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Communications > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

shared meaning making where realities are created, recreated, and understood

A

communication

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2
Q

part of communication that communicates knowledge

A

language

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3
Q

model of communication that goes source to message to receiver to feedback

A

linear model

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4
Q

model of communication that says the sender and receiver interpret simultaneously based on their experiences

A

interactional model

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5
Q

model of communication that is dynamic, changes the communicators and looks at their context situation bubble, relationship, and culture

A

transactional model

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6
Q

type of noise that is able to be heard

A

physical noise

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7
Q

type of noise that is based on complex words, dialects, etc

A

semantic noise

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8
Q

type of noise that has a cognitive influence on the message (stressed, tired, etc)

A

psychological noise

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9
Q

type of noise that has a biological influence on the message (hunger, sickness, etc)

A

physiological noise

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10
Q

links communication to community, fellowship, and the representation of shared beliefs within a society

A

ritual view

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11
Q

language, ethnicity, laws, geography, food, etc.

A

culture

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12
Q

being aware of and creating meaning from the world around us

A

perception

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13
Q

influential people in the situation you find yourself in

A

significant other

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14
Q

your sense of how others see you

A

generalized other

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15
Q

set of expectations used to make sense of social situations using verbal and nonverbal communication

A

frames

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16
Q

used to understand your role in a situation

A

frame analysis

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17
Q

set of explanations, concepts, and principles describing aspects of the world

A

theory

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18
Q

every conclusion creates a new series of questions

A

specification of ignorance

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19
Q

active, systematic process of discovery, leading from observation to knowledge then theory

A

scientific inquiry

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20
Q

what is the nature of reality? what is knowable? things that can be measured

A

ontology

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21
Q

how is knowledge created and expanded?

A

epistemology

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22
Q

what is the proper role of values in research and theory building?

A

axiology

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23
Q

theory that looks for objective reality, removed from research

A

postpositivist theory

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24
Q

theory that is the systematic interpretation of social actions, trying to understand multiple truths based on experiences

A

interpretative theory

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25
theory interested in making change, focus on power structures
critical theory
26
manipulation of one variable to measure influence on another variable
experiments
27
rely on questionnaires and interviews to solicit self-reported data
surveys
28
message or group of messages with the goal of describing and interpreting the text
textual analysis
29
quantitative textual analysis, objective categorization, measurement
content analysis
30
study of social interactions from inside cultures
ethnography
31
spoken words based in language
verbal communication
32
ordering of words and sounds to convey specific meaning
syntax
33
people who speak the same language and agree on the proper/improper use of language
speech community/network
34
hypothesis that says the language a speaker uses influences the way they think
linguistic relativity hypothesis
35
unstated comparison between things or events that share a feature
metaphor
36
language signifying concepts, qualities, or ideas, VAGUE
abstract language
37
function of language that expresses what you need and gets it
instrumental function
38
function of language that controls the actions of others, dependent on roles
regulatory function
39
function of language that provides information to others
informative function
40
function of language that changes someone's views on something
persuasive function
41
function of language that establish, define, and maintain relationships
relational function
42
function of language that to delight or entertain the speaker and listener
imaginative function
43
function of language that to meet a social convention
ritualistic function
44
function of language that to state personal feels, attitudes or thoughts
expressive function
45
meaning made in a given context by including or excluding specific language
situational meaning
46
meaning made by choice of words when speaking with a specific group of people
social meaning
47
language is influenced and judged by the culture where it exists
cultural meaning
48
because there are many different meanings to language, there are many ways to misinterpret things
syntactic ambiguity
49
using polite language to protect face
politeness theory
50
public self-image
face
51
reflects desire to feel appreciated or gain approval
positive face-wants
52
reflects desire to be unimpeded in actions/free from intrusion
negative face-wants
53
communication without the use of language
nonverbal communication
54
type of framing that says the same message with verbal and nonverbal
repeat
55
type of framing that emphasizes with nonverbal
complement
56
type of framing that has different meanings for verbal and nonverbal
contradict
57
type of framing that only uses nonverbal
substitute
58
type of framing that uses nonverbal to dictate conversation
regulate
59
using space and distance to make meaning
proxemics
60
communicating through touch
haptics
61
using time to convey meaning
chronemics
62
using body motions to convey meaning
kinesics
63
sounds and rhythms that come out of your mouth but are not words
vocalics
64
use of pupil dilation, eye movement, and eye contact
oculesics
65
use of face's mobility in communication
facial expressions
66
physical attributes that communicate meaning
physical appearance
67
objects we use to identify ourselves
artifacts
68
temperature, weather, smells, lighting, designs
environmental factors
69
actively making meaning from spoken messages of others
listening
70
what does the H.U.R.I.E.R. model stand for?
hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, responding
71
information overload, speaker moving, anything other than physical noise that creates a barrier to listening
external distractions
72
type of counterproductive listening- pretending to listen
fakers
73
type of counterproductive listening- listening to gain affinity from partner but missing message
dependent listeners
74
type of counterproductive listening- listening only to respond
interrupters
75
type of counterproductive listening- paying more attention to their own conversation contributions
self-conscious listeners
76
type of counterproductive listening- listening only with your head and blocking out nuances
intellectual listeners
77
type of listening- listening to be informed, understand the message
informative
78
type of listening- listening for enjoyment or pleasure
appreciative
79
type of listening- listening to maintain relationships
relational/emotional
80
type of listening- evaluating or analyzing what's being said
critical
81
type of listening- listening carefully to sort out important information
discriminative
82
when a speaker addresses an audience in a more structured and formal way than a normal conversation
public speaking
83
type of public speaking- to inform/educate people, share knowledge and understanding
informative speech
84
type of public speaking- move audience towards your opinion on a specific subject or reinforce existing opinions
persuasive speech
85
type of public speaking- presenting for only a few people, or a team doing a presentation
small group
86
type of public speaking- presenting at an event
special occasion
87
communication specifically intended to shape, reinforce, or change the responses of others
persuasion
88
when we encounter new information, requiring some judgement or evaluation
response shaping
89
communication deepens our commitment to already held attitudes or behaviors
response reinforcing
90
communication moves our attitudes or behaviors from an existing position to another
response changing
91
deeply held judgments about what's important
values
92
proposition about something
beliefs
93
beliefs that can be proven or disproven
descriptive beliefs
94
beliefs that are subjective, not proven (good, bad)
prescriptive beliefs
95
beliefs that are subjective judgment (likes, dislikes)
evaluative beliefs
96
beliefs around a situation or object that causes one to respond in a preferable way
attitudes
97
concrete, observable actions
behavior
98
receiver's perception of the source's expertise
source credibility
99
degree to which you see a similarity between you and the persuader- creates a personal connection
perceived similarity
100
what a person looks like that influences effectiveness of persuasion, shapes credibility, trustworthiness
physical attractiveness
101
rational arguments, use of evidence, appeals, fear, emotional appeal
message characteristics
102
motivation to process persuasive communication because it is relevant to some personal value, outcome, impression
involvement

Communications (2 decks)

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