Exam review Flashcards
(73 cards)
1
Q
sit with support
A
6M
2
Q
tripod sit
A
7M
3
Q
sit unsupported
A
8M
4
Q
into sitting position from prone or supine
A
10M
5
Q
creep on hands and knees
A
11M
6
Q
crawl forward on belly
A
8-10M
7
Q
bear all weight on legs
A
6-7M
8
Q
push themselves backwards with arms
A
4-6M
9
Q
stands holding furniture
A
9M
10
Q
cruises (stand up/move holding onto something)
A
10-12M
11
Q
walks well with one hand held
A
12M
12
Q
sit down from upright position
A
10-12M
13
Q
walk without assistance
A
15M
14
Q
object permanence
A
10M
15
Q
pincer grasp develop
A
8-9M
16
Q
refined pincer grasp
A
11-12M
17
Q
hand to hand transfer
A
7M
18
Q
coo
A
2M
19
Q
consonant sounds, laughs aloud, babble
A
3-4M
20
Q
vowel sounds
A
5-7M
21
Q
imitating sounds
A
8M
22
Q
understand simple commands and “no”
A
9-10M
23
Q
can say 3-5 words with meaning besides mama and dada
A
12M
24
Q
weight
A
-10% initial loss after birth
-1oz/day until 6M
-doubles weight by 6M
-triples weight by 1 year
25
Erikson infancy
trust vs mistrust: in sync with caregiver, need to know that they will be taken care of when in distress
26
Piaget infancy
sensorimotor (birth-2M): progression from simple reflexes to simple repetitive acts, learns they are separate from others and objects, object permanence, begin to use symbols
reflexive (birth-1M)
primary circular reactions (1M-4M): habit, clap hands
secondary circular reactions (4M-8M): separate from others/objects
coordination of secondary (9M-12M): intentional, searching, learns to accomplish a goal
27
anterior fontanelle
open 12-18M
28
posterior fontanelle
closes 8 weeks
29
rooting reflex
infant opens mouth and turns head to stimulated side
30
stepping reflex
infant held as though weight bearing on with feet on surface, steps along raising one foot at a time
31
moro reflex
present loud noise or allow head to drop slightly, arms spread and fingers extend and then flex; then arms come toward each other, cry is possible
32
infant toys
rattle, musical toys-play is self absorbed (independent)
33
infant safety
car seats, no walker, supervision
34
toddler normal body
lordosis, pot belly, bowed legs, open anterior fontanelle until 12-18M
35
toddler: throw ball
18M
36
walk without help
15M
37
runs okay and goes up steps
24M
38
copies circle and line
24M
39
pedal
3 years
40
feed self with spoon
18M
41
normal toddler interactions
doesn't share, doesn't really play with another child, focus is on control and gross motor play
42
toddler speech progression
300 words by age 2, multi word sentences, 65% understandable at age 3
43
toddler play
enjoy playing beside, but not with other children, parallel play, rough and tumble play
44
tower of two cubes
15M
45
how to handle temper tantrums
do not give in, let them have tantrum
46
concern in toddlers
sibling rivalry
47
skip and hop on one foot
4 years
48
go up steps independently (alternating feet)
3 years
49
balance alternating feet
5 years
50
throw and catch ball well
5 years
51
preschooler play
cooperative, imaginative, imitative, ROLE PLAY
52
preschool erikson stage
initiative vs guilt
53
initiative vs guilt
-want to try everything, feel guilt when fail
-wish negative things and feel guilty
-need to clarify that wishes cannot make things happen
-superego or conscience developing
-verbal warnings good form of discipline
-need exposure to variety of experiences and play
54
preschool piaget
-preconceptual: 2-4 years
-intuitive thought: 4-7 years
(fantasy and imitative play very important, goes from totally egocentric to early recognition of other POV)
55
more preschool piaget
-appear to understand more than they do because of ability to imitate (time or right/left)
-magical thinking
56
preschool language
2100+ words by age 5
57
more variety of verbs
age 4-5
58
can use adjectives, all parts of speech
age 4-5
59
school age erikson
industry vs inferiority:
-children get skills to help them become contributing members of community
-personal and interpersonal competence through skills
-take part in activities that require practice
-music
-hobbies and projects enjoyed if small duration
-assembling something helps them gain sense of industry, frequent reinforcement of process
-need sense of accomplishment
60
school age play
conformity, need for peers, increased skill and ability
61
erikson adolescent
identity vs role confusion
62
female puberty
-breast development first, pubic hair follows in 2-6 months, increase in vaginal discharge
-menarche 2 years after breast bud development, average age 12.5 years (10.5-15)
63
male puberty
-testicular enlargement first (9.5-14)
-pubic hair early puberty
64
how to feed infants
formula/breast milk until 4-5M
65
how do we add solids
-rice cereal at 4-5M
-1 food at a time, 5 days at a time
-1 tbsp per year of age as serving size
66
nutrition general info
toddlers go through physiologic anorexia and preschoolers don't eat as much in general so make sure to feed them good nutritious foods
67
when to hold live vaccines
when a child is immunocompromised
-chemo
-steroids
68
when NOT to be concerned about a vaccine reaction
-moderate to severe local reactions
-mild acute fever with/without illness
-current antibiotic therapy
-convalescent phase of therapy
-prematurity
-recent exposure to infectious disease
-history of non specific allergies
69
do not introduce cow's milk before this age
12M
70
copying complex shapes
age 6-7
71
writing full sentences
age 6-7
72
use scissors with fair control, copy simple shapes, dress with minimal help
age 5
73
what would be a contraindication of getting a vaccine
anaphylactic reaction to previous immunization that would be received that day
