What is the medical term for when a patient’s BSL is above normal range
Hyperglycaemia
What is the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and their mechanism of action?
Pharmacodynamics
The INR blood test is taken before the prescription of which medication
Warfarin
What 3 actions does the RN engage in during the administration phase of the medication management cycle
review of medication order, distribution, issue medication
What does pharmacokinetic mean
the movement of medication, into, through and out the body
the movement of medication, into, through and out the body
phlebitis
Which route is enoxaparin administered via
Subcut
Insulin infusions use what type of insulin
Short acting
Why is a person with DM taught to rotate the insulin administration site
Prevent lipohypertrophy
If a RN makes an error they must
assess the patient and report the error
Which of the following would be considered a dispensing error of medications
patient given the wrong medication
What is an advantage of the electronic medication management system
eliminates medication errors due to handwriting
What is a factor that increases risk of medication error
heavy workload
The antidote for warfarin overdose is
Vitamin K
What medication requires an APTT blood test
Heparin
Who is able to press the administration button on the PCA
The patient only
What is the maximum oxygen flow delivery rate recommended for Nasal Prongs
4 L/min
What position should a patient be in when administering a nebuliser medication
High fowler’s
In what situation can an RN administer oxygen to a patient without doctor’s order
Emergency or emergent situations
Adverse drug events are
Drug reaction to medication
Which drug may cause ototoxicity if serum levels rise above normal?
Gentamycin
Warfarin is a drug given to people to prevent stroke because
reduces risk of embolic event
What medication is used to treat pulmonary oedema?
Diuretics
What is the main cause of fluid volume excess
Congestive Heart Failure
What is the normal blood level for potassium?
3.5 - 5.5 mmol/L
Which of the following is an example an isotonic solution
0.9% Sodium Chloride
Which medication are registered nurses able to give during a cardiac arrest
Adrenaline
What does VTE stand for
Venous thromboembolism
What is the definition of half life in relation to medications?
the rate it takes for the active drug to reduce by 50% in the plasma
What is the mode of action of Salbutamol
selective Beta 2-receptor agonist
Which of the following is the definitive diagnosis used for diabetes mellitus
Glycosylated haemoglobin
Which of the following is a colloid?
Albumin
What is a cause of fluid volume deficit
Polyuria
Factors that increase risk of medication errors by individuals include: Polypharmacy Workload Experience All of the answers are correct
All of the answers are correct
How is the starting dose of the heparin infusion worked out?
It is worked out based on the weight of the patient
What is the normal serum values of Mg?
0.7 -1.1 mmol/L
What is the preferred site for administering 1 - 2 mL intramuscular injections?
Deltoid
Which of the following two factors can affect the pharmocodynamics of a medication
physiological changes, aging
The RN needs to check for allergies prior to medications administration because?
determine if the medication is safe to administer
The movement of a medication into the body is known as?
Pharmacokinetics
The 3 identifiers that RN must use to determine the identity of a patient are:
UR number, date of birth, first and last name
Which of the following is a hypertonic solution?
10% Dextrose
You are a RN working on the ward another RN smells of alcohol and is administering medications
notify the nurse unit manager or team leader
What colour is used in Australia for cytotoxic precautions?
Purple
Which of the following is a local anaesthetic?
Lignocaine
Which is the normal dose of adrenaline during a cardiac arrest?
1 mg or 1mL of 1 : 1,000
Which of the following routes is considered parenteral?
Intraosseous
Why is it important to label your medication devices, fluid bags and lines?
all other answers are correct
What resource do you use to determine IV medication requirements?
Australian Injectable Drug Handbook
How do you check the patency of an IV cannula before you give the medication?
Flush the IVC with 0.9% NaCl
What type of medication is a S3 drug?
Pharmacist only
Which of the following medications is used as a bronchodilator?
Salbutamol
The period of time that a patient cannot have another dose from their PCA is called the?
Lockout
The position to place a patient when administering suppositories is?
on the left lateral position with leg flexed
What does distribution in regards to medication mean?
transport of drug from site of absorption to site of action
What does sublingual mean?
placed under the tongue
What is the best time of the day for a diabetic patient to have surgery?
Morning
Which of the following drugs are not an analgesic? Codeine Pethidine Ibuprofen Anginine
Anginine
Which of the following drugs is NOT an opioid? Morphine Endone Paracetamol Fentanyl
Paracetamol
The mode of action of NSAID is?
bind to cyclo-oxyenase and inhibits prostaglandin
The mode of action of opioids?
acts as agonist on opioid receptors in CNS
Which of the following is an adverse drug reaction to opioids? nausea and vomiting respiratory depression constipation all of the other answers are correct
all of the other answers are correct
For the medication order to be valid it must have:
Route, drug, dose, frequency
Brand name, route, dose, frequency
Drug, route, dose, time
Generic drug name, route, frequency, dose, doctors signature
Generic drug name, route, frequency, dose, doctors signature
One system factor that contributes to medication errors:
Facilities using untrained staff to administer medications
Crushing medications that should not be crushed
Not checking rights of administration
Knowledge deficits of medicines administered
Facilities using untrained staff to administer medications
The use of medications for end stage of life is aimed at?
Improve quality of life
The term hypernatremia refers to?
High levels of sodium in the blood
What is the appropriate treatment for hyperkalaemia?
Diuretics
Which of the following is a schedule 2 medication? Fentanyl Paracetamol Diazepam Temazepam
Paracetamol
Which medication is ordered if the patient has constipation? Senekot Lomotil Metoclopramide Buscopan
Senekot
What is a contraindication for the medication heparin? Ischaemic stroke Haemorrhagic stroke Myocardial infarction DVT
Haemorrhagic stroke
Which of the following is a general anaesthetic? Morphine Lignocaine Dexamethasone Propofol
Propofol
The doctor has prescribed penicillin for a patient with an allergy what should the nurse do?
withhold the medication and report to doctor
When calculating medication doses for children, what is important? Height of the child Weight of the child Age of the child The ability of the child to communicate
Weight of the child
Which of the following is considered a non parenteral route? Oral Intravenous Intramuscular Intraosseous
oral
Document to complete for patient vital signs? IV fluid order NIMC QADDs FBC
QADDs
Which of the following is a sign of an infection at an IV site? pain Redness Itchy Dizzyness
Redness
What is the time frame for a paper based telephone order to be signed by the doctor?
Within 24 hours
The advantage of using a Nikki T syringe driver is?
the patient has increased control over when they deliver a dose of drug
increase safety for the patient as the nurse does not check the infusion
more peaks and troughs in pain thresholds
continuous pain control
continuous pain control
Enoxaparin is used for? Respiratory depression VTE prophylactic Antidote to Warfarin Dehydration
VTE prophylactic
A patient has presented with asthma which drug do you expect the doctor to order?
Nebulised salbutamol
MDI stands for?
Metered dose inhaler
Which of the following is not an acceptable abbreviation for medications? mane nocte IM SC
SC
Which of the following medications relaxes the vascular smooth muscles of the body? Glyceryl trinitrate Metformin Enoxaparin Gentamicin
Glyceryl trinitrate
Heparin is given to people after a myocardial infarction because? It increases the risk for bleeding Prevents the formation of clots Thins the blood Helps the blood form clots
Prevents the formation of clots