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Human Body in Health and Disease > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

Is the nervous system fast or slow acting?

A

Fast acting

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2
Q

Is the endocrine system fast or slow acting?

A

Slow acting

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3
Q

What is the ability to sense changes and react to them?

A

Responsiveness

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4
Q

What is the process of removing wastes from the body?

A

Excretion

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5
Q

Orientation/Directional terms to know (4)

A

LOOK UP LATER

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6
Q

How is the sagittal section cut?

A

Lengthwise/longitudinal

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7
Q

How is the frontal section cut?

A

Divides anterior and posterior

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8
Q

How is the transverse section cut?

A

Horizontally

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9
Q

Dorsal body cavity includes…

A

Cranial and spinal cavity

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10
Q

Ventral body cavity includes…

A

Thoracic, abdominopelvic, abdominal, pelvic

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11
Q

What is the deepest skin layer?

A

Reticular Layer

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12
Q

What are also known as bedsores?

A

Decubitus Ulcers

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13
Q

What three pigments contribute to skin color?

A

Melanin - yellow, reddish-brown
Carotene - orange-yellow
Hemoglobin - rosy glow

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14
Q

Alterations of skin color…

A

Erythema - Redness
Pallor - pale
Jaundice - yellow
Bruises - black and blue

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15
Q

What is the over activity of the sebaceous glands?

A

Seborrhea

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16
Q

Examples of sweat glands

A

Eccrine and Apocrine

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17
Q

What lines the external of the lungs?

A

Visceral

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18
Q

What is also known as athlete’s foot?

A

Tinea Pedis

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19
Q

What is caused by HIV?

A

Cold sores (fever blisters)

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20
Q

What is damaged in a first degree burn?

A

Superficial epidermis

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21
Q

What is damaged in a second degree burn?

A

Epidermis and superficial dermis

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22
Q

What is damaged in a third degree burn?

A

Both epidermis and dermis and often extend to subcutaneous tissue

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23
Q

What is damaged in a fourth degree burn?

A

Reaches the bone, muscle, or tendons

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24
Q

What does the ABCDE rule recognize?

A

Melanoma

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25
What are 5 points of the ABCDE rule?
``` Asymmetry Border Irregularity Color Diameter Evolution ```
26
What does the hypodermis consist of?
Adipose tissue
27
What makes the epidermis a tough protective layer? What process is used?
Keratin | Keratinization
28
The ABCD rule classifies...
Melanoma
29
What is the "tanning" effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun?
Melanin
30
What does the parietal pericardium cover?
The roots of the heart
31
What tissue conducts electrochemical impulses?
Nervous tissue
32
Where is the axillary found?
The armpit
33
Where is the orbital found?
The eye area
34
Where is the inguinal found?
Area where thigh meets body trunk
35
Where is the umbilical found?
The navel
36
Where is the femoral found?
Thigh
37
The ovary is part of what two systems?
The reproductive and endocrine system
38
What type of transport is likely responsible for the process of a cell ingesting bacteria?
Endocytosis
39
The spleen and the tonsils are part of what system?
The lymphatic system
40
What is the movement of fluid through the cell membrane from a high pressure area to a lower area?
Filtration
41
Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
Transverse
42
The brachial, antecubital, and carpal are found in which body part?
The arm
43
The epithelial tissue found in areas subject to considerable friction and abuse is what?
Stratified squamous epithelium
44
What type of tissue has an apical surface and a basement membrane?
Epithelial tissue
45
What type of tissue is specialized to contract and produce movement?
Muscle tissue
46
What type of tissue can be stratified or simple?
Epithelial tissue
47
What type of tissue can be classified as "loose" or "dense"?
Connective tissue
48
What tissue has the functional characteristics of irritability and conductivity?
Nervous tissue
49
What are nails composed of?
Keratin
50
What is the relationship of the thoracic cavity and the spinal cavities?
The thoracic cavity is ventral to the spinal cavity
51
What type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels?
The smooth muscle
52
What is the correct sequence in the levels of structural organization?
``` Chemical level Cellular level Tissue level Organ level Organ system level Organismal level ```
53
Nutrients reach the epidermis through what process?
Diffusion
54
What protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge?
Keratin
55
What is the opposite of distal?
Proximal
56
What is the only dry membrane?
Mucous membrane
57
What solution contains fewer solutes than the cell?
Hypotonic
58
What warms the body when its cold?
The arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright
59
What is the anatomical position?
The body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing forward
60
What feedback system operates in a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases?
Positive
61
What is a vital function of the skin?
Converts modified epidermal cholesterol into vitamin D
62
What are sweat glands that are associated with hair?
Sudoriferous glands
63
Inferior is...
Below
64
Dorsal is...
Behind
65
Lateral is...
Toward the side
66
Distal is...
Father from the origin of the body or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
67
Ventral is...
In front of...
68
Mucous membranes line...
Body cavities that have openings to the exterior of the body
69
What is the inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands?
Boils
70
What element of a control system detects a change?
Receptor
71
Which system covers the external surface of the body and manufactures vitamin D?
Integumentary system
72
What kind of tissue is fat?
Adipose tissue
73
What are tiny finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the cell for a quicker absorption?
Microvilli
74
What section divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal left and right parts?
Median (midsagittal)
75
Which homeostatic imbalance imbalance that is caused by skin exposure to chemicals?
Contact dermititis
76
How do physicians estimate the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient?
Using the "rule of nines"
77
What are sudoriferous glands are important?
Body heat regulation
78
The skeletal muscle is what kind of tissue?
Muscle tissue
79
What is the correct order of elements in a control system?
``` Stimulus Receptor Afferent pathway Control center Efferent pathway Effector Response ```
80
What are finger-like upward projections of the dermis into the epidermis?
Dermal papillae
81
What body cavity are the lungs and heart in?
Thoracic cavity
82
What is not a survival need?
Reproduction
83
What is the infection of the sebaceous glands accompanied by skin pimples?
Acne
84
What is fluid-like blisters caused by herpes simplex virus?
Cold sores
85
What is the overproduction of skin cells causing dry, silvery scales?
Psoriasis
86
What is the cancer of skin pigment cells?
Malignant melanoma
87
What is hair thinning and some degree of baldness?
Alopecia
88
What organs are housed in the abdominopelvic cavity?
Stomach, liver, intestines, bladder, rectum ,and reproductive organs
89
What is the gluteal region?
Buttock
90
What is not a necessary life function?
Nutrients
91
Where are synovial membranes found?
Joint cavities
92
What represents the body thermostat that is located in a part of the brain called the hypothalamus?
Control center

Human Body in Health and Disease (2 decks)

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