Exam Questions Flashcards
(63 cards)
Why does table sugar have a lower glycaemic index than glucose?
Table sugar is sucrose which is composed of half glucose and half fructose. Fructose only causes a small rise in blood sugar levels
State two cardiovascular conditions which in which supplemental CoQ10 if beneficial and how?
Angina pectoris - CoQ10 improves exercise tolerance and reduced ECG changes
Heart attack - reduced post-infarct heart damage
Two side effects of taking shiitake mushrooms?
Abdominal discomfort
Shiitake dermatitis
Photosensitivity
3 benefits of breastfeeding to mothers?
Delays return of ovulation thus lengthening birth intervals
Conserve iron stores by prolonging amenorrhoea
May protect against breast and ovarian cancer
Two ways breastfeeding offers immunological protection for babies?
Provides bifidus factors which act as prebiotics for beneficial bacteria
Iron binding protein lactoferrin bonds to iron preventing it from fuelling bacterial growth
Maternal antibodies in milk inactive pathogenic bacteria in babies gut
Why is early puberty in girls a concern?
Puberty before the age of 12 is strongly associated with breast cancer
3 factors which contribute to the development of sarcopenia?
Sedentary lifestyle
Decreased protein intake / increased simple carbohydrate intake
Insulin resistance
State 5 factors which could explain why cancer rates are lower in vegetarians?
More insulin sensitive
High levels of antioxidants
Less exposure to dietary carcinogens
Different bowel flora
Less exposure to oestrogens
Describe the concept of the TCM body clock?
Energy circulated in our bodies in a distinct patterns from organ to organ, this energy give the organ fuel to function.
Each organ takes an active role in the body at a given time.
If any disease of illness occurs the related organ can be treated as it’s specific time as given on the TCM.
Hormones associated with decreased food intake?
Serotonin Dopamine Histamine Leptin CCK Insulin
What worrying effects were observed on wildlife during the use of DDT?
Atlantic salmon exposed as eggs experienced impaired balance and delayed appearance of normal behaviour patterns
Egg shell thinning in birds
Name 3 conditions which mean you should not take the OCP?
Blood clots Heart disease Liver disease Breast cancer Cancer of the uterus
Long term use of cocaine can lead to what unpleasant side effects?
Insomnia Depression Anxiety Paranoia Psychosis
Example treatment aims?
Normalise blood glucose homeostasis
Support hepatic function by increasing bile production
Support oestrogen metabolism
Eliminate dysbiosis and improve bowel motility
Reduce cortisol production to reduce effects of stress on the body
Examples of things to put in naturopathic summary?
Fatigue due to poor intake of macro and micro nutrients - minconutrient intake crucial for mitochondrial function
Poor blood glucose regulation causing energy dips - contributed to by irregular food intake and lack of protein combined with using caffeine and refined sugar as stimulants
Constipation is contributed to by lack of soluble fibre in diet and sedentary lifestyle
Indoors most of the time so may be deficient in vitamin d - reduced insulin sensitivity
Why is digestive and microbiological imbalance in FMM seen as important?
Our ability to take in goodness from the environment is dependant on our digestive and absorption capacity
Our microbial balance on our gut can affect both digestion and absorption and our elimination and immunity
Two risks associated with smithing and the female reproductive system?
Infertility and delay in conception
Premature delivery and increased complications
Cancer of the cervix
Early menopause
How is the growth rate of the nail used as a health evaluation tool?
Slower growth rate can indicate thyroid or other metabolic disorders
Time of events can be estimated from location of marks - ridges and white spots etc
What is a geographical tongue and what nutrient does it indicate the need for?
Cracks all over the tongue
Need for b2 and b complex
4 features of a yin person?
Quiet/withdrawn
Slow/lethargic
Dislikes cold
Stool light/loose
Very pale or clay coloured stools are indicative of what issue?
Insufficient production of bile
How many calories in 100g or fat and 50g of protein?
100 x 9
50 x 7
What 3 factors should be taken into account in regards to energy requirements during disease/trauma?
Energy expenditure can be altered by disease or injury
Physical activity in disease is impaired
Underfeeding or overfeeding critically ill patients can result in metabolic complications
Through what mechanism do low energy density foods usually stimulate feelings of satiety?
Stimulation of mechanoreceptors
Increased fibre/bulk
