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BVSc2 AHS2 > Exotics - rodents > Flashcards

Exotics - rodents Flashcards

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1
Q

Is the maxilla or mandible narrower in rabbits and rodents?

A

Rodents - Maxilla is narrower, mandible is wider

Rabbits - maxilla is wider, mandible is narrower

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2
Q

How many pairs of incisors do rodents have?

A

One pair of upper and one pair of lower

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3
Q

How many pairs of incisors do lagomorphs have?

A

Two pairs of upper incisors

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4
Q

How many teeth do lagomorphs have?

A

28

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5
Q

What do rabbits and rodents share about their mouth>

A

Diastema and philtrum

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6
Q

What is a diastema and a philtrum?

A

Gap between incisors and molars

Cheek folds separating the grinding and gnawing compartments of the mouth

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7
Q

What are guinea pigs and chinchillas classed as?

A

Hystricomorphs

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8
Q

In rodents is the distance between cheek teeth greater in the upper jaw or lower jaw?

A

Lower jaw

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9
Q

What is a different between rodent and lagomorph limbs?

A

Lagomorphs have no foot pads, hair covered toes and metatarsals

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10
Q

What is different about lagomorph and rodent mouths?

A

Rodents have no bony symphysis between mandible whereas lagomorphs do
Rodents have a cartilaginous symphysis instead

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11
Q

What are rats, gerbils, hamsters and mice classed as?

A

Myomorphs

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12
Q

How many teeth do myomorphs have?

A

16

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13
Q

How many teeth do hystricomorphs have?

A

20

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14
Q

What type of teeth do myomorphs have and number of each?

A

4 aradicular incisors, no premolars, 12 brachdont molars

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15
Q

What are brachydont teeth?

A

Closed rooted teeth, enamel above the gumline in a crown

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16
Q

What type of teeth do hystricomorphs have and number of each?

A

4 incisors, 4 premolars, 12 aradicular teeth

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17
Q

What are aradicular teeth?

A

Open rooted teeth, hypsodont so constantly grow, enamel extends below the gum line

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18
Q

How are rodents adapted for gnawing?

A

Loose articulation of jaw
Incisors are in apposition when the molars are not and vice versa
Large masseters

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19
Q

What is an identifying feature of rat teeth?

A

Yellow/orange pigmented teeth

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20
Q

What is the gland called that rats and gerbils have that produces red pigment and what is the red pigment called?

A

Harderian gland

porphyrin

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21
Q

Where does the medial masseter pass in myomorphs and why?

A

Passes through the infraorbital foramen to the rostral muzzle
Gives a stronger lever to make a stronger bite

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22
Q

Which teeth are longer - upper or lower incisors?

A

Lower incisors

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23
Q

What is a feature on a myomorph tongue?

A

torus linguae

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24
Q

What feature do hamsters have that other rodents dont have?

A

Cheek pouches

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25
What is a feature of a hystricomorph tongue?
Palatal ostium - hole in the soft palate that connects with the pharynx - makes intubation difficult
26
What is the feature of hearing that is very big in rodents?
Tympanic bullae
27
Which species is the tympanic bullae most pronounced?
Chinchilla
28
What is different about a myomorph and hystricomorph skull?
Myomorph is more pointy, hystricomorph more rounded
29
What kind of young do myomorphs have?
Altricial young
30
What kind of gestation do myomorphs have?
Short gestation
31
What kind of young do hystricomorphs have?
Precocious young
32
In what rodents is the anogenital distance useful?
Myomorphs
33
What are squirrels classed as?
Sciuromorphs
34
How many digits do myomorphs have?
4/5 on forefoot - digit 1 is very reduced | 5 on hindfoot
35
How many digits do hystricomorphs have?
4 digits on forefoot, 3 on hindfoot
36
What is different about myomorph and hystricomorph mammary tissue?
Myomorphs - extensive mammary tissue, 6 teat pairs | Hystricomorphs - reduced tissue
37
How many teats do myomorphs have?
6 pairs
38
How many teats do guinea pigs have?
2 inguinal teats - 1 pair
39
How many teats do chinchillas have?
2 thoracic pairs and one inguinal pair
40
What is different about myomorph and hystricomorph sexing?
Guinea pigs have developed penis - apply pressure rather than anogenital distance like in myomorphs
41
What are the main features of rodent respiratory system?
They are obligate nasal breathers They have a high O2 demand High thoracic wall compliance
42
What are the features of myomorph lungs?
Only the right lung is divided - 4 lobes
43
How many lobes does hystricomorph lungs have?
Both lungs are lobulated 3 in left 4 in right
44
What kind of diet are myomorphs and hystricomorphs?
Myomorphs - omnivores | Hystricomorphs - strict herbivores
45
What are the areas of a myomorph stomach?
Non glandular area proximally - proventricular region, translucent Glandular area distally - fundic region pyloric region
46
What are the areas in a myomorph stomach separated by? Which animal is it most pronounced in?
Limiting ridge - hamster
47
What type of stomach do myomorphs have?
Monogastric
48
Where is the caecum located in myomorphs?
left caudal abdomen
49
How many lobes does a myomorph liver have?
4
50
Do myomorphs have a gall bladder?
No
51
What type of stomach do hystricomorphs have?
Monogastric
52
What are the features of the hystricomorph stomach?
Entirely glandular
53
How many lobes does a guinea pig stomach have?
6 lobes
54
Do hystricomorphs have a gall bladder?
Yes
55
How many taeniae do guinea pig caecum have?
3
56
What occurs in the proximal (ascending) colon in guinea pigs?
Separates digesta into faecal pellets and caecotrophs
57
How is a chinchilla GI tract different to a guinea pig?
Very long colon - for water conservation | Proximal colon has taeniae and haustra whereas guinea pigs dont have any
58
What kind of uterus do myomorphs have?
Duplex uterus | Two cervices in rats, one in gerbil and mouse
59
What kind of uterus do hystricomorphs have?
Bicornuate uterus
60
What is the length of gestation in rats and mice?
21-23 days
61
What is the length of gestation in hamsters?
15-18 days
62
What is the length of gestation in guinea pigs?
65 days
63
What is the length of gestation in chinchillas?
111 days
64
What is the uterus seal called?
Copulatory plug
65
What male sex glands are in close proximity and look lumpy?
Vesicular glands - lumpy | Coagulatory glands - underneath
66
What are found on rodent testes?
Cranial fat bodies
67
What do guinea pig vesicular glands look like?
Curved, tubular
68
What do chinchilla vesicular glands look like?
Scrunched up long tubularW pale structures
69
What is important to note about castration?
Open inguinal canal

BVSc2 AHS2 (9 decks)

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