exam qs

Question 1

compare fish and mammal

Answer 1

both have closed circulatory system.
fish has 1 a+v 2 chambers and no septum.mammals have 2a and v 4 chambers w one septum.
fish is less efficient at transporting o2,mammals are more.fish has low metabolic rate mammals has high metabolic rate.fish has low bp, mammals maintained at high pressures.by having single closed CS blood has to flow through capillaries twice, by having double closed blood has to flow through capillaries once.

Question 2

Compare arteries veins and capillaries

Answer 2

Arteries have smaller lumen,smaller diameter,less collagen,more elastic tissue than vein
Capillaries have no elastic tissue no collagen,only once cell thick etc

Question 3

Describe movement of fluid in n out of capillary based on pressures

Answer 3

At arteoriole end when HS pressure higher than oncotic fluid moves out of capillaries
At venue end when HS pressure lower than oncotic pressure fluid moves into capillaries

Question 4

Normal eeg

Answer 4

Has not got atrial fibrillation
Has regular burst of electrical impulses through atria
Electrical impulses only from SAN
Has a defined P phase

Question 5

compare frog and mammal

Answer 5

oth have a double CS, but in mammals, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are fully separated. Mammals have a four-chambered heart, so blood is pumped separately to the lungs and the body, ensuring that only oxygenated blood reaches the body.

Frogs have a three-chambered heart, so oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix in the single ventricle. Blood from the frog heart is sent to both lungs and body together, meaning the blood reaching tissues is only partially oxygenated.
Mammalian circulation is more efficient, delivering max oxygen to body cells, supporting their higher metabolic rate and. Frog circulation is less efficient, but sufficient for their lower metabolic needs,,

Question 6

explian how studen csan use data in table one to determine water potenial oof potato tuber tissue

Answer 6

no change of mass occurs when the water potential of (sucrose) solution = water potential of potato (tissue)
no change in mass (of potato) between 0.2 and 0.3 mol dm-3
plot graph of concentration of , sucrose / solution , against (%) change in mass
and
find which (sucrose) concentration gives no change in mass of potato

Question 7

disadvanategs of eryhrocytes
whaatdoes boiling in water do to membranes

Answer 7

noj nucelus n membrane bound orgaenneles so it can undergo mitosis and so it only lasts 120 days

destroy them so osomosis isnt possible

Question 8

how n why is i calibrated

Answer 8

filla cuvette with distilled eaer yo put absorbance value to 0.
to get accurate values