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Development Psychology > Example tes 1,2,3 > Flashcards

Example tes 1,2,3 Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

in studies of human development, what is the term used to describe the unfolding of a genetically programmed sequence of events with age?

A

Maturation

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2
Q

among survival reflexes we can find?

A

Breathing, sneezes and hiccups reflexes

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3
Q

Regarding Piaget and inhalers (1956) three mountains study, what did they mean by pre operational children think egocentrically?

A

They have difficulties understanding the visual perspective of other people

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4
Q

according to bandora, what best describes the expectancies we acquire about what we can and cannot do?

A

self-evaluation

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5
Q

even if a score of 10 is rarely attained in the apgar test, what would be necessary to accompish this maximum score?

A

The baby is showing a pink colour in all the body, the heart rate is rapid (>100 bpm), shows reflex irritability (coughing, sneezing, crying), presents a strong and active muscle tone, breathing is good and baby is crying.

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6
Q

what is the following significant even of the third stage birth?

A

The umbilical cord and placenta are expelled from the mother

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7
Q

what describes the most significant events of the embryonic period of prenatal development

A

Support structures (amnion, chorion etc) are formed that nourish the developing individual, followed by primitive central nervous system and body parts.

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8
Q

biological development follows

A

Cephalo-caudal and proximo-distal directions

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9
Q

how does Gesells maturational theory view human development?

A

All psysical and psychosocial changes occur because they are biologically and genetically determined to do so.

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10
Q

an author not adding to discontinuity

A

Skinner : continuous

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11
Q

What would be necessary to score 10 on the Apgar test?

A

Baby is pink all over, HR >100 bpm, strong reflexes, good breathing, active muscle tone

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12
Q

What best describes the embryonic stage?

A

Formation of support structures, CNS, and rudimentary body parts

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13
Q

Which statement is true regarding chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis?

A

Procedures can cause stress and may be harmful to fetus

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14
Q

What is the heritability coefficient

A

(= Estimate of genetic influence, ranges -1.00 to +1.00)

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15
Q

What happens during the first stage of birth?

A

Transition period occurs when contractions increase most intensely

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16
Q

Which is true of a trait with high heritability (H value)

A

Genes likely contribute strongly to the trait

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17
Q

What hormone initiates the birth process?

A

(1) Corticotrophin-releasing hormone; (2) Oxytocin; (3) Neurohypophysis

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18
Q

What does the Babinski reflex indicate if it persists beyond infancy

A

Possible neurological damage to pyramidal tract

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19
Q

What reflex is observed if a baby turns their head and limbs on one side extend

A

The Magnus tonic reflex

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20
Q

What characterizes a blastocyst

A

A hollow ball of cells that implants into the uterine wall

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21
Q

What does Erikson’s theory suggest about early development

A

Development is shaped by resolving psychosocial conflicts

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22
Q

What does Piaget say about the preoperational stage

A

Use of symbols and pretend play begins

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23
Q

Which is the correct order of Piaget’s stages

A

Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete, Formal

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24
Q

In Erikson’s theory, a 7-year-old is in which stage?

Study These Flashcards
A

Industry vs. Inferiority

25
What is the correct match in Freud’s structural model
Id, ego, superego
26
The birth defect where skull bones fuse too early is called
Craniosynostosis
27
Regarding the germinal period, what is correct?
The zygote becomes a blastocyst
28
What is “moulding” in a newborn
Skull bones compress to pass through the birth canal
29
According to Piaget, what are schemas
Mental structures for organizing information
30
What is “accommodation” in Piaget’s theory
Adapting a schema to new information
31
What is a feature of Piaget’s preoperational stage?
Use of symbols and pretend play
32
What is an ectopic pregnancy
Blastocyst implants outside the uterus
33
What defines infertility
Failure to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sex
34
Erikson’s theory focuses on
Resolving psychosocial conflicts across the lifespan
35
Freud labeled the unconscious physical pleasure drive as:
ID
36
What is true about a neonate’s skull
It has flexible bones that allow compression during birth
37
According to Piaget, development includes
Assimilation and accommodation of schemas
38
In Erikson’s model, mistrust is shown through
Defensive, aggressive behavior
39
What does the placenta do
Transports oxygen and nutrients across a semipermeable membrane
40
The neural tube forms from which structure
Ectoderm folds into the neural tube
41
in proximodistal development, which body part develops first
Chest and organs before arms and legs
42
What is the Moro reflex
Startle response — baby throws out arms and legs to sudden noise or movement
43
hich structure develops from the mesoderm
Muscles and skeleton
44
According to Vygotsky, when are children in their “zone of proximal development
When they need help to do a task they can’t yet do alone
45
Which Piagetian concept is about children’s limited perspective-taking
Egocentrism
46
What type of play is most typical for the preoperational stage?
Symbolic play
47
What ability grows in the preoperational stage
Use of language and pretend play
48
What shows a child understands Theory of Mind
Understanding others can hold false beliefs
49
What emotional skill develops in early childhood
Empathy
50
At what age do children show self-awareness in the mirror test
Around 18 months
51
What are examples of self-conscious emotions?
Shame, guilt, embarrassment
52
What is “parallel play”
Children play side by side without real interaction
53
What is “cooperative play”
Play with shared goals and roles
54
Which are types of play in early childhood?
Functional, constructive, symbolic
55
How do children begin to learn about emotional expressions
Through social referencing
56
What is “overextension” in language
Using one word too broadly (e.g., calling all animals “dog”
57
What is “fast mapping”
Quickly learning the meaning of a word after one exposure
58
Which is incorrect about the swimming reflex?
Palmar grasp doesn’t appear in newborns (Incorrect — it does)
59
A baby turns head to one side, limbs on that side extend. What is this?
The Magnus tonic reflex

Development Psychology (3 decks)

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