Exam1 1- Foundations

Question 1

Autonomy

Answer 1

Self determination

Question 2

Justice

Answer 2

Fair & equitable

Question 3

Beneficence

Answer 3

doing good

Question 4

Nonmaleficence

Answer 4

Prevent harm

Question 5

Veracity

Answer 5

Truth

Question 6

Fidelity

Answer 6

Faithfulness

Question 7

Malpractice

Answer 7

Professional negligence

• duty
• breach/failed
• causation
• injury

Question 8

Informed consent

Answer 8

*Competence, Voluntariness, disclosure
understanding
decision
authorization

Question 9

Physiologic Alterations

Answer 9

• Increased catabolism
• insulin resistence ->hyperglycemia
• decreased immune & allergic response
• sodium & water retention, inc. blood volume
• increased metabolic rate

Question 10

To correct Hypoxia

Answer 10

• Give oxygen
• monitor saturation
• may need intubation and mechanical ventilation

Question 11

Improve CO

Answer 11

optimize preload, contractility, and afterload

antidysrhythmics, fluids/diuretics, inotropes, vaodilators, correct electrolyte imbalance

Question 12

Improve oxygen carrying capacity

Answer 12

blood/blood products

Question 13

Decrease metabolic demands

Answer 13

relieve pain, reduce anxiety, keep warm & dry, control fever, allow rest, suction if needed, use sedation or neuromuscular blockade

Question 14

Psychosocial alterations are influenced by

Answer 14

culture
developmental stage
general health
social support
personality 
financial resources, and previous experiences

Question 15

Alterations in consciousness

Answer 15

• Alteration in circadian rhythms
• Sensory deprivation and overload
• ICU syndrome
• Medications, intoxications
• Fluid & electrolyte disturbances
• hypoxia, decreased CO
• infection
• age >60
• sleep pattern disturbances
• nutritional deficiencies
• metabolic or endocrine disorders
• brain injury or neruological disorder

Question 16

Depolarizing tranquilizer

Answer 16

Succinylcholine (Anectine, Etomidate)

Question 17

Nondepolarizing tranquilizer

Answer 17

Pancuronium (pavulon), vercuronium (norcuron)

Question 18

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 18

106F caused by genetic defect in muscle cell membrane

• seizure
• muscle rigidity
• massetor
• triggered by gases and stress

Question 19

Malignant hyperthermia Tx

Answer 19

Dantrolene 2-3mg/kg, up to 10mg/kg
Stop gas, give 100% O2, cool down, relax muscle reaction
-Life-threatening up to 72hr post op

Question 20

Thorazine

Answer 20

Hiccups

Question 21

Neostigmine

Answer 21

Urine retention

Question 22

Demerol

Answer 22

shivers

Question 23

Professional organization

Answer 23

AACN - association
CCRN - certification
competency

Question 24

CCRN

Answer 24

Certification >1080hr competence

Question 25

Standards of practice

Answer 25

Nursing process, ADPIE | Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation

Question 26

Commission

Answer 26

Act of negligence that is "done"

Question 27

Omission

Answer 27

Act of negligence that is not done (when it should have been)

Question 28

breach of duty

Answer 28

injury results

Question 29

causation

Answer 29

nurse actually caused injury to pt

Question 30

Damage

Answer 30

Death?

Question 31

Abandonment

Answer 31

unilateral severance of relationship when client still needs care

Question 32

Elements of informed consent

Answer 32

competence, voluntariness, disclosure

Question 33

Stressors for staff

Answer 33

OT | Technology

Question 34

Stressors for client

Answer 34

``` sleep deprivation sensory overload powerlessness altered circadian rhythm invasive lines ```

Question 35

ICU Psychosis (ICU syndrome)

Answer 35

``` 48hr post admission, resolves 48hr post discharge -perceptual distortions -decreased attention span -disorientation -Memory loss labile emotions ```

Question 36

Nutrition

Answer 36

pre albumin check for changes | serum albumin check for malnutrition

Question 37

Response to acute illness or injury

Answer 37

culture, developmental stage, resources

Question 38

Pain management

Answer 38

``` FLACC Mankowski Wong baker TO4-check for twitches BIS- EEG ```

Question 39

Unstable client

Answer 39

Fentanyl- short-acting

Question 40

Milky (MOA), lasts 12hrs

Answer 40

propofol

Question 41

Short term sedation DO NOT USE FOR HEAD TRAUMA

Answer 41

versed, Romasicom

Question 42

Pre-op meds

Answer 42

Dry out -atropine/robinul/scopalomine Ulcers, acidity -nexium, pepcid, zantac