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Atypical > Examen 2 > Flashcards

Examen 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Anaclitic depression

A

Refers to infants who lost their primary caregiver/ or whose primary caregiver was physically or emotionally abusive or distant from the infant

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2
Q

What are some symptoms of anaclitic depression

A

Whining
Withdrawal
Weight loss
Impaired social interactions
Immobile facial expressions
Slowed or stunted growth

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3
Q

Failure to Thrive in Infants

A

infants who were institutionalized and who received little or no individual care and attention-
A condition where infants would present with:
Apathy
Slow motor development
No interest in their surroundings
No interest in food or liquids

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4
Q

What kind of system was used to describe Depressive Disorder of Early Childhood

A

Diagnostic Classification: 0–5 system

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5
Q

Depressive Disorder of Early Childhood

A

toddler or young child shows at least 2 weeks of depressed or irritable mood, decreased interest in activities that were enjoyable previously, decreased capacity to protest, excessive whining, possibilities of disturbances in sleeping and eating, and limited social interactions

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6
Q

Problems from DD of early childhood are often associated with

A

disrupted attachment patterns

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7
Q

Masked Depression

A

A term used when children showed aggressive, hyperactive, or other acting-out behaviors “to ward off the unbearable feelings of despair”

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8
Q

Major Depressive Disorder is only diagnosed when…

A

When there are clear indications of a composite of symptoms in addition to clinical distress or impairment in social, occupational, or educational functioning.

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9
Q

MDD would not be diagnosed if..

A

the symptoms were better accounted for by other disorders (such as schizophrenia) or if there is evidence of a manic episode or a hypomanic episode. In addition if the symptoms were due to a medical illness, such as hypothyroidism

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10
Q

In MDD, children and adolescents can show____ rather than___

A

irritable mood, depressed mood

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11
Q

Presenting symptoms of MDD

A

Depressed mood
Loss of interest
Disturbed eating patterns
Disturbed sleeping patterns
Disturbed activity levels
Feelings of worthlessness
Diminished concentration
Possible thoughts of death and suicide

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12
Q

If depressive symptoms are less severe and for a longer period of time, then children and adolescents can be assessed for___

A

persistent depressive disorder/ dysthymia

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13
Q

Prevalence of MDD

A

2% to 5% in children and adolescents

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14
Q

MDD=Prevalence rates based on gender differences:

A

Rumination and co-rumination- (girls)
Higher rates of body image dissatisfaction
More salient maladaptive cognitions
Respond in a more reactive manner

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15
Q

MDD comorbidity

A

Anxiety disorders
Conduct disorder
Oppositional defiant disorder
ADHD
Substance disorders
Eating disorders

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16
Q

MDD course of disorder in children

A

Irritability and Somatic complaints
rather than reporting dysphoric mood or hopelessness

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17
Q

In adolescents

A

Depressed mood
Hopelessness
Low-self esteem

18
Q

average length of a depressive episode in children and adolescents

A

8 weeks to 9 months

19
Q

MDD- genetic factors

A

Genes passed from parents who also have depression

20
Q

MDD-Biological factors

A

Hormone and neurotransmitter abnormalities
Cerebral laterality
Brain functioning
Dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

21
Q

MDD- Cognitive Factors

A

Maladaptive cognitions
Cognitive distortions
Interpersonal theory:
Postulates that the combination of depressive symptoms and excessive
reassurance-seeking leads to interpersonal problems

22
Q

Familial factors:

A

Dysfunction and conflict
Parental aggression and maltreatment
Little to no support
Parental separation and parental attitude toward caregiving

23
Q

Treatment for MDD

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy:
For children and adolescents
Administered individually or in groups

Interpersonal Therapy:
For adolescents
Administered individually

Medication (Antidepressants):
Taken alone or in conjunction with therapy

24
Q

Prevention

A

Social problem-solving
Cognitive behavioral interventions
For children who are at risk for depression because of parents-Psychoeducational programs

25
Q

Gradations of suicidality

A

Non-suicidal
Suicidal ideation
Suicidal threat
Mild attempt
Serious attempt

26
Q

Children’s Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2)

A

Assesses children’s feelings of depression, negative mood, interpersonal problems, ineffectiveness, anhedonia, and negative self-esteem

27
Q

Depressive syndrome

A

A constellation of depressive feelings and behaviors that are considered less severe than major depressive disorder

28
Q

Depressed mood

A

Feelings of sadness, being down, and feeling depressed, but not enough to meet criteria for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder

29
Q

therapy for suicidal adolescents-

A

dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

30
Q

in DSM‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder is listed in a new section called….

A

trauma‐ and stressor‐related disorders

31
Q

Symptoms of PTSD in younger children include

A

depression, anxiety, emotional disturbance, somatic complaints, aggression, and acting‐out

32
Q

Common dimensions across the trauma- and stressor-related disorders

A

Experience of a significant trauma or stressor, to which the reaction is not normative
Clinically significant distress and/or impairment in interpersonal, academic, social, or occupational functioning

33
Q

Criteria for PTSD

A

At least one intrusive symptom, Negative changes in thinking and feeling after the traumatic event, Symptoms exist for at least 1 month

34
Q

People with PTSD can experience»»

A

Flashbacks
Nightmares
Psychological symptoms

35
Q

Symptoms of PTSD

A

Depression
Anxiety
Emotional disturbance
Somatic complaints
Externalizing behaviors

36
Q

Core features

A

Experience of trauma
Should 4 constellations of behaviors
Reexperiencing
Avoidance
Negative cognitions and mood
Arousal

37
Q

Treatment for ptsd

A

Cognitive therapy
Exposure therapy
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

38
Q

Meedication for ptds

A

Antidepressants
Anxiolytics

39
Q

four constellations of behaviors of PTSD (or symptom clusters)

A

reexperiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and arousal

40
Q

dimensions across the anxiety disorders

A

Disturbance in feelings of anxiety
Clinically significant distress and/or impairment in academic, social, or occupational functioning

Atypical (7 decks)

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