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Pharm > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

glaucoma management: mast cell stabilizers (2)

A

idoxamide (Alomide)
cromolyn sodium (Crolom)

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2
Q

glaucoma management: antihistamines (5)

A

levocabastine (Livostin)
antazoline (Antazoline-V)
ketoifen (Zaditor)
pheniramine (Naphcon-A)
emedastine (Enadime)

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3
Q

glaucoma management: non-steroidal NSAIDs

A

flurbiprofen (Ocufen)
suprofen (Profenal)
diclofenac (Voltaren solution)
nepafenac (Nevanac)
ketorolac (Acular)

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4
Q

glaucoma management: corticosteroids

A

dexamethasone
prednisone

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5
Q

fluorescein stain

A

looks for corneal/epithelial abrasions
water soluble

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6
Q

otitis externa: swimmers ear (4)

A

Cortisporin
Cipro HC (not sterile, use if can see tympanic membrane)
Cipro dexamathasone (sterile)
Gentamicin, Ofloxacin (sterile)

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7
Q

acute otitis media

A

Amoxicillin!!!!

if not improvement in 48-72 hours… Augmentin or Ceftriaxone

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8
Q

topical decongestant

A

Afrin
contraindicated in those who use cocaine
use only for 3 days > tolerance/dependence
can cause systemic absorption

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9
Q

systemic decongestants (2)

A

pseudoephedrine
phenylephrine
do not use with MAOIs…HTN crisis

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10
Q

acute bacterial sinusitis

A

Amoxicillin!!!!
mostly viral
10-14 days to be considered bacterial
Macrolides (Azithro) and Bactrim not recommended

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11
Q

Strep Pharyngitis

A

Amoxicillin!!!!!
lozenges, salt water, tea, honey, humidifier, throw out toothbrush

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12
Q

pneumonia tx: no comorbidities

A

Amoxicillin, doxycycline, macrolide

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13
Q

pneumonia tx: with comorbidities

A

Augmentin + cephalosporin AND macrolides or doxycycline OR fluoroquinolone

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14
Q

TB: DOT

A

increases compliance
decreases resistance

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15
Q

TB: 1st line agents (4)

A

Isoniazid (INH)
Pyrazinamide (PZA)
Ethambuol (EMB)
Rifampicin (RIF)

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16
Q

beta 2 agonist

A

short term: albuterol
long term: symbicort
ultra long term: Anoro

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17
Q

beta 2 agonist: ADRs

A

cardiac arrhythmia

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18
Q

can a long acting beta 2 agonist be used by itself?

A

NO
increased risk of asthma related deaths

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19
Q

Xanthine

A

Theophylline
metabolized into caffeine
used for asthmas and COPD
narrow therapeutic window

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20
Q

Xanthine: ADRs (4)

A

tachycardia
irritability
headache
n/v/d

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21
Q

Muscarininc antagonist

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A

short term: ipitropium
long term: spirivia

22
Q

Muscarininc antagonist: indications/ADRs

Study These Flashcards
A

COPD and asthma
ADRs: constipation, dry mouth, tachycardia, flushed

23
Q

Steroids: inhaled

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A

fluticasone
decreases inflammation

24
Q

steroids: systemic

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A

prednisone
dexamethasone

25
steroids: indications, ADRs, education
COPD and asthma rinse mouth after use spacer is ideal dont swallow
26
leukotriene modifiers
Singulair and Montelukast allergies
27
smoking cessation: NRT
gums - follow directions!! lozenges - slowly dissolves in mouth, wean after 6 weeks patches nasal sprays inhaler
28
smoking cessation: NRT nasal spray
Nicotrol NS intranasal administration quick onset
29
smoking cessation: NRT inhaler
Nicotrol inhaled puff for 20 minuetes wean after 12 weeks cough, dry mouth, dyspepsia
30
smoking cessation: antidepressant (2)
Wellbutrin bupropion (Zyban)
31
smoking cessation: antidepressant contraindications/ADRs
seizure disorder, bulimia, anorexia neuro disorders, reduced renal function avoid in pregnancy ADRs: insomnia, dizziness, dry mouth
32
smoking cessation: Chantix
block nicotine form stimulating dopamine receptors start 7 days before quit date 0.5mg 3 days > 0.5mg BID for 4-7 days continue for 12 weeks
33
topical agents...
slow and incomplete absorption compared to oral drugs optimal absorption - moist skin after bathing rule of nines most skin infections - Staph or Strep
34
topical antibacterials: impetigo, nasal MRSA, acne, rosacea
Mupirocin (Bactroban) Retapamulin (Altabax) triple antibiotic ointment = bacitracin, neomycin, Polymyxin B Benzyl peroxide Erythromycin CLindamycin Metronizdazole
35
systemic antibacterials: impetigo, skin/soft tissue, infections, acne
S. aureus or S. pyogenes sensitive - Cephalexin (Keflex) Augmentin Dicloxacillin Minocycline
36
systemic bacterial infections: MRSA
MRSA-CA: Clindamycin, Bactrim, Doxycyline MRSA-HA: Vancomycin, Linezolid
37
systemic antifungals: diffuse tineas
Griseofulvin Keto/Itra/Flu -conazole Terbinafine
38
Griseofulvin
possible cross sensitivity with penicillins take with high fat foods a lot of drug interactions
39
topical antifungals
Clotrimazole Miconazole nasftifine (Nafin) Ciclopirox olamine (Penlac) Gentian Violet Nystatin butenafine (Lotrimin)
40
Acne: topical
benzyl peroxide - OTC, antiseptic retinoids - aka vitamin A, slowly introduce
41
acne: systemic
tetracycline spironolactone
42
acne: Accutane
requires two forms of birth control (category X [monthly pregnancy testing]) REMs certification take 15-20 weeks take with food cannot donate blood, impede healing
43
topical immunomodulators: Tacrolimus
atopic dermatitis and eczema lotions vs ointments used for short period of time may need to taper
44
ointment vs cream vs lotion
ointment - most occlusive, more potent cream - less occlusive, less potent lotion - least potent
45
topical immunomodulators: imiquimod
anogenital warts - 3x a week before bed, rinse actinic keratosis - 2x a week before bed, rinse basal cell carcinoma - 5x a week for 6 weeks
46
topical antipruritic
diphenhydramine doxepin - for severe itching, causes drowsiness
47
scabicides
Permethrin 5% apply to neck down, sleep, shower off in the morning repeat after 1 week itch for a while d/t dead bugs sitting in the skin "can you sleep through the night"
48
Pediculicides
Permethrin 1% Pyrethrin - head/body/pubic Malathion - flammable... do not blow dry hair Ivermectin - head lice
49
acute dermatitis
topical corticosteroids (PO for severe)/immunomodulators
50
chronic dermatitis
Dupixant moisturize allllll day
51
Psoriasis
rapid turnover of epidermal cells topical corticosteroids: Coal tar (slows growth, stains clothes) topical vitamin D3: Calcifitrine (watch Ca levels) biologics: Otezla

Pharm (2 decks)

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