question 42

Although African Americans have higher levels of physical elements, they have lower levels of what?

Answer 42

Mental Illness

Question 43

A framework used to explain the increasing divergence between black and white health outcomes that focuses on how constant exposure to stress accelerates health decline for blacks is called:

Answer 43

the weathering hypothesis.

Question 44

What does Cecilia Menjivar call women's encounters with poverty, isolation, interpersonal violence, patriarchy, and lack of access to healthcare?

Answer 44

structural violence

Question 45

People of color and poor people are more likely to live close to DDT factories

Answer 45

False.

Question 46

Which country eventually accepted the Kian Sea, a ship filled with 15,000 tons of ash that came from Philadelphia?

Answer 46

Haiti

Question 47

Why did the city officials in Flint not add an anticorrosive element to the water that would have made it safer

Answer 47

It would cost $100 per day

Question 48

What is the name of the legal scholar who has made mass incarceration the civil rights issue of the twenty-first century?

Answer 48

Michelle Alexander

Question 49

The incarceration rate has leveled off in recent years, largely because:

Answer 49

states don't have the funds to incarcerate more people

Question 50

What do prison abolitionist believe?

Answer 50

Prisons must be eliminated along with the conditions that send people to prison, including racism, poverty, and root causes of violence. correct

Question 51

In the United States, Black men are sent to prison on drug charges at _____ times the rate of white men.

Answer 51

13 x

Question 52

What hashtag developed in response to women's experiences being left out of the discussion on police brutality?

Answer 52

#SayHerName

Question 53

Racial disparities and incarceration rates are a classic example of _______racism.

Answer 53

institutional

Question 54

What are the economic policies of the former U.S. President Ronald Reagan called?

Answer 54

Reagonomics

Question 55

A label for the ideology that open markets, liberalized trade, and privatization are the keys to economic success is:

Answer 55

Neoliberalism

Question 56

The vast network of prisons, jails, courts, police officers, and other elements that purport to reduce the amount of criminal activity in our society is called.

Answer 56

private industry complex

Question 57

During the Reagan era, when every other state was increased spending on incarceration, these two states did not:

Answer 57

New Hampshire and Massachusetts

Question 58

Which constitutional amendment allows for convict leasing, a legal form of slavery?

Answer 58

13th