exam rev. Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
benefits of increased La tolerance
A
-increase buffer ability of LA
-able to work at higher intensities anaerobically 4 longer beyond lip (>85%)
-able to work at max intensities
2
Q
if i have a higher LA , will i have increase or decrease LA by end of 1 min
A
increased LA accumulated as can tolerate more
3
Q
does CP ever completely deplete
A
no - all 3 energy systems contribute at all times
4
Q
informed consent for a minor
A
MUST INFORM PARENTALS/ GUARDIAN
5
Q
adaptations of HIIT
A
- increased capillarisation
- decrease systolic and diastollic bp
- increased mit size and no 📌
- increase LA tolerance
- increase resting glycogen content
- increase muscle oxidative capacity 📌
6
Q
hyperthermia
A
- increase blood flow to surface of skin via vasodilation
- decrease blood plasmaa
TOO HOT
7
Q
hypothermia
A
- increase blood flow via vasodilation to the vital organs to keep warm and sustain function
- shivering - utilises increased energy
TOO COLD
8
Q
energy for muscle contraction
A
result from energy released during the splitting of the 3rd phosphate molecule - breaks the high energy bond and forms ADP +Pi
9
Q
fats - blood and muscle
A
- body = adipose tissue
- muscle = triglycerides
- blood= free fatty acids
10
Q
carbs
A
- blood= glucose
- muscles = glycogen
-body = adipose tissue
11
Q
protein
A
-bodily fluid = amino acid
- skeletal muscle = muscle
12
Q
LIP - vo2 and hr
A
- 74% vo2 max
- 85% mhr
13
Q
fundamental motor skills
A
- stability skills
- locomotor skills
- manipulative skills
14
Q
cognitive - what practice and feedback ?
A
- closed
-distributed - blocked
- primarily knowledge of performance cause cant detect own errors
15
Q
associative - practice, variability and feedback?
A
- becomes open skill
-distributed - serial
- primarily external kop but also incorporate intrinsic feedback
16
Q
autonomous - practice, variability, feedback
A
-open skill
-massed /distributed
-random
- primarily internal feedback
17
Q
advantage of direct coaching
A
- skill acquisition
- very structured and coach makes all decisions - focus on understanding skill
18
Q
disadvantages of direct coaching
A
- learner- x require to think for themselves - hard to transfer skills into game play
- boring and repetitive - decrease participation and motivation - also decrease success under pressure and increase risk of choking
19
Q
advantages of constraints coaching
A
- practice game scenarios = decrease risk of choking
- tactical development and autonomous \
- more successful and more challenging - increase practice variability - increase enjoyment
- can link perception and action
20
Q
disadvantage of constraints
A
- slower skill acquisition bc of variability
- less structured and controlled
- hard to monitor workload - decrease participation
- more knowledge needed for coach
21
Q
constraints coaching
A
interaction bw individual and the environment affecting the learner - link bw perception and action
-game approach / open
22
Q
qualitative analysis
A
systemic observation of quality of human movement and technique for purpose of providing specific feedback
23
Q
evaluation - performance measures
A
- objective = impartial measurement without bias / measures time and distance
- subjective= influenced by personal judgement - refer to quality and characteristic of perforrmance
24
Q
ways of error correction
A
- concurrent (in game)
- during training (terminal) =visual models, guide through technique, modify training w constraints based learning
25
mass
measure of amount of matter in an object
26
inertia
tendency of a body to resist a change in its state of motion
increase mass - increase inertia - increase force to overcome
27
force
push or pull on a body that alters its state of motion
28
weight
mass x gravity
29
frictional force
contact bw two surfaces - opposes motion
30
force summation
correct timing and sequencing of body segments and muscles through a range of motion
31
sequential - generate force
- strong and large muscles first
- use as many body parts as possible - force generated over greater period of time
-transfer momentum from one body part to another while at max velocity
- ensure appropriate follow through in order to avoid unnecessary deceleration
32
conservation of momentum
when two bodies collide the total momentum is conserved/ the same . the total momentum prior to collision= total momentum after collision. momentum will likely to be transferred bw bodies
33
moment of inertia defintion
measure of an objects resistance to its rate of rotation
34
apply impulse to when a cricketer ' give in ' to the ball
b/c impulse = change in momentum (force xtime) , then increase time the force is applied - change in momentum increase - decrease impact force - easier to catch and reduced risk of injury
35
why does a ball with same force have different rate of acceleration
rate of change of velocity of an object + equation (m=f/a)
- must have different mass - lighter balls have a faster acceleration
36
1 NLOAM
angular motion of a body remains constant unless acted upon by an external torque
37
N 2LOAM
torque applied to an object will produce a change in angular motion in direction of torque and directly prop to size of torque and inversly prop. to object MOI
- increase torque increases acceleration
38
linear distance
path travelled from start to finish regardless of direction
39
linear displacement
