excretory system

Question 1

What is the primary function of the excretory system?

Answer 1

To remove waste products from the body.

Question 2

True or False: The kidneys are the main organs of the excretory system.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called a __________.

Answer 3

nephron

Question 4

What waste product do the kidneys primarily filter from the blood?

Answer 4

Urea

Question 5

Which organ stores urine before it is excreted?

Answer 5

Bladder

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the excretory system? A) Kidneys B) Liver C) Lungs D) Stomach

Answer 6

D) Stomach

Question 7

What is the process by which urine is expelled from the body?

Answer 7

Micturition

Question 8

True or False: The excretory system also helps regulate blood pressure.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Answer 9

ureter

Question 10

What is the name of the hormone that regulates water balance in the body?

Answer 10

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for filtering blood in the kidneys? A) Glomerulus B) Urethra C) Renal pelvis D) Nephron

Answer 11

A) Glomerulus

Question 12

What is the main purpose of the loop of Henle in the nephron?

Answer 12

To concentrate urine and conserve water.

Question 13

True or False: The skin is part of the excretory system.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the final part of the excretory system where urine exits the body.

Answer 14

urethra

Question 15

What is the term for the process of reabsorbing water and nutrients back into the bloodstream?

Answer 15

Tubular reabsorption

Question 16

Multiple Choice: Which of the following substances is primarily excreted by the kidneys? A) Glucose B) Sodium C) Protein D) Bilirubin

Answer 16

B) Sodium

Question 17

What is the role of the renal cortex?

Answer 17

It contains the glomeruli and the proximal tubules.

Question 18

True or False: The urinary system includes the pancreas.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a network of blood vessels that surrounds the nephron.

Answer 19

peritubular capillaries

Question 20

What is the primary waste product of protein metabolism?

Answer 20

Urea

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which condition results from the inability of the kidneys to filter waste? A) Hypertension B) Kidney failure C) Diabetes D) Anemia

Answer 21

B) Kidney failure

Question 22

What is the name of the process that involves the secretion of waste into the nephron?

Answer 22

Tubular secretion

Question 23

True or False: The kidneys help regulate the body’s pH balance.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the outer layer of the kidney.

Answer 24

renal capsule

Question 25

What is the term for the inflammation of the kidneys often caused by infection?

Answer 25

Nephritis

Question 26

Multiple Choice: Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in filtration? A) Loop of Henle B) Glomerulus C) Distal tubule D) Collecting duct

Answer 26

B) Glomerulus

Question 27

What is the main function of the renal pelvis?

Answer 27

To collect urine from the kidney and funnel it to the ureter.

Question 28

True or False: Urine is typically sterile when it is produced.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The __________ regulates the amount of urine produced by the kidneys.

Answer 29

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 30

What is the effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

Answer 30

It increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion.

Question 31

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a symptom of kidney stones? A) Fever B) Severe pain C) Nausea D) All of the above

Answer 31

D) All of the above

Question 32

What is the process by which the kidneys maintain water balance called?

Answer 32

Osmoregulation

Question 33

True or False: The kidneys can regenerate damaged tissue.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the main blood supply to the kidneys.

Answer 34

renal artery

Question 35

What is the primary role of the urethra?

Answer 35

To carry urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Question 36

Multiple Choice: Which hormone is released when blood volume is low? A) ADH B) Insulin C) Glucagon D) Thyroxine

Answer 36

A) ADH

Question 37

What is the term for the unit of measurement for kidney function?

Answer 37

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Question 38

True or False: The excretory system only excretes liquid waste.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The __________ can affect kidney function by causing damage to the glomeruli.

Answer 39

diabetes