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Medical Microbiology > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

0
Q

Chemoprophylaxis for Neisseria menigitidis

A
  1. Rifampin
  2. Ciprofloxacin
  3. Ceftriaxone
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1
Q

Empiric Tx for Neisseria meningitidis

A

Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime

If penicillin-susceptible, switch to penicillin G

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2
Q

Immunoprophylaxis for Neisseria meningitidis

A

Chemoprophylaxis + Vaccine

Vaccine for serogroups A, C, Y, and W135
*NO Vaccine for serogroup B

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3
Q

Drug of choice for Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

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4
Q

What would you use to treat Neisseria gonorrhea with a Chlamydia infection superimposed?

A
  1. Azithromycin

2. Doxycycline

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5
Q

Neonate prophylaxis for Neisseria gonorrhea

A

1% Silver nitrate

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6
Q

Treatment for Opthalmia Neonatorum

A

Ceftriaxone

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7
Q

Vaccine for Neisseria gonorrhea

A

No vaccine

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8
Q

What are the different types of Teichoic acid of the Staphylococci and what organisms are they associated with?

A
  1. Ribitol teichoic acid with n-acetylglucosamine residues (polysaccharide A, S. aureus)
  2. Glycerol teichoic acid with glucosyl residues (polysaccharide B, S. epidermidis)
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9
Q

What is a good serological test for S. aureus?

A

Protein A test

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10
Q

What are the superantigens of Staphyloccoci?

A
  1. Enterotoxin

2. Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 (TSST-1)

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11
Q

What are predisposing factors for Staphyloccocus infection?

A
  1. Injury to the skin
  2. Prior viral infection
  3. Leukocyte defects
  4. Deficient Humoral or CMI
  5. Foreign Bodies
  6. Prophylaxis/Tx with Abx that Staph does not respond to
  7. Misc diseases (DM, CAD, uremia,
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12
Q

Which toxin is food poisoning associated with?

A

S. aureus Enterotoxin

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13
Q

Which toxin is Toxic Shock Syndrome associated with?

A

S. aureus TSSt-1

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14
Q

Which toxin is SSSS associated with?

A

S. aureus Exfoliative toxin

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15
Q

What Antibiotics are used for S. aureus infections?

A
  1. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (synergistic Abx)
  2. Doxycycline
  3. Minocycline
  4. Vancomycin (IV)
16
Q

What Antibiotics are used for Coagulase -ve Staphyloccocus infections?

A
  1. Oxacillin

2. Vancomycin (if strain in oxacillin-resistant)

17
Q

S. pyogenes (SC and HP)

A

SC: A
HP: Beta

18
Q

S. anginosus group (SC and HP)

A

SC: A, C, F, G, non-groupable
HP: Beta; some alpha or non-hemolytic

19
Q

S. agalactiae (SC and HP)

A

SC: B
HP: Beta; some non-hemolytic

20
Q

S. dysgalactiae (SC and HP)

A

SC: C, G
HP: Beta

21
Q

S. bovis (SC and HP)

A

SC: D
HP: Alpha or non-hemolytic; some Beta

22
Q

Viridans group (SC and HP)

A

SC: Non-groupable
HP: Alpha or non-hemolytic

23
Q

S. pneumoniae (SC and HP)

A

SC: Non-groupable
HP: Alpha

24
Which streptococci groups do not possess C-carbohydrate?
1. Viridans group | 2. S. pneumoniae
25
What is the T protein associated with?
Strep causing skin infections and ultimately acute glomerulonephritis
26
What structural components of Strep are associated with Rheumatic Fever?
1. C-Carbohydrate | 2. Cell Membrane
27
Which toxins/enzymes of Streptococcus have a medicinal use?
1. Streptokinase 2. Streptodornase 3. Hyaluronidase
28
Which Strep toxin is associated with Scarlet Fever?
Erythrogenic Toxin
29
What Antibiotics are used for Strep. pyogenes infections?
1. Penicillin V or Amoxicillin 2. Oral Cephalosporin or Macrolide for penicillin-allergic pts 3. IV Penicillin with Clindamycin for systemic infections
30
What are the main lab tests for Strep. pneumoniae?
1. Catalase -ve 2. Optochin susceptibility 3. Dissolves in bile
31
What is the Teichoic acid of Strep. pneumoniae composed of?
Phosphorylcholine (C-polysaccharide)
32
What are the functions of Strep. pneumoniae pneumolysin?
1. Destroy ciliated epithelial cells (bind to chol and create pores) 2. Activate classical complement pathway (C3a and C5a) 3. Inhibit oxidative burst
33
What is the typical host response to Strep. pneumoniae?
1. C3a and C5a --> inflammation | 2. Cytokines (IL-1, TNF-alpha) from WBCs --> more inflam cell migration, fever, tissue damage
34
What is the antibiotic of choice for Strep. pneumoniae?
Penicillin
35
Vaccine for Strep. penumoniae
1. 13-valent conjugated vaccine for kids <2 yrs old | 3. 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine for Adults
36
What is the major difference between bacterial endocarditis and rheumatic fever?
Endocarditis: vegetations contain bacteria Rheumatic fever: sterile vegetations
37
Vaccine for Strep. agalactiae (Group B)
No vaccine
38
What antibiotics are used for Strep. aglactiae (Group B) infection?
Penicillin G

Medical Microbiology (3 decks)

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