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physio > Exam3.Ch 7-9 > Flashcards

Exam3.Ch 7-9 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following conditions is known to lead to formation of mineral deposits in the blood vessels and kidney?

A

Excessive intake of vitamin D

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2
Q

Which of the following is responsible for transporting vitamin A (ie from the liver to other tissues)?

A

Retinol-binding protein

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3
Q

Functions of vitamin A include all of the following except…

A

energy, growth, or vision

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4
Q

Which of the following can the body use to synthesize vitamin D?

A

Exposure to sunlight

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5
Q

The organs involved in the hydroxylation of vitamin D include all of the following except

A

instestine

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6
Q

Which of the following features do vitamins C and E share?

A

Both function as antioxidants.

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7
Q

Research has shown that the risk for neural tube defects is lowered by taking supplements of

A

folate

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8
Q

Which of the following symptoms would indicate a vitamin D deficiency?

A

bowed legs

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9
Q

What method is used to measure the amount of heat given off by the body?

A

Direct calorimetry

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10
Q

What is the primary excretory route for the water-soluble vitamins?

A

kidney

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11
Q

The feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal is termed

A

satiety

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12
Q

Beriberi results from a deficiency of

A

thaimin (B1)

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13
Q

What is the main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates between males and females of the same body weight?

A

Males have a higher percentage of lean body mass.

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14
Q

The Wernicke-Korsakoffsyndrome, which is often observed in poorly nourished alcohol abusers, is known to respond to supplements of

A

thiamin (Vit B1).

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15
Q

Pellegra is known to cause abnormalities of all of the following organs/systems except (hint: the 4 Ds)

A

skeletal

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16
Q

Which of the following substances is converted to vitamin A in the body?

A

Beta-carotene

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17
Q

What is the approximate calories in one pound of fat?

A

3500 kcal

18
Q

An index of a person’s weight in relation to height is called

A

body mass index.

19
Q

As far as is known, vitamin A does not play an important role in which of the following processes?

A

blood clotting

20
Q

Which of the following is a type of neural tube defect?

A

spina bifida

21
Q

Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Deficiency symptoms may take years to develop on a poor diet

22
Q

Which of the following describes a patient who goes through gastric bypass?

A

Both food intake and absorption are affecte

23
Q

Ariboflavinosis is due to

A

Riboflavin deficiency

24
Q

What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?

A

ATP

25
Q

What is/are the main function(s) of vitamin D?

A

Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption and promotes calcium mobilization from bone

26
Q

The thermic effect of foods is highest for what nutrient?

A

protein

27
Q

What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food?

A

The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body

28
Q

What is the major factor that determines metabolic rate?

A

Amount of lean body tissue

29
Q

In what region of the body is the storage of excess body fat associated with highest risks for cardiovascular disease and diabetes?

A

Abdomen

30
Q

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

A

Vitamin K

31
Q

Which of the following is a feature of Accutane (high levels of Vitamin A)?

A

It is known to cause birth defects when used by pregnant women.

32
Q

What instrument is used to measure the energy content of foods?

A

bomb calorimeter

33
Q

What population group has the highest risk for vitamin K deficiency?

A

Newborns

34
Q

The weight of the body without the fat content is known as the

A

lean body mass

35
Q

Which of the following explains why B vitamin deficiencies lead to lack of energy?

A

Coenzymes needed for energy metabolism are produced in insufficient amount

36
Q

What fraction of the day’s energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism?

A

about 2/3

37
Q

When protein is consumed in excess, the excess protein will be converted to ___________

A

triglycerides

38
Q

What is the best explanation that excess body fat can lead to diabetes type 2?

A

Excess body fat leads to insulin resistance which increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes

39
Q

Low body weight due to starvation or eating disorders

A

can increase the risk of early death

40
Q

Leptin is released from __________ to ____________

A

adipocytes to increase energy expediture

41
Q

Research in obese people seems to show that there is no increase in the risks for strokes and hypertension provided that the excess body fat is distributed around the

A

hips and thighs

physio (11 decks)

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