Exp 5.1: Carbohydrates (Starch and Glycogen)

Question 1

Energy storage for polysaccharide implants

Answer 1

starch

Question 2

Energy reserve for animals
(Provides sugar for 24-36 hours when
fasting)

Answer 2

glycogen

Question 3

Carbohydrate with the same kind of monosaccharides

Answer 3

Homoglycan

Question 4

source of starch

Answer 4

cassava and potato

Question 5

source of glycogen

Answer 5

chicken liver

Question 6

starch:
isolation principle

Answer 6

Isolation from plant source
(Isolated by selective dissolution since starch is slightly soluble in H2O)

Question 7

glycogen:
isolation principle

Answer 7

Homogenization
10% TCA
90% EtOH
NaCl

Question 8

glycogen’s isolation principle:
ruptures the membranes

Answer 8

Homogenization

Question 9

glycogen’s isolation principle:
physical methods of homogenization

Answer 9

chemical & enzymatic

Question 10

glycogen’s isolation principle:
removes protein by precipitation

Answer 10

10% TCA

Question 11

glycogen’s isolation principle:
precipitates glycogen from the homogenized sample

Answer 11

95% EtOH

Question 12

glycogen’s isolation principle:
loss of the H2O shell surrounding glycogen molecule

Answer 12

precipitation

Question 13

structure of starch

Answer 13

Mixture of two polysaccharides:
amylose
amylopectin

Question 14

structure of starch:
linear homoglycan of glucose connected by a1-4 linkages, flexible allowing chain to coil o I2 trapped in coil, and gives purple color

Answer 14

amylose

Question 15

structure of starch:
branched homoglycan with approximately 1 in 25 glucose linked in both a1-4 (linear part) and a1-6 (branched part)

Answer 15

amylopectin

Question 16

structure of glycogen

Answer 16

Highly branched structure with :
● Linear Chains
o Connected by a1-4 glycosidic bonds
● Branched Points
o a1-6
o Highly branched – every 1 in 10 glucose units