exam 2 module 4

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

Support, (entire body)
Protection of the organs
Movement (attachment of the muscles)
Hemopoiesis (blood cell production)
Energy and mineral reserves (calcium)

Question 2

pectoral girdle, upper limb, pelvic girdle, lower limb

Answer 2

bones of the appendicular skeleton

Question 3

vertebral column, thoracic cage

Answer 3

bones of the axial skeleton

Question 4

3 types of cartilage

Answer 4

hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Question 5

cartilage found in the ends of long bone, costal cartilage, respiratory structures, fetal skeleton

Answer 5

hyaline

Question 6

cartilage found in pinna(inner ear) and epiglottis

Answer 6

elastic

Question 7

cartilage found in intervertebral disks, knee joints, pubic symphasis

Answer 7

fibrocartilage

Question 8

what kind is bone is inside bones, and shock absorption

Answer 8

spongy bone

Question 9

what kind of bone is smooth, dense external portion of bones , strong, rigid

Answer 9

compact bone

Question 10

humerus, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, metacarpals, phalanges, femur

Answer 10

examples of long bones

Question 11

talus, carpals, tarsals

Answer 11

examples of short bone

Question 12

sternum, scapula, skull bones, rib bones

Answer 12

examples of flat bones

Question 13

vertebra, sacrum, patella, mandible, coccyx

Answer 13

examples of irregular bones

Question 14

The epiphysis (ends)
Epiphyseal line (growth plate)
Diaphysis (shaft)
Compact bone (superficial)
Spongy bone (deep)
Periosteum (sheath on outside of bone)
Endosteum ( lines internal cavity)
Medullar cavity (bone marrow)
Nutrient arteries (feed bone)

Answer 14

parts of a long bone

Question 15

a process that gradually replaces cartilage with bone tissue to form bones.

Answer 15

endochondral ossification

Question 16

a process that converts mesenchymal tissue directly into bone, forming flat bones in the skull, clavicle, and other parts of the body

Answer 16

intramembranous ossification

Question 17

Which bones form via endochondral ossification?

Answer 17

long bones, axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, skull base, clavicle

Question 18

Which bones form via Intramembranous ossification?

Answer 18

flat bones of the skull, cranial bones, clavicle

Question 19

a disc of cartilage that allows long bones to grow in length

Answer 19

epiphyseal plate

Question 20

the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side

Answer 20

pectoral girdles

Question 21

What are the major parts/processes of the scapula?

Answer 21

the acromion, the spine, and the coracoid process

Question 22

What bones are found in the upper limb?

Answer 22

clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna and hand bones.

Question 23

The proximal end (including the greater tubercle), the shaft (body), and the distal end (including the capitulum and trochlea)

Answer 23

major parts of the humerus

Question 24

How many phalanges are in the hand? How many carpals?

Answer 24

8 carpals, 5 phalanges

Question 25

What bones are in the pelvis? Where do they articulate?

Answer 25

The hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis) They articulate in the Sacroiliac joints, Sacrococcygeal joint, Pubic symphysis, Lumbosacral joints

Question 26

the femoral head (which articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis), the neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and the distal condyles (medial and lateral) which articulate with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint;

Answer 26

major features of the femur and where they articulate

Question 27

What features help you distinguish the tibia from the fibula?

Answer 27

The tibia is a larger bone on the inside, and the fibula is a smaller bone on the outside.

Question 28

How many tarsals and phalanges are in the foot?

Answer 28

7 tarsals , 5 phalanges

Question 29

What are the three types of joints?

Answer 29

fibrous joints , cartilaginous joints synovial joints

Question 30

example of fibrous joint

Answer 30

sutures in the skull

Question 31

example of cartilaginous joint

Answer 31

intervertebral discs in the spine

Question 32

example of synovial joints

Answer 32

knee joint, shoulder joint

Question 33

a type of cartilaginous joint where bones are joined together by hyaline cartilage. This type of joint is typically found in areas where bone growth occurs, such as the epiphyseal plates in long bones during childhood and adolescence.

Answer 33

synchondrosis

Question 34

a type of cartilaginous joint where two bones are joined by a pad of fibrocartilage

Answer 34

symphysis

Question 35

What movements happen with plane joints?

Answer 35

gliding

Question 36

What movements happen with hinge joints

Answer 36

flexion and extension

Question 37

What movements happen with pivot joints

Answer 37

rotation

Question 38

What movements happen with Ball and socket joints

Answer 38

flexion/extension, adduction/abduction and rotation

Question 39

what movements happen with Conylar joints

Answer 39

depression

Question 40

What bones make up the knee?

Answer 40

Femur, tibia, patella

Question 41

What ligaments make up the knee?

Answer 41

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL), Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

Question 42

What bones make up the temporomandibular joint?

Answer 42

Temporal bone, mandible

Question 43

What bones are found in the elbow?

Answer 43

Humerus, radius, ulna

Question 44

what ligaments are found in the elbow?

Answer 44

Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL):, Radial Collateral Ligament (RCL), Annular Ligament

Question 45

What bones make up the hip (coxal) joint?

Answer 45

Femur, pelvis

Question 46

What is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 46

shoulder bone

Question 47

what bones make up the