Exchange and transport - CVD

Question 1

How does CHD lead to heart attacks?

Answer 1

• Coronary arteries are very narrow, easily blocked by fatty substances
• Blood clot can cut off blood supply to heart
• Cardiac muscle dies as it cannot respire
• Leads to myocardial infarction

Question 2

What are the 4 main risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 2

• Smoking
• High blood pressure
• High LDL blood cholesterol (high LDL:HDL ratio)
• Diet containing high levels of salt

Question 3

List some ways to reduce the risk of CHD

Answer 3

• Stop smoking
• Maintain blood pressure
• Lower cholesterol level
• Maintain healthy weight
• Regular exercise
• Moderate/no alcohol