Exam one add-ons Flashcards
During phase 1 of clinical drug trials, potential uses and effects are determined by what action?
a. Giving doses to healthy volunteers
b. Giving doses to people with the disease
c. Utilizing double blind studies
d. Utilizing crossover studies
a. Giving doses to healthy volunteers
Pharmacodynamics involves the biological effects of a drug that is exerted on a living system. This occurs by ligand complexes with all of the following except
a. Membrane receptors
b. Enzymes
c. Albumin
d. Intracellular receptors
c. Albumin
What is an example of a drug that has affinity for a receptor but does not elicit a response?
a. Albuterol
b. Lisinopril
c. Metoprolol
d .morphine
c. Metoprolol
Anaphylactic shock is a:
a. Type I reaction called immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
b. Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
c. Type III allergic reaction, call the noon complex hypersensitivity
d. Type IV reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
a. Type I reaction called immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
Which receptor type acts as a binding site for many hormones, adrenoreceptors and chemokines?
a. Transmembrane G protein coupled receptor
b. Transmembrane ligand gated ion channels
c. Enzyme linked receptors
d. nuclear receptor
a. Transmembrane G protein coupled receptor
What is the effect of drug antagonism?
a. There is an increased physiological response of endogenous hormones.
b. The drug is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug
c. The drug cannot be metabolize before another dose is administered
d. There is a decreased physiological response when combined with another drug.
d. There is a decreased physiological response when combined with another drug.
Which of the following is a true statement about drug A that reaches maximum effect at 10 mg as opposed to drug B that requires 100 mg to produce the same effect?
a. Drug A is more efficacious
b. Drug B has a lower affinity
c. Drug A is more potent
d. Drug A is more selective
c. Drug A is more potent
Lock and key
Specificity
Greater affinity for certain receptor subtypes
Selectivity
Dose of a drug required to produce a specific effect
Potency
Determines what happens at a receptor
Efficacy
Attraction to the receptor
Affinity
In general, the effect of a drug is limited by which one of the following?
a. All available receptors are saturated
b. There are not enough receptors present.
c. The drug dose is too small
d. The receptor is allosteric in structure
a. All available receptors are saturated
These respond to peptide ligands
Cytokine receptors
These require second messengers
G protein linked receptors