Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OSOMOP > Exodontia (2) > Flashcards

Exodontia (2) Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the anatomy of the teeth with regards to exodontia

A

Very robust and designed to withstand masticatory forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the anatomy of the alveolar bone with regards to exodontia

A

Thin, elastic and can be deformed, but very variable depending on patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the anatomy of the PDL with regards to exodontia

A
  • Extremely strong

- Composed of collagen which has high tensile strength but is very inelastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the anatomy of the adjacent structures with regards to exodontia

A

Inferior alveolar nerve or maxillary sinus may complicate the procedure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why are robust teeth relevant to exodontia?

A

Significant forces can be transmitted through it to the underlying bone and PDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is thin and elastic bone relevant to exodontia?

A

It will deform when forces are applied through teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is an inelastic PDL relevant to exodontia?

A

It will fracture which will allow the tooth to be extracted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the root morphology of the upper arch

A

Incisors - 1 root
Canines - 1 root
Premolars - 2 roots (buccal and palatal)
Molars - 3 roots (mesiobuccal, distobuccal and palatal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the root morphology of the lower arch

A

Incisors - 1 root
Canines - 1 root
Premolars - 1 root
Molars - 2 roots (mesial and distal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is important to note about the roots of lower molars?

A

Lower 6s show high tendency to have 3 roots - Mesiobuccal, mesiopalatal and distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe Coupland’s elevator

A
  • Come in 3 sizes (1 smallest, 3 largest)

- Held in hand with index finger on shaft to provide control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name 3 functions of Coupland’s elevator

A
  1. Assess anaesthesia
  2. Separate gingival cuff and prevent tearing of mucosa
  3. Elevate teeth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the basic shape of upper and lower forceps

A

Upper - Straight to anterior teeth but curve slightly for posterior
Lower - Blade set at 90 degrees to handles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the patient positioning during the extraction

A
  • Allows good vision, access and allow forces to be delivered down long axis of tooth
  • Dentist and patient should be comfortable
  • Cervical spine must be supported
  • Dentists stands to ensure maximum stability and support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the positioning of the dentist and patient during maxillary teeth extraction

A
  • Chair should be tipped back so maxillary plane at 60 degrees to floor
  • Chair height should be patient’s mouth is at elbow house
  • Patient’s head should be turned towards the dentist
  • Forefinger and thumb support tooth to be extracted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the position of the patient and dentist for extraction of mandibular teeth

A
  • Chair position should be such that tooth is below level of operators elbow
  • Chair positioned so mandibular occlusal plane is parallel to floor
  • Chair position for removal need to be reclined further back in mouth
  • Stand behind when removing tooth corresponding to hand you are using and in front when the opposite (ie LL using left hand stand behind)
17
Q

Name 3 functions of the supporting hand during extractions

A
  1. Counters force applied through the forceps
  2. Feed-back through supporting hand to detect deformation of alveolar bone and movement of the tooth
  3. Support offered by fingers protects tissue against damage if forceps incorrectly applied
18
Q

Describe the positioning of the forceps on the tooth

A
  • Beaks should engage roots of the tooth
  • Positioned as apically as possible
  • Place beak with most limited vision first
19
Q

Name 3 forces used during exodontia

A
  1. Gripping
  2. Apical drive
  3. Dilation of Socket
20
Q

Describe the “Gripping Force”

A
  • Once beaks are in position should be gripped tightly as possible
  • Prevents slipping
  • If beaks move tooth is more likely to fracture during extraction
21
Q

Name 3 functions of apical pressure

A
  1. Retract the gingival soft tissues
  2. Place the PDL fibres under pressure and dilate PDL space
  3. Help prevent the forceps beaks slipping once other forces are applied
22
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of maxillary central incisor

A

Root - Single, straight with circular cross section

Movements - Rotation and labial expansion

23
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of maxillary lateral incisor

A

Root - Oval cross section and may have distal curve at apex

Movements - Minimal rotation and labial expansion

24
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of maxillary canine

A

Root - Long, robust root with triangular cross section

Movements - Rotation first then labial expansion if required

25
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of maxillary premolars

A

Root - Possible fine twin apices

Movements - Bucco-palatal movements only

26
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of maxillary molars

A

Roots - 2 buccal and 1 palatal

Movements - Buccal and palatal only

27
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of mandibular incisors

A

Root - Single, fine, flattened and ovoid

Movement - Labio-lingual movement with emphasis on labial

28
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of mandibular canine

A

Root - Single robust root with ovoid or triangular cross section
Movement - Rotation with occasional need for labio-lingual movement

29
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of mandibular premolar

A

Root - Single with circular cross section

Movements - Rotation only usually needed but bucco-lingual may be used

30
Q

Describe the root and dilatation movement of mandibular molars

A

Root - 2 roots, one mesial and one distal

Movement - Bucco-lingual movement but may be figure of eight

31
Q

Describe the delivery of teeth

A
  • Once tooth has loosened it should be removed along the least line of resistance
  • Compress socket with fingers
  • Achieve haemostasis (biting on gauze)
32
Q

Describe 3 post-op instructions to give the patient on the day of extraction

A
  1. Do not rinse mouth for 12 hours
  2. Do not take alcohol, very hot foot or drink and avoid smoking for 7 days
  3. Keep fingers and tongue away from woudn
33
Q

Describe post-op instructions for the following day

A
  • Rinse gently after each meal using half teaspoon of table salt in glass of warm water
  • Salt water mouth rinses continue 4 days until wound is healed
34
Q

Describe post-op instructions if bleeding occurs

A
  • Place damp pad of clean linen or handkerchief over wound area and bite firmly for 20 minutes
  • Replace if necessary with clean pad and repeat for another 20 minutes
  • Remain quiet, lying down with head elevated
  • If bleeding continues, contact the dentist / oral surgeon
35
Q

Describe post-op instructions for pain and swelling following extractions

A
  1. Take pain medication as prescribed or what patient normally does for pain
  2. Swelling is normal and takes 2 days to reach peak (most swollen for 5-7 days), anything above this, contact GDP / oral surgeon

OSOMOP (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions