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Medical Microbiology > Exam III > Flashcards

Exam III Flashcards

0
Q

What are the Exotoxins of B. anthracis?

A
  1. Lethal Factor
  2. Protective Ag
  3. Edema Factor
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1
Q

What is the capsule of B. anthracis composed of?

A

Poly-D-Glutamic Acid

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2
Q

What are the different forms of anthrax and their target organisms?

A
  1. Cutaneous (humans)
  2. Gastrointestinal (herbivores)
  3. Inhalation (terrorism)
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3
Q

What is a malignant pustule associated with?

A

Cutaneous Anthrax

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4
Q

What is “Woolsorter’s Disease” associated with?

A

Inhalation Anthrax

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5
Q

What is the treatment for inhalation or GI Anthrax?

A

Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

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6
Q

What is the treatment for cutaneous Anthrax?

A

Amoxicillin

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7
Q

Vaccine for B. anthracis

A

Alum precipitate with Protective Ag

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8
Q

What is Volutin and what is it associated with?

A

Polymerized Organic Metaphosphate visualized with Aniline dyes (Methylene Blue)

Corynebacteria

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9
Q

Which organisms are associated with acne?

A

diptheroid bacilli (Corynebacteria)

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10
Q

Which organisms are highly pleomorphic?

A

Corynebacteria diphtheria

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11
Q

How does Corynebacteria diphtheriae acquire the “Tox” gene?

A

Beta-corynephage

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12
Q

What disease forms a psudomembrane?

A

Respiratory diphtheria

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13
Q

What culture media is Corynebacteria diphtheria associated with?

A

Selective Media

  1. Tinsdale medium
  2. Colistin-nalidixic agar
  3. Cysteine-tellurite agar

Nonselective Media
1. Blood Agar

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14
Q

What organism is PCR and the Elek Test (Immunodiffusion) associated with and what do they identify?

A

Corynebacteria diphtheria

Identify diphtheria toxin

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15
Q

Antibiotic treatment for Diphtheria

A

Penicillin or Erythromycin

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16
Q

Vaccine for diphtheria

A

diphteria toxoid in DPT vaccine

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17
Q

What is the Schick test associated with and what is it used for?

A

Corynebacteria diphtheria

Measures neutralizing Abs/antitoxin

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18
Q

What organism are Sulfur granules associated with?

A

Actinomycoses

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19
Q

What organisms are Actiomycetes?

A
  1. Actinomycoses israeli

2. Arachnia propionica

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20
Q

What organisms are Nocardia?

A
  1. Nocardia ateroids
  2. Nocardia brasiliens
  3. Nocardia otitidiscavarium
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21
Q

What is mycetoma associated with?

A

Nocardia

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22
Q

What media does Nocardia grow on?

A

Nonselective bacteria, fungal, and mycobacterial media

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23
Q

What is cord factor associated with?

A
  1. Nocardia

2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

24
What diseases does Nocardia cause?
1. Primary Bronchopulmonary Disease | 2. Mycetoma (Primary cutaneous infections)
25
Types of Mycobacterium staining
1. Ziehl Nielsen | 2. Truant
26
What stains are used for the Ziehl Neelsen and the Truant respectively?
ZN: Carbolfuscin Truant: Flurochrome dyes (auramine or rhodamine)
27
What is Lowenstein-Jensen Agar associated with?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
28
What is Lupus Vulgaris associated with?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
29
What is the Ghon Complex associated with?
Primary Tuberculosis
30
What are the 2 types of materials that the Tuberculin test uses?
1. OT material | 2. PPD material
31
Vaccine for TB
Bacilli Calmette Guerin Vaccine | Attenuated bovine tubercle bacilli
32
What drugs are used for TB Tx?
1. Isoniazid (INH) 2. Ethambutol 3. Pyrazinamide 4. Rifampin
33
What does INH do?
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
34
What does Rifampin do?
Inhibits transcription (inhibits RNA polymerase)
35
What does Ethambutol do?
Inhibits arabino-galactan layer synthesis
36
What does Pyrazinamide do?
Active against TB bacilli at acid pH
37
Prophylaxis for TB
1. INH 2. Rifampin 3. Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol/Levofloxacin
38
What species make up to Mycobacterium avium complex?
1. Mycobacterium avium ss hominesuiss | 2. Mycobacterium intercellulare
39
Which organism is associated with a "cigarette packet" morphology?
Mycobacterium leprae
40
What is Lepromin and which form of Leprae is reactive to it?
Inactivated (killed) M. leprae Tuberculoid type is reactive
41
Tests for Tuberculoid and Leprematous Leprae
Tuberculoid: Specific skin test Leprematous: Acid-fast stain
42
What organs does M. Leprae commonly invade
1. Liver 2. Spleen 3. Kidney (usually)
43
Head and Neck Disease Non-spore anaerobes
1. Fusobacterium nucleatum 2. Fusobacterium necrophorum 3. Prevotella melaninogenica 4. Prevotella intermedia 5. Porphryomonas gingivalis 6. Porphyromonas asaccharolytica
44
Intra-Abdominal Disease Non-spore anaerobes
1. Bacteroides fragilis 2. Bacteroides thetaiotamicron 3. Prevotella melaninogenica
45
Gynecologic Disease Non-spore anaerobes
1. Bacteroides fragilis 2. Prevotella disiens 3. Prevotella bivia
46
Bacteremia disease non-spore anaerobes
1. Bacteroides fragilis 2. Bacteroides thetaiotamicron 3. Fusobacterium species
47
Skin and soft tissue disease non-spore anaerobes
1. Bacteroides fragilis
48
What toxin is Enterotoxigenic Diarrheal Disease associated with?
Bacteroides fragilis toxin (zinc metalloproteinase toxin)
49
Why is the LPS of the Black-pigmented bacteria and Bacteroides not endotoxic?
1. Lipid A does not have any phosphates on the Glucosamine residues 2. Decreased amount of Fatty Acids on the amino sugars
50
Abx Tx for the Non-spore Gram -ve Anaerobes
1. Metronidazole 2. Impenem 3. Clindamycin 4. Penicillin
51
Which types of C. botulinum are pathogenic and which one is the most pathogenic?
A, B, E, F (E is most pathogenic)
52
Antibiotic therapy for C. botulinum
1. Penicillin | 2. Metronidazole
53
What organism is associated with a "Drumstick" shape?
Clostridium tetani
54
What is Lockjaw associated with?
Tetanus
55
Antibiotic therapy for Clostridium tetani
1. Metronidazole | 2. Penicillin
56
Vaccine for Tetanus
Contains Tetanus Toxoid (Part of DPT vaccine)
57
What is necrotizing enteritis associated with?
Beta-toxin of Clostridium perfringens

Medical Microbiology (3 decks)

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