difference bw final and initial position of an object
40
angular distance
equals angular distance covered by a rotating body
41
angular displacement
equal to final and initial position of rotating object
42
linear speed
rate of motion
distance - time
43
linear velocity
measure displacement of an object over time
disp / time
44
angular speed
rate of rotation
angular distance/time
45
angular velocity
rate of change of angular displacement
46
angle of release
- optimal for max distance = 45 degrees
- if landing height > release = >45 degrees eg bball throw
- if landing height< release= < 45 degrees eg javelin
47
balance
ability to control equilibrium
48
stability
degree to which body resist change in equilibrium
49
why would an athlete want to lean forward prior to race
positioning line close to edge of BOS or outside will mean small force is required to move the body in the required direction
- also increase bos and space for log to fall within - increase balance for tackles
50
activity analysis
- important link bw training& actual performance
- determine physical requirement of sport (es,mg,fc) so a specific training program = designed
51
types of activity analysis
heart rate monitor
w:r ratio
movement patterns
skill frequency table
52
health screening
- PARQ = identify health risks , medical conditions and previous injuries
- identifies that ind. can physically perfom the test
53
informed consent
-minors must have parents involved
-reveals aim of testing, purpose, risks and assurance of confedentiality
- aims to minimise social and physical complications/ risks
54
pre fitness test
- set a benchmark
- motivation
- strength and weakness
55
purpose for during and post test
- evaluate effectiveness
-motivation
56
physiologucal
- replicate requirements of the sport
- are they physically capable
57
accuracy
rules and guidelines strictly followed
58
relaible
can be replicated to produce consistent results
59
diminishing returns
gains in fitness more rapid at beginning of program and later becomes more difficullt to achieve
60
concentration
ability to focus on relevant cues and ignore noise
61
why develop fundamental motor skills
if x develop - then no chance to master fundamental motor skills - not develop sport specific skills - less likely to be successful in chosen sport - decrease motivation and likelihood of participation
62
activity analysis type
- movement patter = eg +fc
-hr = es
-w:r= es
skill freq = fc + mg + actions
63
how does age affect aerobic power
- peaks mid 20s then resume linear -ve trend
- decrease elacticity of lungs , decrease o2
- decrease hb levels and decrease mm and mitochondria
64
how does sex affect aerobic power
males>
- increase size of lungs
-increase hb
- muscle mass and mito
65
how does age affect anaerobic capacity
peaks at 30yo
- decrease muscle mass and protein synthesis - decrease power
66
sex affect on anaerobic capacity
males have increase testosterone - increase muscle m and places to store cp and anaerobic enzymes - increase ability to work anaerobically
67
reaction time
time bw stimulus and initiation of muscular response
68
coordination
ability to execute a sequence of movement smoothly and accurately
69
body comp
ratio of non fat components to fat ofbody - muscle / bone
70
how does sex influence fkexibility
females - generally more flex bc increase oestrogen which assists in joint laxity and will have decrease muscle mass
71
hiit
include work periods of high intensity interspersed with periods of passive rest or active/low intensity recovery
72
resistance training
use of body weight or additional weight to impact muscle structure
73
interval training
form of training where work intervals are followed by rest
74
circut training
- combines continuous and resistance training, consists of a series of exercises arranged in order to develop health related or sports specific fitness
75
plyometric
involves rapid eccentric contraction followed by a forceful concentric contraction
76
evaluate interval training
- ad = performed without fatigue associated with continuous
- dis= requires knowledge to set up
77
evaluate res training
ad- manipulated easy to target many fc
dis- require equiptment, background knowledge
78
evaluate circut
- ad= large groups , easy to overload
-disad= time consuming to set up - not most specific
79
types of curcuts
- fixed time
-fixed load
- individual load - diff for each ind
80
plyometrics evaluate
ad = most specific way to develop power - minimal equiptment
disad= dangerous / vital to have technique
81
conditions for plyometrics
- low int to high - limit effect of fatigue
-warm up before
- appropriate footwear
-ensure no preexisting injury or potential health risks
82
overtraining
long term decline in performance and physical functioning as body becomes psychologically and physiologically stressed
83
mental imagery benefits
-enhance conc on relevant cues
- moves arousal to optimal zone
-enhance neural pathway bw brain and the muscles
84
muscular acute responses
- motor unit recruitment
- increase firing rate of motor units
- increase a-vo2-diff
-depletion of fuels
- increase muscle temp
- production of metabollic byproducts
85
acceleration definition
rate of change of velocity of an object
86
projectile motion
object propelled by application of external force when in air
- evaluates how factors influence flight path
87
torque
force that leads to rotation
88
