exam review pt 5

Question 1

Undigested materials are expelled from the body via a process called Blank______.

Answer 1

defecation

Question 2

Chemical digestion breaks down ingested material into smaller molecules by using Blank______.

Answer 2

enzymes

Question 3

The mouth is the initial site of Blank______ digestion (via mastication) and Blank______ digestion (via an enzyme in saliva).

Answer 3

mechanical, chemical

Question 4

The muscle that compresses the cheeks against the teeth to hold solid materials in place during chewing is the Blank______ muscle.

Answer 4

buccinator

Question 5

Not everything we eat can be used by the body. Two examples include Blank______ and Blank_____

Answer 5

cellulose, fiber

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of the tongue?

Answer 6

olfacation

Question 7

The digestive organs form a(n) Blank______ from the mouth to the anus.

Answer 7

continuous tube

Question 8

Identify the breakdown of large food items into smaller components.

Answer 8

digestion

Question 9

The submandibular glands produce about Blank______% of the saliva.

Answer 9

60-70

Question 10

The lining of the oral cavity protects against the Blank______ activities associated with digestion.

Answer 10

abrasive

Question 11

The sublingual glands contribute about Blank______% of the total saliva.

Answer 11

3-5

Question 12

The lateral walls of the oral cavity are formed by the cheeks, which are covered externally by the Blank______ and contain the Blank______ muscles.

Answer 12

integument, buccinator

Question 13

The teeth are collectively known as the

Answer 13

dentition

Question 14

The tongue is an accessory digestive organ that is formed primarily from Blank______ muscle and covered with stratified Blank______ epithelium.

Answer 14

skeletal, squamous

Question 15

The oropharynx and the laryngopharynx are lined with Blank______ epithelium.

Answer 15

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Question 16

A submandibular duct transports saliva from each gland through a ——– in the floor of the mouth on the lateral sides of the lingual——— .

Answer 16

papilla, frenulum

Question 17

The abdominopelvic cavity is lined with moist Blank______ membranes.

Answer 17

serous

Question 18

Each sublingual salivary gland extends multiple tiny sublingual ducts that open onto the Blank______ surface of the oral cavity, posterior to the Blank______ duct papilla.

Answer 18

inferior, submandibular

Question 19

A tubular passageway for swallowed materials being conducted from the pharynx to the stomach is the Blank______.

Answer 19

esophagus

Question 20

In a tooth, Blank______ pass through the apical foramen and are housed in the pulp.

Answer 20

blood vessels, nerves

Question 21

The stomach is a muscular, J-shaped sac that occupies the Blank______ upper quadrant of the abdomen, immediately inferior to the Blank______.

Answer 21

left, diaphram

Question 22

The stratified squamous epithelial lining of the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx provides protection against the Blank______ activities associated with swallowing ingested materials.

Answer 22

abrasive

Question 23

Gastric juices are produced by cells in the Blank______, and their secretions are released into gastric pits, which funnel them to the lumen of the stomach

Answer 23

gastric glands

Question 24

The portion of the serous membrane that lines the inside surface of the body wall is called the Blank______ peritoneum

Answer 24

parietal

Question 25

Ingested nutrients spend at least Blank______ hours in the small intestine as chemical digestion and absorption are completed.

Answer 25

12

Question 26

The inferior part of the esophagus connects to the stomach by passing through an opening in the diaphragm called the esophageal

Answer 26

hiatus

Question 27

The large intestine originates at the ----------junction and terminates at the anus.

Answer 27

ileocecal

Question 28

After the bolus has been completely processed in the stomach, the product is called Blank______.

Question 29

secretory cells from the gastric epithelium.

Answer 29

Mucous neck cell Chief cell Enteroendocrine cell Surface mucous cell Parietal cell

Question 30

The small intestine finishes the chemical digestion process and is responsible for absorbing Blank______ of the nutrients and water.

Answer 30

90%

Question 31

The accessory digestive organs produce Blank______ that facilitate the chemical digestive activities of GI tract organs.

Answer 31

secretions

Question 32

The small intestine consists of three specific segments which are the Blank______.

Answer 32

ileum duodenum jejunum

Question 33

From its origin at the ileocecal junction to its termination at the anus, the large intestine has an approximate length of Blank______ feet and a diameter of Blank______ inches.

Answer 33

5, 2.5

Question 34

true or false Hepatocytes produce bile, detoxify drugs, metabolites, and poisons.

Answer 34

true

Question 35

The right colic flexure is also called the -------- flexure.

Answer 35

hepatic

Question 36

accessory digestive organs.

Answer 36

gallbladder, pancreas, liver

Question 37

The ------- duct connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct.

Answer 37

cystic

Question 38

The liver constitutes approximately Blank______% of an adult's body weight.

Answer 38

2%

Question 39

The biliary apparatus is a network of thin ducts that carry bile from the liver and gallbladder to the Blank______.

Answer 39

duodenum

Question 40

Hepatocytes synthesize blood plasma proteins such as albumins, Blank______, and proteins required for blood clotting.

Answer 40

globulins

Question 41

The pancreas is referred to as a mixed gland because it exhibits both and exocrine functions.q

Answer 41

endocrine

Question 42

The --------- concentrates bile produced by the ------- and stores this concentrate until it is needed for digestion.

Answer 42

liver

Question 43

The left and right -------- ducts merge to form a single common hepatic duct.

Answer 43

hepatic

Question 44

The exocrine activity of the pancreas results in the secretion of digestive -------- and bicarbonate, collectively called ----------- juice, into the duodenum.

Answer 44

enzymes, pancreatic

Question 45

On the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the --------- region.