Exam One

Question 1

Which plane divides the body into top and bottom?

Answer 1

Transverse

Question 2

Homeostasis refers to what?

Answer 2

Maintaining interal conditions

Question 3

The heart is in the ______ region of the body.
A) appendicular
B) axial
C) lateral
D) medial

Answer 3

B) axial

Question 4

The knee is ___ to the ankle
A) superficial
B) deep
C) superior
D) inferior

Answer 4

C) superior

Question 5

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a what?

Answer 5

Physiologist

Question 6

The spinal cord is found in what body cavity?

Answer 6

Dorsal

Question 7

The hip is ____ to the knee
A) distal
B) medial
C) lateral
D) proximal

Answer 7

D) proximal

Question 8

The lungs are found in which cavity?

Answer 8

The thoracic cavity

Question 9

The brain is found in the _____ body cavity
A) dorsal
B) superior
C) ventral
D) inferior

Answer 9

A) dorsal

Question 10

Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism?

A)frostbite due to exposure to cold
B) dehydration from lack of water intake
C) increasing body temperature during exercise
D) shivering in response to a drop in body temperature

Answer 10

D) shivering in response to a drop in body temperature

Question 11

Some cells are free floating while others are bound together to form walls. Cells form these intercellular bonds by using what?

Answer 11

Membrane proteins

Question 12

There is typically a fluid inside the cell called __________, and a fluid outside the cell called ________.

Answer 12

Intracellular fluid, extra cellular fluid

Question 13

Which function is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 13

Protein synthesis

Question 14

Imagine you have a glass of water. You slowly start to add salt to the glass by turning your salt shaker over the glass. Over time the solution will become more what?

Answer 14

Hypertonic

Question 15

Exocytosis is a type of:
A) cell division
B) vesicular transport
C) cell reproduction
D) cell binding

Answer 15

B) vesicular transport

Question 16

What cellular structure is MOST responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis?

Answer 16

Plasma membrane

Question 17

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Answer 17

Protein synthesis

Question 18

What organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?
A)the nucleus
B) a mitochondrion
C)a centriole
D) a lysosome
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 18

D) a lysosome

Question 19

The plasma membrane contains proteins. Which of the following is a function of these membrane proteins?

A)contain markers to identify the cell as part of the host
B) to selectively allow substances into the cell
C) to selectively allow substances out of the cell.
D) all of the above.

Answer 19

D) all of the above.

Question 20

The smallest unit of life is what?

Answer 20

A cell

Question 21

An ATP molecule that loses its terminal phosphate becomes what?

Answer 21

ADP

Question 22

Which substance becomes more abundant during cellular respiration?

Answer 22

ATP

Question 23

A protein that is altered by exposure to certain chemicals, heat, extremes of pH, electricity, or radiation, is said to be what?

Answer 23

Denatured

Question 24

The transfer of genetic information from the nucleus into the cytoplasm is a function of what type of RNA?

Answer 24

Messenger RNA

Question 25

All of the DNA in a cell constitutes what?

Answer 25

The genome

Question 26

Enzymes enable chemical reactions in organisms to proceed fast enough to sustain life by: A) Raising the activation energy B) Lowering the activation energy C) Sending ATP molecules out of cells D) Creating more efficient metabolic pathways E) Bringing energy in the form of ATP molecules into cells

Answer 26

B) Lowering the activation energy

Question 27

Enzymes: A) are mostly nucleic acids. B) slow metabolic reactions. C) do not change as they control reactions. D) increase activation energy. E) are consumed in reactions.

Answer 27

C) do not change as they control reactions.

Question 28

The reactions of anaerobic respiration occur in the: A) nucleus. B) vesicles. C) cytosol. D) Golgi apparatus. E) mitochondria.

Answer 28

C) cytosol.

Question 29

The organelle that houses the reactions of aerobic respiration is the A) Golgi apparatus. B) oxysome. C) nucleus. D) mitochondrion. E) lysosome.

Answer 29

D) mitochondrion.

Question 30

A piece of bread held in the mouth begins to taste sweet as large carbohydrate molecules are broken down into smaller sugars. These reactions are examples of what?

Answer 30

Catabolism

Question 31

Which of the following is not one of the four primary classes of tissue? A) muscular tissue B) cartilagenous tissue C) epithelial tissue D) nervous tissue

Answer 31

B) cartilagenous tissue

Question 32

Dead scaly keratinized cells are found in which layer of the epithelium? A) stratum corneum B) stratum spinosum C) stratum granulosum D) stratum lucidum

Answer 32

A) stratum corneum

Question 33

Connective tissues are all composed of cells, fibers and what else?

Answer 33

Ground substance

Question 34

The two types of cells that make up nervous tissue are what?

Answer 34

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 35

The deepest layer of cells in epithelial tissue is attached to a membrane. What is the name of the membrane?

Answer 35

The basement membrane

Question 36

Tendons and ligaments are made predominantly of which protein?

Answer 36

Collagen

Question 37

Where is hyaline cartilage found in the body?

Answer 37

The joints

Question 38

Tendons are in a category of what type of connective tissue?

Answer 38

Tendons are dense regular connective tissue because their fibers are parallel and closely spaced

Question 39

Two of the types of cartilage are hyaline and: A) dense B) osseous C) spongy D) elastic E) connective

Answer 39

D) elastic

Question 40

In which of the following tissues would you be least likely to find blood vessels?

Answer 40

Epithelium

Question 41

Which of the following substances is not an element? A) Carbon B) Water C) Oxygen D) Iron

Answer 41

B) Water

Question 42

Which of the following is not organic? A) carbon dioxide B) a carbohydrate C) a protein D) a lipid

Answer 42

A) carbon dioxide

Question 43

Synthesis reactions: A) Separate molecules to form two or more smaller molecules. B) Always create energy C) Put molecules together to form a larger molecule D) Always use energy

Answer 43

C) Put molecules together to form a larger molecule

Question 44

Which best describes one of the roles of lipids in the human body? A) an energy source B) a structural building block C) a electrical conductor D) a generator of electricity

Answer 44

A) an energy source

Question 45

A decomposition reaction can be symbolized as ____. A) AB + CD → AC + BD B) A+B→C+D C) AB→A+B D) A+B→AB

Answer 45

C) AB→A+B

Question 46

All of the food we eat, liquids that we drink and medications that we take are what?

Answer 46

Chemicals

Question 47

Water has a pH of what?

Answer 47

7

Question 48

Which element is NOT found in abundance in the human body? A) iron B) carbon C) hydrogen D) oxygen

Answer 48

A) iron

Question 49

An atom that has gained or lost an electron is called what?

Answer 49

An ion

Question 50

Which of the following substances only function is to provide energy for the body: A)protein B) acid C) carbohydrate D) lipid

Answer 50

C) carbohydrate